American Journal of Mechanics and Applications

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Research on the RC Panel Experiments with Cushion Layer Upon Rockfall Impact

Received: 22 August 2019    Accepted:     Published: 18 November 2019
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Abstract

Reinforced concrete (RC) panels are widely used in the prevention and control of rockfall disasters in mountainous areas. In order to avoid the rigid damage caused by rockfalls that directly impact RC panels, the energy dissipation layer is often added to cushion the impact of rockfalls. In order to study the dynamic response of RC panels to different cushion layers under impact, a series of rockfall tests are carried out based on outdoor test platform. At the same thickness, the maximum impact force of EPS and sand composite cushion reduces by 50% compared with that of sand cushion, and the impact contact time is obviously longer than that of sand. Under the same impact condition, the center position of EPS material is crushed and collapsed, and a large number of radial cracks occur. The composite cushion layer can effectively reduce the mid-span displacement of RC Panel. At the falling height of 3 m, 5 m and 7 m, respectively, the mid-span displacement of RC Panel decreases by 37% to 46%. When sand is used as the cushion layer, the visible cracks in the middle of RC span increase from the bottom to the top. At the falling height of 7 m, the strain rate of concrete ranges from 101 ms-1 to 102 ms-1, while the strain rate of Reinforced ranges from 102 ms-1 to 103m s-1. Therefore, EPS and sand composite cushion layer is superior to sand in terms of energy dissipation effect. Compared with large-scale cluster rockfall prevention, the composite cushion layer has more advantages in preventing and treating single rockfall because of its easy damage, high cost of maintenance and replacement.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14
Published in American Journal of Mechanics and Applications (Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2019)
Page(s) 56-63
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

RC Panel, Impact Test, EPS Material, Composite Cushion

References
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[2] L Q ZHANG, Z F YANG. Risk analysis of encountering rockfalls on a highway-a case study. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2004, 23 (21): 3700-3708.
[3] S M He, W L Zhuang, Zhang X, et al. Research on rock-fall impact prevention of Chediguan bridge pier, Duwen road. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2013, 32 (Suppl 2): 3421―3427.
[4] X J PEI, R Q HUANG, Z PEI, et al. Analysis on the movement characteristics of rolling rockon slope caused by intensive earthquake. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2011, 19 (4): 498-504.
[5] X F MEI, X W HU, G LUO, et al. A Study on The Coefficient of Restitution and Peak Impact of Rockfall Based on Elastic-Plastic Theory. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2019, 27 (1): 123-133.
[6] X W HU, X F MEI, Y YANG, e t al. Dynamic Response of Pile-Plate Rock Retaining Wall Under Impact of Rockfall. Journal of Engineering Geology, 2019, 27 (1): 123-133.
[7] H Luo, W L Cooper, H Lu. Effect of Moisture on the Compressive Behavior of Dense Eglin Sand Under Confinement at High Strain Rates. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2014, 65 (65): 40-55.
[8] J C Li, G W Ma. Experimental study of stress wave propagation across a filled rock joint. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2009, 46 (3): 471-478.
[9] Y Boguslavskii, S Drabkin, I Juran, et al. Theory and Practice of Projectile's Penetration in Soils. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1996, 122 (10): 806-812.
[10] S Kawahara, T Muro. Effects of dry density and thickness of sandy soil on impact response due to rockfall. Journal of Terramechanics, 2006, 43 (3): 329-340.
[11] D P Visco, S Saravanan, T R K Mohan, et al. Impulse penetration into idealized granular beds: behavior of cumulative surface kinetic energy. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys, 2004, 70 (1): 051306.
[12] L SEAMAN. One-dimensional stress wave propagation in soils: Defense Atomic Support Agency, 1966.
[13] X YU, L CHEN, Q FANG. Experimental study on the attenuation of stress wave in coral sand. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2018, 37 (6): 1520-1529.
[14] Krauthammer. Modern Protective Structures, Second Edition. Crc Press, 2017.
[15] Mougin J P, Perrotin P, Mommessin M, et al. Rock fall impact on reinforced concrete slab: an experimental approach. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2005, 31 (2): 169-183.
[16] P Yan, J Zhang, Q Fang, et al. Numerical simulation of the effects of falling rock’s shape and impact pose on impact force and response of RC slabs. Construction & Building Materials, 2018, 160: 497-504.
[17] A Özgür, R T Erdem, E Kantar. Improving the impact behavior of pipes using geofoam layer for protection. International Journal of Pressure Vessels & Piping, 2015, s 132–133: 52-64.
[18] U E Ozturk, G Anlas. Energy absorption calculations in multiple compressive loading of polymeric foams. Materials & Design, 2009, 30 (1): 15-22.
[19] F Delhomme, M Mommessin, J P Mougin, et al. Simulation of a block impacting a reinforced concrete slab with a finite element model and a mass-spring system Engineering Structures, 2007, 29 (11): 2844-2852.
[20] T X YU, X M QIU. Impact dynamics. Beijing: Tsinghua University Press, 2011.
Author Information
  • Faculty of Geosciences and Environment Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China

  • Faculty of Geosciences and Environment Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China; Engineering Laboratory Combined with National and Local of Spatial Information Technology of High Speed Railway Operation Safety, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China

  • Faculty of Geosciences and Environment Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China

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  • APA Style

    Mei Xuefeng, Hu Xiewen, Wu Jianli. (2019). Research on the RC Panel Experiments with Cushion Layer Upon Rockfall Impact. American Journal of Mechanics and Applications, 7(3), 56-63. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14

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    ACS Style

    Mei Xuefeng; Hu Xiewen; Wu Jianli. Research on the RC Panel Experiments with Cushion Layer Upon Rockfall Impact. Am. J. Mech. Appl. 2019, 7(3), 56-63. doi: 10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14

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    AMA Style

    Mei Xuefeng, Hu Xiewen, Wu Jianli. Research on the RC Panel Experiments with Cushion Layer Upon Rockfall Impact. Am J Mech Appl. 2019;7(3):56-63. doi: 10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14,
      author = {Mei Xuefeng and Hu Xiewen and Wu Jianli},
      title = {Research on the RC Panel Experiments with Cushion Layer Upon Rockfall Impact},
      journal = {American Journal of Mechanics and Applications},
      volume = {7},
      number = {3},
      pages = {56-63},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajma.20190703.14},
      abstract = {Reinforced concrete (RC) panels are widely used in the prevention and control of rockfall disasters in mountainous areas. In order to avoid the rigid damage caused by rockfalls that directly impact RC panels, the energy dissipation layer is often added to cushion the impact of rockfalls. In order to study the dynamic response of RC panels to different cushion layers under impact, a series of rockfall tests are carried out based on outdoor test platform. At the same thickness, the maximum impact force of EPS and sand composite cushion reduces by 50% compared with that of sand cushion, and the impact contact time is obviously longer than that of sand. Under the same impact condition, the center position of EPS material is crushed and collapsed, and a large number of radial cracks occur. The composite cushion layer can effectively reduce the mid-span displacement of RC Panel. At the falling height of 3 m, 5 m and 7 m, respectively, the mid-span displacement of RC Panel decreases by 37% to 46%. When sand is used as the cushion layer, the visible cracks in the middle of RC span increase from the bottom to the top. At the falling height of 7 m, the strain rate of concrete ranges from 101 ms-1 to 102 ms-1, while the strain rate of Reinforced ranges from 102 ms-1 to 103m s-1. Therefore, EPS and sand composite cushion layer is superior to sand in terms of energy dissipation effect. Compared with large-scale cluster rockfall prevention, the composite cushion layer has more advantages in preventing and treating single rockfall because of its easy damage, high cost of maintenance and replacement.},
     year = {2019}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Research on the RC Panel Experiments with Cushion Layer Upon Rockfall Impact
    AU  - Mei Xuefeng
    AU  - Hu Xiewen
    AU  - Wu Jianli
    Y1  - 2019/11/18
    PY  - 2019
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14
    T2  - American Journal of Mechanics and Applications
    JF  - American Journal of Mechanics and Applications
    JO  - American Journal of Mechanics and Applications
    SP  - 56
    EP  - 63
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-6131
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajma.20190703.14
    AB  - Reinforced concrete (RC) panels are widely used in the prevention and control of rockfall disasters in mountainous areas. In order to avoid the rigid damage caused by rockfalls that directly impact RC panels, the energy dissipation layer is often added to cushion the impact of rockfalls. In order to study the dynamic response of RC panels to different cushion layers under impact, a series of rockfall tests are carried out based on outdoor test platform. At the same thickness, the maximum impact force of EPS and sand composite cushion reduces by 50% compared with that of sand cushion, and the impact contact time is obviously longer than that of sand. Under the same impact condition, the center position of EPS material is crushed and collapsed, and a large number of radial cracks occur. The composite cushion layer can effectively reduce the mid-span displacement of RC Panel. At the falling height of 3 m, 5 m and 7 m, respectively, the mid-span displacement of RC Panel decreases by 37% to 46%. When sand is used as the cushion layer, the visible cracks in the middle of RC span increase from the bottom to the top. At the falling height of 7 m, the strain rate of concrete ranges from 101 ms-1 to 102 ms-1, while the strain rate of Reinforced ranges from 102 ms-1 to 103m s-1. Therefore, EPS and sand composite cushion layer is superior to sand in terms of energy dissipation effect. Compared with large-scale cluster rockfall prevention, the composite cushion layer has more advantages in preventing and treating single rockfall because of its easy damage, high cost of maintenance and replacement.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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