American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences

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mecA Gene Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Received: 20 March 2016    Accepted: 30 March 2016    Published: 13 May 2016
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Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus strains are responsible for a range of acute to chronic infections in humans and other animals. There is scanty information about the genetic background of S. aureus strains in Rivers State, Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of MRSA among S. aureus isolates as well as detect the presence of mecA gene among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Two hundred and five (205) non duplicate Staphylococcus aureus previously isolated from human sources were randomly collected from three health facilities- University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital and De-Integrated Laboratories- all located in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, for this study from August, 2012 to July, 2013. Isolates were grouped as hospital in-patient (Hospital-acquired – Nosocomial; n = 76) and out-patient cases (community-acquired; n = 129). Isolates were reconfirmed following standard laboratory protocols and stored in duplicate - one set at +4°C (for phenotypic detection of MRSA) and another set at -70°C for molecular analysis. Using the disk diffusion method, detection of MRSA was carried out with 1μg of oxacillin (OXOID) placed on Mueller-Hinton agar with 4% NaCl supplementation). Molecular Analyses were carried out on all ORSA strains as follows- Bacterial genomic DNA extraction and PCR amplification for detection of 16S rRNA and mecA genes. Amplified products were analyzed using 2.0% agarose gel electrophoresis and subsequently visualized on a UV trans-illuminator. About twelve percent (12.2%) of the 205 Staphylococcus aureus studied were resistant to oxacillin. MRSA detection was significantly higher in in-patient isolates (23.7% of 76) than out-patient (5.4% of 129) S. aureus (p = 0.00031). Urine samples accounted for majority of the isolates (52 of 205) but MRSA detection was highest in Wound swabs (9 of 48 isolates. Of the 25 MRSA, mecA gene was detected in 17, being significantly higher in in-patient MRSA (14) than out-patient MRSA (3) (p<0-05). This study has established the presence of the methicillin resistance encoding gene- mecA, among MRSA isolates in Port Harcourt and that this gene is largely responsible for the MRSA phenotype. Study further establishes that these MRSA are more frequent in the Hospital environment. Further studies on molecular epidemiology of S. aureus are recommended in this region. Improved infection control measures in the healthcare facilities as well as sustained surveillance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in this region are also advocated.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14
Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 4, Issue 3, June 2016)
Page(s) 41-48
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, mecA Gene

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

  • Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University of Science and Technology, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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    Easter Godwin Nwokah, Samuel Douglas Abbey, Confidence Kinikanwo Wachukwu. (2016). mecA Gene Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 4(3), 41-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14

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    Easter Godwin Nwokah; Samuel Douglas Abbey; Confidence Kinikanwo Wachukwu. mecA Gene Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2016, 4(3), 41-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14

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    AMA Style

    Easter Godwin Nwokah, Samuel Douglas Abbey, Confidence Kinikanwo Wachukwu. mecA Gene Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2016;4(3):41-48. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14,
      author = {Easter Godwin Nwokah and Samuel Douglas Abbey and Confidence Kinikanwo Wachukwu},
      title = {mecA Gene Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria},
      journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3},
      pages = {41-48},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20160403.14},
      abstract = {Staphylococcus aureus strains are responsible for a range of acute to chronic infections in humans and other animals. There is scanty information about the genetic background of S. aureus strains in Rivers State, Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of MRSA among S. aureus isolates as well as detect the presence of mecA gene among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Two hundred and five (205) non duplicate Staphylococcus aureus previously isolated from human sources were randomly collected from three health facilities- University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital and De-Integrated Laboratories- all located in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, for this study from August, 2012 to July, 2013. Isolates were grouped as hospital in-patient (Hospital-acquired – Nosocomial; n = 76) and out-patient cases (community-acquired; n = 129). Isolates were reconfirmed following standard laboratory protocols and stored in duplicate - one set at +4°C (for phenotypic detection of MRSA) and another set at -70°C for molecular analysis. Using the disk diffusion method, detection of MRSA was carried out with 1μg of oxacillin (OXOID) placed on Mueller-Hinton agar with 4% NaCl supplementation). Molecular Analyses were carried out on all ORSA strains as follows- Bacterial genomic DNA extraction and PCR amplification for detection of 16S rRNA and mecA genes. Amplified products were analyzed using 2.0% agarose gel electrophoresis and subsequently visualized on a UV trans-illuminator. About twelve percent (12.2%) of the 205 Staphylococcus aureus studied were resistant to oxacillin. MRSA detection was significantly higher in in-patient isolates (23.7% of 76) than out-patient (5.4% of 129) S. aureus (p = 0.00031). Urine samples accounted for majority of the isolates (52 of 205) but MRSA detection was highest in Wound swabs (9 of 48 isolates. Of the 25 MRSA, mecA gene was detected in 17, being significantly higher in in-patient MRSA (14) than out-patient MRSA (3) (pmecA, among MRSA isolates in Port Harcourt and that this gene is largely responsible for the MRSA phenotype. Study further establishes that these MRSA are more frequent in the Hospital environment. Further studies on molecular epidemiology of S. aureus are recommended in this region. Improved infection control measures in the healthcare facilities as well as sustained surveillance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in this region are also advocated.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - mecA Gene Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Clinical Sources in Port Harcourt, Nigeria
    AU  - Easter Godwin Nwokah
    AU  - Samuel Douglas Abbey
    AU  - Confidence Kinikanwo Wachukwu
    Y1  - 2016/05/13
    PY  - 2016
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14
    T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-880X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20160403.14
    AB  - Staphylococcus aureus strains are responsible for a range of acute to chronic infections in humans and other animals. There is scanty information about the genetic background of S. aureus strains in Rivers State, Nigeria. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of MRSA among S. aureus isolates as well as detect the presence of mecA gene among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Two hundred and five (205) non duplicate Staphylococcus aureus previously isolated from human sources were randomly collected from three health facilities- University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Braithwaite Memorial Specialist Hospital and De-Integrated Laboratories- all located in Port Harcourt, Nigeria, for this study from August, 2012 to July, 2013. Isolates were grouped as hospital in-patient (Hospital-acquired – Nosocomial; n = 76) and out-patient cases (community-acquired; n = 129). Isolates were reconfirmed following standard laboratory protocols and stored in duplicate - one set at +4°C (for phenotypic detection of MRSA) and another set at -70°C for molecular analysis. Using the disk diffusion method, detection of MRSA was carried out with 1μg of oxacillin (OXOID) placed on Mueller-Hinton agar with 4% NaCl supplementation). Molecular Analyses were carried out on all ORSA strains as follows- Bacterial genomic DNA extraction and PCR amplification for detection of 16S rRNA and mecA genes. Amplified products were analyzed using 2.0% agarose gel electrophoresis and subsequently visualized on a UV trans-illuminator. About twelve percent (12.2%) of the 205 Staphylococcus aureus studied were resistant to oxacillin. MRSA detection was significantly higher in in-patient isolates (23.7% of 76) than out-patient (5.4% of 129) S. aureus (p = 0.00031). Urine samples accounted for majority of the isolates (52 of 205) but MRSA detection was highest in Wound swabs (9 of 48 isolates. Of the 25 MRSA, mecA gene was detected in 17, being significantly higher in in-patient MRSA (14) than out-patient MRSA (3) (pmecA, among MRSA isolates in Port Harcourt and that this gene is largely responsible for the MRSA phenotype. Study further establishes that these MRSA are more frequent in the Hospital environment. Further studies on molecular epidemiology of S. aureus are recommended in this region. Improved infection control measures in the healthcare facilities as well as sustained surveillance of methicillin-resistant S. aureus in this region are also advocated.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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