Comparison Study Of Toxicity <i>Bacillus thuringensis</i> from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia

Akhmad Rizali

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11

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Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia

Akhmad Rizali

Published in American Journal of Entomology (Volume 2, Issue 1)

Received: 30 March 2018 Accepted: 19 April 2018 Published: 9 May 2018

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Abstract

Background and Objective: Most strains of B. thuringiensis produce delta-endotoxin crystals toxic to lepidopteran insects such moth. But some strains of B. thuringiensis produce delta-endotoxin crystals toxic to dipteran insects such as mosquitoes and blackflies. To compare B. thuringiensis isolate from soil and mulberry leaves. Material and Methods:One gram of soil samples was suspended in 9 ml of sterile distilled water and shaken for 5 min. the upper layer of the soil suspension was transferred to a test tube and heated at 80°C for 5 min in water bath to kill non-spore-forming organism and vegetative cells to prepare the sporulated culture, bacteria were grown on nutrient agar pH 7.2, at 30°C for 4 days. The isolates were obtained from mulberry leaves collected in West Java, Indonesia, using the leaf-lift technique. Leaves were trimmed to fit inside a 100 mm petri dish. Abaxial leaf surfaces were placed in contact with nutrient agar, and a sterile, per forated stainless steel disk was placed on the leaf sections to ensure maximum contact with the agar. After the sample was coated with carbon and gold, it was observed and photographed with (SEM). However they had differences form crystal protein, but they had unique as insecticidal to control the same orders (mosquitocidal). Results:The study found that B. thuringiensis serovar entomocidus INA288 produced large cuboidal-form crystals and B. thuringiensis serovar aizawai BUN 1-14 a little homology with serovar entomocidus INA288 but, B. thuringiensis israelensis ONR60A has irregular shaped crystal protein. Toxicity results that serovar entomocidus INA288, serovar aizawai BUN 1-14 and serovar israelensis ONR60A showed toxic to mosquito insects. which was composed of major protein of 130 kDa peptides. B. thuringiensis serovar entomocidus INA288 has 70 kDa and aizawai BUN 1-14 had 69 kDa. Conclusion: B. thuringiensis strain had different crystal protein form but had same toxicity.

Published in	American Journal of Entomology (Volume 2, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11
Page(s)	1-5
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

B. Thuringiensis, Soil, Leaves

References

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APA Style

Akhmad Rizali. (2018). Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia. American Journal of Entomology, 2(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11

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ACS Style

Akhmad Rizali. Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia. Am. J. Entomol. 2018, 2(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11

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AMA Style

Akhmad Rizali. Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia. Am J Entomol. 2018;2(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11

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@article{10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11,
  author = {Akhmad Rizali},
  title = {Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia},
  journal = {American Journal of Entomology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aje.20180201.11},
  abstract = {Background and Objective: Most strains of B. thuringiensis produce delta-endotoxin crystals toxic to lepidopteran insects such moth. But some strains of B. thuringiensis produce delta-endotoxin crystals toxic to dipteran insects such as mosquitoes and blackflies. To compare B. thuringiensis isolate from soil and mulberry leaves. Material and Methods:One gram of soil samples was suspended in 9 ml of sterile distilled water and shaken for 5 min. the upper layer of the soil suspension was transferred to a test tube and heated at 80°C for 5 min in water bath to kill non-spore-forming organism and vegetative cells to prepare the sporulated culture, bacteria were grown on nutrient agar pH 7.2, at 30°C for 4 days. The isolates were obtained from mulberry leaves collected in West Java, Indonesia, using the leaf-lift technique. Leaves were trimmed to fit inside a 100 mm petri dish. Abaxial leaf surfaces were placed in contact with nutrient agar, and a sterile, per forated stainless steel disk was placed on the leaf sections to ensure maximum contact with the agar. After the sample was coated with carbon and gold, it was observed and photographed with (SEM). However they had differences form crystal protein, but they had unique as insecticidal to control the same orders (mosquitocidal). Results:The study found that B. thuringiensis serovar entomocidus INA288 produced large cuboidal-form crystals and B. thuringiensis serovar aizawai BUN 1-14 a little homology with serovar entomocidus INA288 but, B. thuringiensis israelensis ONR60A has irregular shaped crystal protein. Toxicity results that serovar entomocidus INA288, serovar aizawai BUN 1-14 and serovar israelensis ONR60A showed toxic to mosquito insects. which was composed of major protein of 130 kDa peptides. B. thuringiensis serovar entomocidus INA288 has 70 kDa and aizawai BUN 1-14 had 69 kDa. Conclusion: B. thuringiensis strain had different crystal protein form but had same toxicity.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia
AU - Akhmad Rizali
Y1 - 2018/05/09
PY - 2018
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11
DO - 10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11
T2 - American Journal of Entomology
JF - American Journal of Entomology
JO - American Journal of Entomology
SP - 1
EP - 5
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2640-0537
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11
AB - Background and Objective: Most strains of B. thuringiensis produce delta-endotoxin crystals toxic to lepidopteran insects such moth. But some strains of B. thuringiensis produce delta-endotoxin crystals toxic to dipteran insects such as mosquitoes and blackflies. To compare B. thuringiensis isolate from soil and mulberry leaves. Material and Methods:One gram of soil samples was suspended in 9 ml of sterile distilled water and shaken for 5 min. the upper layer of the soil suspension was transferred to a test tube and heated at 80°C for 5 min in water bath to kill non-spore-forming organism and vegetative cells to prepare the sporulated culture, bacteria were grown on nutrient agar pH 7.2, at 30°C for 4 days. The isolates were obtained from mulberry leaves collected in West Java, Indonesia, using the leaf-lift technique. Leaves were trimmed to fit inside a 100 mm petri dish. Abaxial leaf surfaces were placed in contact with nutrient agar, and a sterile, per forated stainless steel disk was placed on the leaf sections to ensure maximum contact with the agar. After the sample was coated with carbon and gold, it was observed and photographed with (SEM). However they had differences form crystal protein, but they had unique as insecticidal to control the same orders (mosquitocidal). Results:The study found that B. thuringiensis serovar entomocidus INA288 produced large cuboidal-form crystals and B. thuringiensis serovar aizawai BUN 1-14 a little homology with serovar entomocidus INA288 but, B. thuringiensis israelensis ONR60A has irregular shaped crystal protein. Toxicity results that serovar entomocidus INA288, serovar aizawai BUN 1-14 and serovar israelensis ONR60A showed toxic to mosquito insects. which was composed of major protein of 130 kDa peptides. B. thuringiensis serovar entomocidus INA288 has 70 kDa and aizawai BUN 1-14 had 69 kDa. Conclusion: B. thuringiensis strain had different crystal protein form but had same toxicity.
VL - 2
IS - 1
ER -

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Akhmad Rizali

Department of Agroechotechnology, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, Indonesia

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Akhmad Rizali. (2018). Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia. American Journal of Entomology, 2(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11

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Akhmad Rizali. Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia. Am. J. Entomol. 2018, 2(1), 1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11

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AMA Style

Akhmad Rizali. Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia. Am J Entomol. 2018;2(1):1-5. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11

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@article{10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11,
  author = {Akhmad Rizali},
  title = {Comparison Study Of Toxicity Bacillus thuringensis from Soil Isolate and Mulberry Leaves in Indonesia},
  journal = {American Journal of Entomology},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-5},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20180201.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aje.20180201.11},
  abstract = {Background and Objective: Most strains of B. thuringiensis produce delta-endotoxin crystals toxic to lepidopteran insects such moth. But some strains of B. thuringiensis produce delta-endotoxin crystals toxic to dipteran insects such as mosquitoes and blackflies. To compare B. thuringiensis isolate from soil and mulberry leaves. Material and Methods:One gram of soil samples was suspended in 9 ml of sterile distilled water and shaken for 5 min. the upper layer of the soil suspension was transferred to a test tube and heated at 80°C for 5 min in water bath to kill non-spore-forming organism and vegetative cells to prepare the sporulated culture, bacteria were grown on nutrient agar pH 7.2, at 30°C for 4 days. The isolates were obtained from mulberry leaves collected in West Java, Indonesia, using the leaf-lift technique. Leaves were trimmed to fit inside a 100 mm petri dish. Abaxial leaf surfaces were placed in contact with nutrient agar, and a sterile, per forated stainless steel disk was placed on the leaf sections to ensure maximum contact with the agar. After the sample was coated with carbon and gold, it was observed and photographed with (SEM). However they had differences form crystal protein, but they had unique as insecticidal to control the same orders (mosquitocidal). Results:The study found that B. thuringiensis serovar entomocidus INA288 produced large cuboidal-form crystals and B. thuringiensis serovar aizawai BUN 1-14 a little homology with serovar entomocidus INA288 but, B. thuringiensis israelensis ONR60A has irregular shaped crystal protein. Toxicity results that serovar entomocidus INA288, serovar aizawai BUN 1-14 and serovar israelensis ONR60A showed toxic to mosquito insects. which was composed of major protein of 130 kDa peptides. B. thuringiensis serovar entomocidus INA288 has 70 kDa and aizawai BUN 1-14 had 69 kDa. Conclusion: B. thuringiensis strain had different crystal protein form but had same toxicity.},
 year = {2018}
}

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