American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences

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Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria

Received: 10 August 2018    Accepted: 21 September 2018    Published: 25 October 2018
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Abstract

In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
Published in American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 4, August 2018)
Page(s) 90-95
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Cesarean Sites, Staphylococcus Aureus, Antibiotics, Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile

References
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[2] S. Madhavi, and S. S. Parveen, “Bacteriological Profile and Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Wound Infection,” Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci, vol. 4, pp.248-254, 2015.
[3] T. C. Horan, R. P. Gaynes, W. J. Martone, W. R. Jarvis, T. G. Emori, “CDC definitions of noscomial surgical site infections: a modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections,” Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol, vol.13, pp. 606-608, 1992.
[4] T. Yoshio, K. Shinya, M. Hiroshige, S. Junko, W. Akira, K. Hiroshi, I. Satoshi, K. Mitsuo, H. Hideaki, S. Yoshinobu, K. Yuko, M. Toru, A. Yoshiyasu, K. Masafumi, I. Keiichiro, M. Akihisa, H. Kazuo, H. Yasushi, O. Koji, S. Koji, H. Takuo, M. Koshi, M. Yoichi, K. Minako, K. Shoji, U. Kazuhisa, S. Junzo, K. Ryohei, O. Hiroki, A. Shinji, O. Masaaki, W. Katsunori, O. Kohji, Y. Katsunori, “Antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens isolated from surgical site infections in Japan: Comparison of data from nationwide surveillance studies conducted in 2010 and 2014 – 2015,” J Infect Chemother, vol. 23, pp. 339-348, 2017.
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[11] A. P. Betrán, M. Merialdi, J. A. Lauer, W. Bing‐Shun, J. Thomas, P. Van Look, M. Wagner, “Rates of caesarean section: analysis of global, regional and national estimates,” . Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol, vol. 21, pp. 98-113, 2007.
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Author Information
  • Department of Public Health, Institute of Federal Capital Territory Administration, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Department of Research, Federal Ministry of Health Institute, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

  • Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

  • Department of Biological Science, Cross River University of Technology, Calabar, Nigeria

  • Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria

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    Egbe Friday Andrew, Unam Nse Friday, Egbe Kingsley Andrew, Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah, Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. (2018). Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences, 6(4), 90-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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    ACS Style

    Egbe Friday Andrew; Unam Nse Friday; Egbe Kingsley Andrew; Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah; Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. Am. J. Biomed. Life Sci. 2018, 6(4), 90-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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    AMA Style

    Egbe Friday Andrew, Unam Nse Friday, Egbe Kingsley Andrew, Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah, Ekwom Edith Silas, et al. Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria. Am J Biomed Life Sci. 2018;6(4):90-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15,
      author = {Egbe Friday Andrew and Unam Nse Friday and Egbe Kingsley Andrew and Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah and Ekwom Edith Silas and Unah Victor Unah},
      title = {Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria},
      journal = {American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences},
      volume = {6},
      number = {4},
      pages = {90-95},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajbls.20180604.15},
      abstract = {In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.},
     year = {2018}
    }
    

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    T1  - Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Bacterial Isolates from Infected Caesarean Sites in Three Federal Capital Territory Hospitals, Abuja Nigeria
    AU  - Egbe Friday Andrew
    AU  - Unam Nse Friday
    AU  - Egbe Kingsley Andrew
    AU  - Lerum Nathaniel Isaiah
    AU  - Ekwom Edith Silas
    AU  - Unah Victor Unah
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
    T2  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    JF  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
    JO  - American Journal of Biomedical and Life Sciences
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    EP  - 95
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-880X
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajbls.20180604.15
    AB  - In Nigeria, delivery by caesarean section which was once a dreaded event due in part to possible complications, fear and cost implications has over the past few years gain acceptance especially among the urban dwellers, as more women and doctors opt for caesarean delivery, resulting to increase in incidence of caesarean site infections. A total of one hundred and ninety four (194) caesarean sites of women who have undergone caesarean section delivery in three federal capital territory hospitals with signs of infection were screened for bacterial infection between September, 2017 and July 2018. Specimens were collected using sterile cotton swab and processed using standard operative procedures in appropriate culture media and susceptibility test was done using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique. The result showed that forty six (46) out of the total (194) were found to be infected. This represented a 23.71% infection rate. The infection was polymicrobial in nature with various bacterial species such as; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp, isolated. The single most commonly infecting organism was found to be Escherichia coli which had been isolated from 13(28.26%) samples, followed by Staphylococcus aureus 10(21.74%), Staphylococcus epidermidis 8(17.39%), Enterobacter spp 6(13.04), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4(8.70%), Klebsiella spp 3(6.52%), and Proteus spp 2(4.35%) respectively. One hundred percent (100%) resistance to tetracycline and amoxicillin was recorded mostly from gram negative organisms while ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, cefalexin and cefuroxime exhibited significant antibacterial activity against the isolated pathogens and therefore recommended for consideration in cases of caesarean infection.
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