American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience

| Peer-Reviewed |

Poor Medication Adherence, Being Unemployed and Substance Use as Correlates of Suicidal Plan in Diabetes Mellitus Patients, 2020

Received: 29 April 2020    Accepted: 26 May 2020    Published: 10 August 2020
Views:       Downloads:

Share This Article

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Suicidal behaviors are parts of the course of diabetes due to multiple burdens diabetes imposes on patient’s life. However, these areas are not well researched. So we assessed suicidal plan and the associated risk factors among Diabetes Mellitus patients in this study. METHOD: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in May, 2017. A pre tested, structured and standardized questionnaire was used to collect data. Systematic sampling was used to recruit 421 participants. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with outcomes. Odds ratio with 95%CI was computed and variables with a p-value of <0.05 in the final binary logistic regression model were declared as statistically significant predictors of suicidal plan. RESULTS: Four hundred twenty one patients included in our study with 96.3% response rate. Average age of the respondents was 38.0 (±13.9) years. The prevalence suicidal plan was 10.7%. Final regression model showed that being unemployed (AOR=3.59, 95% CI: 1.25, 10.89), poor medication adherence (AOR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.83, 8.15) and current use of substance (AOR=1.82, 95% CI (1.45, 4.24) were associated factors for suicidal plan. CONCLUSION: This study reached at a point that suicidal plan was high in diabetic patients. Being unemployed, poor medication adherence and current use of substance were associated factors for suicidal plan. Due consideration should be given for such public health issue in diabetes patients.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11
Published in American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience (Volume 8, Issue 3, September 2020)
Page(s) 40-45
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Suicide, Diabetes Mellitus, Metabolic Syndrome, Ethiopia

References
[1] Roupa Z, Koulouri A, Sotiropoulou P, Makrinika E, Marneras X, Lahana I, et al. Anxiety and depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, depending on sex and body mass index. Health Sci J. 2009; 3 (1): 32-40.
[2] Harrison TA, Hindorff LA, Kim H, Wines RC, Bowen DJ, McGrath BB, et al. Family history of diabetes as a potential public health tool. American journal of preventive medicine. 2003; 24 (2): 152-9.
[3] Guariguata L, Whiting DR, Hambleton I, Beagley J, Linnenkamp U, Shaw JE. Global estimates of diabetes prevalence for 2013 and projections for 2035. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2014; 103 (2): 137-49.
[4] Kruse J, Schmitz N, Thefeld W. On the association between diabetes and mental disorders in a community sample: results from the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey. Diabetes care. 2003; 26 (6): 1841-6.
[5] Chew B-H, Vos R, Mohd-Sidik S, Rutten GE. Diabetes-related distress, depression and distress-depression among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malaysia. PloS one. 2016; 11 (3): e0152095.
[6] Chaudhry R, Mishra P, Mishra J, Parminder S, Mishra B. Psychiatric morbidity among diabetic patients: A hospital-based study. Industrial psychiatry journal. 2010; 19 (1): 47.
[7] de Ornelas Maia ACC, de Azevedo Braga A, Brouwers A, Nardi AE, e Silva ACdO. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with diabetes types 1 and 2. Comprehensive psychiatry. 2012; 53 (8): 1169-73.
[8] Apter A. Suicide and suicidal behavior. Public health reviews. 2012; 34 (2): 1.
[9] Roy A, Roy M, Janal M. Suicide attempts and ideation in African-American type 1 diabetic patients. Psychiatry research. 2010; 179 (1): 53-6.
[10] Myers AK, Grannemann BD, Lingvay I, Trivedi MH. Brief report: depression and history of suicide attempts in adults with new-onset Type 2 Diabetes. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2013; 38 (11): 2810-4.
[11] Pompili M, Lester D, Innamorati M, De Pisa E, Amore M, Ferrara C, et al. Quality of life and suicide risk in patients with diabetes mellitus. Psychosomatics. 2009; 50 (1): 16-23.
[12] Löfman S, Hakko H, Mainio A, Timonen M, Räsänen P. Characteristics of suicide among diabetes patients: a population based study of suicide victims in Northern Finland. Journal of psychosomatic research. 2012; 73 (4): 268-71.
[13] Brownlee C. Depression and Diabetes Are Fellow Travelers, Researchers Say. The JHU Gazette. 2008; 37 (40): 1-2.
[14] Ali S, Stone M, Peters J, Davies M, Khunti K. The prevalence of co‐morbid depression in adults with Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta‐analysis. Diabetic Medicine. 2006; 23 (11): 1165-73.
[15] Fuller-Thomson E, Sawyer J-L. Lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation in a representative sample of Canadians with type 1 diabetes. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2009; 83 (1): e9-e11.
[16] Organization WH. Preventing suicide: a global imperative: World Health Organization; 2014.
[17] Mars B, Burrows S, Hjelmeland H, Gunnell D. Suicidal behaviour across the African continent: a review of the literature. BMC Public Health. 2014; 14 (1): 606.
[18] Fekadu A, Medhin G, Selamu M, Shiferaw T, Hailemariam M, Rathod SD, et al. Non-fatal suicidal behaviour in rural Ethiopia: a cross-sectional facility-and population-based study. BMC psychiatry. 2016; 16 (1): 75.
[19] Goldston DB, Kovacs M, Ho VY, Parrone PL, Stiffler L. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among youth with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 1994; 33 (2): 240-6.
[20] Goodwin RD, Kroenke K, Hoven CW, Spitzer RL. Major depression, physical illness, and suicidal ideation in primary care. Psychosomatic Medicine. 2003; 65 (4): 501-5.
[21] Han SJ, Kim HJ, Choi YJ, Lee KW, Kim DJ. Increased risk of suicidal ideation in Korean adults with both diabetes and depression. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2013; 101 (3): e14-e7.
[22] Goldston DB, Kelley AE, Reboussin DM, Daniel SS, Smith JA, Schwartz RP, et al. Suicidal ideation and behavior and noncompliance with the medical regimen among diabetic adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 1997; 36 (11): 1528-36.
[23] Parra-Uribe I, Blasco-Fontecilla H. Risk of re-attempts and suicide death after a suicide attempt: A survival analysis. 2017; 17 (1): 163.
[24] Turecki G, Brent DA. Suicide and suicidal behaviour. Lancet. 2016; 387 (10024): 1227-39.
[25] Walle F, Kebede N, Tsegaye A, Kassa T. Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasmosis in HIV infected and non-infected individuals in Bahir Dar, Northwest Ethiopia. Parasites & vectors. 2013; 6 (1): 15.
[26] Al-Qazaz HK, Hassali MA, Shafie AA, Sulaiman SA, Sundram S, Morisky DE. The eight-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale MMAS: translation and validation of the Malaysian version. Diabetes research and clinical practice. 2010; 90 (2): 216-21.
[27] Abebe SM, Berhane Y, Worku A. Barriers to diabetes medication adherence in North West Ethiopia. SpringerPlus. 2014; 3 (1): 195.
[28] Abebe SM, Berhane Y, Worku A, Alemu S, Mesfin N. Level of sustained glycemic control and associated factors among patients with diabetes mellitus in Ethiopia: a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity: targets and therapy. 2015; 8: 65.
[29] de Oliveira-Filho AD, Morisky DE, Neves SJF, Costa FA, de Lyra DP. The 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale: validation of a Brazilian–Portuguese version in hypertensive adults. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy. 2014; 10 (3): 554-61.
[30] Abiola T, Udofia O, Zakari M. Psychometric properties of the 3-item oslo social support scale among clinical students of Bayero University Kano, Nigeria. Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry. 2013; 22 (2): 32-41.
[31] Igwe M, Uwakwe R, Ahanotu C, Onyeama G, Bakare M, Ndukuba A. Factors associated with depression and suicide among patients with diabetes mellitus and essential hypertension in a Nigerian teaching hospital. African health sciences. 2013; 13 (1): 68-77.
[32] Goodwin RD, Marusic A, Hoven CW. Diabetes and suicidal ideation among youth in the community. Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine. 2002; 156 (8): 841.
[33] Druss B, Pincus H. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in general medical illnesses. Archives of internal medicine. 2000; 160 (10): 1522-6.
[34] Radobuljac MD, Bratina NU, Battelino T, Tomori M. Lifetime prevalence of suicidal and self‐injurious behaviors in a representative cohort of Slovenian adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Pediatric diabetes. 2009; 10 (7): 424-31.
[35] Pompili M, Forte A, Lester D, Erbuto D, Rovedi F, Innamorati M, et al. Suicide risk in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review. Journal of psychosomatic research. 2014; 76 (5): 352-60.
[36] Kamali M, Oquendo MA, Mann JJ. Understanding the neurobiology of suicidal behavior. Depression and anxiety. 2001; 14 (3): 164-76.
[37] Menninger KA. Man against himself. Psychohistory Review. 1985.
Author Information
  • Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia

  • Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia

  • Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia

Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Mogesie Necho, Mekonnen Tsehay, Asmare Belete. (2020). Poor Medication Adherence, Being Unemployed and Substance Use as Correlates of Suicidal Plan in Diabetes Mellitus Patients, 2020. American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 8(3), 40-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Mogesie Necho; Mekonnen Tsehay; Asmare Belete. Poor Medication Adherence, Being Unemployed and Substance Use as Correlates of Suicidal Plan in Diabetes Mellitus Patients, 2020. Am. J. Psychiatry Neurosci. 2020, 8(3), 40-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Mogesie Necho, Mekonnen Tsehay, Asmare Belete. Poor Medication Adherence, Being Unemployed and Substance Use as Correlates of Suicidal Plan in Diabetes Mellitus Patients, 2020. Am J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2020;8(3):40-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11,
      author = {Mogesie Necho and Mekonnen Tsehay and Asmare Belete},
      title = {Poor Medication Adherence, Being Unemployed and Substance Use as Correlates of Suicidal Plan in Diabetes Mellitus Patients, 2020},
      journal = {American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience},
      volume = {8},
      number = {3},
      pages = {40-45},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajpn.20200803.11},
      abstract = {BACKGROUND: Suicidal behaviors are parts of the course of diabetes due to multiple burdens diabetes imposes on patient’s life. However, these areas are not well researched. So we assessed suicidal plan and the associated risk factors among Diabetes Mellitus patients in this study. METHOD: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in May, 2017. A pre tested, structured and standardized questionnaire was used to collect data. Systematic sampling was used to recruit 421 participants. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with outcomes. Odds ratio with 95%CI was computed and variables with a p-value of <0.05 in the final binary logistic regression model were declared as statistically significant predictors of suicidal plan. RESULTS: Four hundred twenty one patients included in our study with 96.3% response rate. Average age of the respondents was 38.0 (±13.9) years. The prevalence suicidal plan was 10.7%. Final regression model showed that being unemployed (AOR=3.59, 95% CI: 1.25, 10.89), poor medication adherence (AOR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.83, 8.15) and current use of substance (AOR=1.82, 95% CI (1.45, 4.24) were associated factors for suicidal plan. CONCLUSION: This study reached at a point that suicidal plan was high in diabetic patients. Being unemployed, poor medication adherence and current use of substance were associated factors for suicidal plan. Due consideration should be given for such public health issue in diabetes patients.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Poor Medication Adherence, Being Unemployed and Substance Use as Correlates of Suicidal Plan in Diabetes Mellitus Patients, 2020
    AU  - Mogesie Necho
    AU  - Mekonnen Tsehay
    AU  - Asmare Belete
    Y1  - 2020/08/10
    PY  - 2020
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11
    T2  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
    JF  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
    JO  - American Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience
    SP  - 40
    EP  - 45
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-426X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajpn.20200803.11
    AB  - BACKGROUND: Suicidal behaviors are parts of the course of diabetes due to multiple burdens diabetes imposes on patient’s life. However, these areas are not well researched. So we assessed suicidal plan and the associated risk factors among Diabetes Mellitus patients in this study. METHOD: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted in May, 2017. A pre tested, structured and standardized questionnaire was used to collect data. Systematic sampling was used to recruit 421 participants. Binary logistic regression was employed to identify factors associated with outcomes. Odds ratio with 95%CI was computed and variables with a p-value of <0.05 in the final binary logistic regression model were declared as statistically significant predictors of suicidal plan. RESULTS: Four hundred twenty one patients included in our study with 96.3% response rate. Average age of the respondents was 38.0 (±13.9) years. The prevalence suicidal plan was 10.7%. Final regression model showed that being unemployed (AOR=3.59, 95% CI: 1.25, 10.89), poor medication adherence (AOR=2.43, 95% CI: 1.83, 8.15) and current use of substance (AOR=1.82, 95% CI (1.45, 4.24) were associated factors for suicidal plan. CONCLUSION: This study reached at a point that suicidal plan was high in diabetic patients. Being unemployed, poor medication adherence and current use of substance were associated factors for suicidal plan. Due consideration should be given for such public health issue in diabetes patients.
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

  • Sections