American Journal of Health Research

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Ecological Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients’ – A Case Study of Karachi

Received: 13 March 2016    Accepted: 05 April 2016    Published: 04 May 2016
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Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in Karachi, Pakistan, and even with the discovery of other infectious diseases no significant change is evident in its epidemiological profile while analyzing spatio-temporal incidence. There are significant evidences to support the fact that poverty is the main cause of TB. A number of scholarly analyses have documented associations among patients’ characteristics e.g. sex, age group, social, economic and ecological factors .The purpose of the present study is to investigate pattern of patients’ histories regarding recently and previously infected family members because people of the study area have revealed very serious concerns regarding their family members, especially their parent. In addition, the study has identified the more affected age groups and its relationship with income variations among the patients. Eleven selected variables have been employed in the present study for analysis on the basis of data having been compiled through structured and open–ended questionnaires conducted among TB patients at diagnostic centers. An insight into the variables reveals that lopsided, income distribution is of major significance in the purview of socioeconomic factors and is categorically responsible for the spread of tuberculosis in Karachi. The results of the present study can serve as a guideline for city authorities to improve living conditions and quality of life in the city as a whole especially in the down town areas.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11
Published in American Journal of Health Research (Volume 4, Issue 3, May 2016)
Page(s) 39-45
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tuberculosis, Karachi, Medical Geography, Urban Ecology, Family History

References
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Author Information
  • Department of Geography, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan

  • Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Bahria University, Karachi Campus, Pakistan

  • Department of Geography, University of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan

  • Department of Geography, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan

  • DAWNGIS-Geospatial, Statistical, Research & Analysis Division, Dawn Media Group, Pakistan

  • Provincial Tuberculosis Control Program, Sindh, Pakistan

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  • APA Style

    Farkhunda Burke, Salma Hamza, Muhammad Miandad, Imran Khan, Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda, et al. (2016). Ecological Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients’ – A Case Study of Karachi. American Journal of Health Research, 4(3), 39-45. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11

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    ACS Style

    Farkhunda Burke; Salma Hamza; Muhammad Miandad; Imran Khan; Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda, et al. Ecological Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients’ – A Case Study of Karachi. Am. J. Health Res. 2016, 4(3), 39-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11

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    AMA Style

    Farkhunda Burke, Salma Hamza, Muhammad Miandad, Imran Khan, Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda, et al. Ecological Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients’ – A Case Study of Karachi. Am J Health Res. 2016;4(3):39-45. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11,
      author = {Farkhunda Burke and Salma Hamza and Muhammad Miandad and Imran Khan and Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda and S. Ghulam Abbas Naqvi},
      title = {Ecological Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients’ – A Case Study of Karachi},
      journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
      volume = {4},
      number = {3},
      pages = {39-45},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20160403.11},
      abstract = {Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in Karachi, Pakistan, and even with the discovery of other infectious diseases no significant change is evident in its epidemiological profile while analyzing spatio-temporal incidence. There are significant evidences to support the fact that poverty is the main cause of TB. A number of scholarly analyses have documented associations among patients’ characteristics e.g. sex, age group, social, economic and ecological factors .The purpose of the present study is to investigate pattern of patients’ histories regarding recently and previously infected family members because people of the study area have revealed very serious concerns regarding their family members, especially their parent. In addition, the study has identified the more affected age groups and its relationship with income variations among the patients. Eleven selected variables have been employed in the present study for analysis on the basis of data having been compiled through structured and open–ended questionnaires conducted among TB patients at diagnostic centers. An insight into the variables reveals that lopsided, income distribution is of major significance in the purview of socioeconomic factors and is categorically responsible for the spread of tuberculosis in Karachi. The results of the present study can serve as a guideline for city authorities to improve living conditions and quality of life in the city as a whole especially in the down town areas.},
     year = {2016}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Ecological Analysis of Tuberculosis Patients’ – A Case Study of Karachi
    AU  - Farkhunda Burke
    AU  - Salma Hamza
    AU  - Muhammad Miandad
    AU  - Imran Khan
    AU  - Syed Nawaz-ul-Huda
    AU  - S. Ghulam Abbas Naqvi
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11
    T2  - American Journal of Health Research
    JF  - American Journal of Health Research
    JO  - American Journal of Health Research
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    EP  - 45
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8796
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20160403.11
    AB  - Tuberculosis (TB) is endemic in Karachi, Pakistan, and even with the discovery of other infectious diseases no significant change is evident in its epidemiological profile while analyzing spatio-temporal incidence. There are significant evidences to support the fact that poverty is the main cause of TB. A number of scholarly analyses have documented associations among patients’ characteristics e.g. sex, age group, social, economic and ecological factors .The purpose of the present study is to investigate pattern of patients’ histories regarding recently and previously infected family members because people of the study area have revealed very serious concerns regarding their family members, especially their parent. In addition, the study has identified the more affected age groups and its relationship with income variations among the patients. Eleven selected variables have been employed in the present study for analysis on the basis of data having been compiled through structured and open–ended questionnaires conducted among TB patients at diagnostic centers. An insight into the variables reveals that lopsided, income distribution is of major significance in the purview of socioeconomic factors and is categorically responsible for the spread of tuberculosis in Karachi. The results of the present study can serve as a guideline for city authorities to improve living conditions and quality of life in the city as a whole especially in the down town areas.
    VL  - 4
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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