A total of forty (40) male wistar rats randomly divided into four groups of ten (10) rats per group were used for this work. Group 1 served as the control and was treated with distilled water, group 2 was the low dose group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 5minutes daily), group 3 was the high dose group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 10minutes daily) and group 4 was the high dose + ascorbic acid group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 10 minutes and orally gavaged with ascorbic acid at 2.8mg/kg body weight daily). The rats were weighed weekly and the administration lasted for 28days. The animals were sacrificed on the 29th day and blood was collected by means of cardiac puncture. Serum was obtained for hormonal assay. The result showed a significant increase in the body weight (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to low dose and high dose + ascorbic acid group, while the control group recorded the least body weight gained. There was significant decrease in testicular weight (p>0.05) in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Prolactin level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to the other groups. Estradiol level was significantly decreased (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to the other groups. Testosterone level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose + ascorbic acid group compared to the other groups. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose and high dose + ascorbic acid group compared to the other two groups. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) level increased significantly (p>0.05) in the control and high dose groups compared to the other two groups. From this result, it can therefore be concluded that cannabis sativa decreases testicular weight, estradiol and testosterone level and increases body weight, FSH, LH and prolactin level in male wistar rats. Also that ascorbic acid (vitamin c) was able to ameliorate some of these effects.
| Published in | American Journal of Health Research (Volume 7, Issue 1) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11 |
| Page(s) | 1-7 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Cannabis Sativa, Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C), Antioxidant, Oxidative Stress, Antifertility
| [1] | NIDA: National Institute on Drug Abuse, (2016). NIH. NIDA Info Facts: Marijuana NIDA publications. http://www.nida.nih.gov/infofacts/marijuana.html. |
| [2] | UNODC: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime Annual report 2008 (2008). Drugs, crime and terrorism cited from https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/data. |
| [3] | Baggio, S., Deline, S., Studer, J., Mohler-Kuo, M., Daeppen, J. B. and Gmel, G. (2014). Routes of administration of cannabis used for nonmedical purposes and associations with patterns of drug use. Journal Adolescent Health. 54: 235-240. |
| [4] | Bhattacharyya, S., Morrison, P.D., Fusar-Poli, P., Martin-Santos, R., Borgwardt, S., Winton-Brown, T., Nosarti, C., O' Carroll, C.M., Seal, M., Allen, P., Mehta, M.A., Stone, J.M., Tunstall, N., Giampietro, V., Kapur, S., Murray, R.M., Zuardi, A.W., Crippa, J.A., Atakan, Z. and McGuire, P.K. (2010). Opposite effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on human brain function and psychopathology. Neuropsychopharmacology, 35 (3): 764-774. |
| [5] | Devane, W., Dysarz, F., Johnson, M., Melvin, L. and Howlett, A. (1988) Determination and characterization of a cannabinoid receptor in rat brain. Molecular Pharmacology.34: 605–613. |
| [6] | Munro, S., Thomas, K. and Abu-Shaar, M. (1993). Molecular characterization of a peripheral receptor for cannabinoids. Nature.365: 61–65. |
| [7] | Russo, E. and Guy, G. (2006). A tale of two cannabinoids: the therapeutic rationale for combining tetrahydrocannabinol andcannabidiol. Medical Hypotheses. 66: 234–246. |
| [8] | Pagotto, U., Marsicano, G., Cota, D., Lutz, B. and Pasquali, R. (2006). The emerging role of the endocannabinoid system in endocrine regulation and energy balance. Endocrine Reviews.27: 73–100. |
| [9] | Pertwee, R. (2006). The pharmacology of cannabinoid receptors and their ligands: an overview. International Journal of Obesity(London). 30: S13–S18. |
| [10] | Izzo, A. (2004) Cannabinoids and intestinal motility: welcome to CB2 receptors. British Journal of Pharmacology. 142: 1201–1202. |
| [11] | Brown, T. T. and Dobs, A. S. (2002). Endocrine effects of marijuana. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 42(11 Supplement):90S–96S. |
| [12] | Hsiao, P. and Clavijo, R. I. (2018). Adverse Effects of Cannabis on Male Reproduction. European UrologyFocus. |
| [13] | World Drug Report 2017. https://www.unodc.org/wdr2017/index. html (accessed September 30, 2018). |
| [14] | Johnston, L., O'Malley, P. M., Bachman, J. G. andSchulenberg, J. E. (2008). Monitoring the Future national surveyresults on drug use 1975–2007 Volume I: Secondary school students NIH publication no.08-6418A. Bethesda, Maryland: National Institute on Drug Abuse, U.S. Dept. of Health andHuman Services, National Institutes of Health. |
| [15] | Hacışevki, A. (2009). An overview of ascorbic acid biochemistry. Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy. 38(3):233-255. |
| [16] | Cerutti, P. A. (1985). Prooxidant states and tumor promotion. Science. 227: 375–381. |
| [17] | DeMorrow, S., Francis, H., Gaudio, E., Ueno, Y., Venter, J., Onori, P. and Franchitto, A. (2008). Anandamideinhibits cholangiocyte hyperplastic proliferation via activation of thioredoxin 1/redox factor 1 andAP-1 activation. American Journal of Physiology- Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology. 294:G506–519. |
| [18] | Reuter, S., Gupta, S. C., Chaturvedi, M. M. and Aggarwal, B. B. (2010). Oxidative stress, inflammation, and cancer: How are they linked? Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 49(11): 1603-1616. |
| [19] | Vemuri, V. K., Janero, D. R. and Makriyannis, A. (2008). Pharmacotherapeutic targeting ofthe endocannabinoid signalingsystem: drugs for obesity and themetabolic syndrome. Physiology andBehaviour. 93:671–686. |
| [20] | University of Washington. Marijuana. (2008). Sciencebasedinformation for the public.Locatedat:http://adai.washington.edu/marijuana/factsheets/appetite.html. |
| [21] | Kirkham, T. (2008). Endocannabinoids andthe neurochemistry of gluttony. Journal of Neuroendocrinology. 20: 1099–1100. |
| [22] | Harclerode, J., Nyquist, S. E., Nazar, B. and Lowe, D. (1978). Effects of cannabison sex hormones and testicular enzymes of the rodent. Advances in Bioscience. 22–23:395–405. |
| [23] | [Sugiura, T., Kondo, S., Sukagawa, A., Nakane, S., Shinoda, A., Itoh, K.,Yamashita, A. and Waku, K.(1995). 2-Arachidonoylglycerol: a possibleendogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand in brain. Biochemical and BiophysicalResearch Communication.215:889–897. |
| [24] | Okon, U. A. and Utuk, I. I. (2016). Ascorbic acid treatment elevates follicle stimulating hormone and testosterone plasma levels and enhances sperm quality in albino Wistar rats. Nigerian Medical Journal. 57(1): 31-36. |
| [25] | Daley, J. D., Branda, L. A., Rosenfeld, J. and Younglai, E. V. (1974). Increase of serum prolactin in male rats by (−)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. Journal of Endocrinology. 63:415–416. |
APA Style
Udokang Nsikak Ephraim, Udom Utibe Godwin. (2019). Antifertility Effect of Inhaled Cannabis Sativa on Male Wistar Rats. American Journal of Health Research, 7(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11
ACS Style
Udokang Nsikak Ephraim; Udom Utibe Godwin. Antifertility Effect of Inhaled Cannabis Sativa on Male Wistar Rats. Am. J. Health Res. 2019, 7(1), 1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11
AMA Style
Udokang Nsikak Ephraim, Udom Utibe Godwin. Antifertility Effect of Inhaled Cannabis Sativa on Male Wistar Rats. Am J Health Res. 2019;7(1):1-7. doi: 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11,
author = {Udokang Nsikak Ephraim and Udom Utibe Godwin},
title = {Antifertility Effect of Inhaled Cannabis Sativa on Male Wistar Rats},
journal = {American Journal of Health Research},
volume = {7},
number = {1},
pages = {1-7},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajhr.20190701.11},
abstract = {A total of forty (40) male wistar rats randomly divided into four groups of ten (10) rats per group were used for this work. Group 1 served as the control and was treated with distilled water, group 2 was the low dose group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 5minutes daily), group 3 was the high dose group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 10minutes daily) and group 4 was the high dose + ascorbic acid group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 10 minutes and orally gavaged with ascorbic acid at 2.8mg/kg body weight daily). The rats were weighed weekly and the administration lasted for 28days. The animals were sacrificed on the 29th day and blood was collected by means of cardiac puncture. Serum was obtained for hormonal assay. The result showed a significant increase in the body weight (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to low dose and high dose + ascorbic acid group, while the control group recorded the least body weight gained. There was significant decrease in testicular weight (p>0.05) in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Prolactin level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to the other groups. Estradiol level was significantly decreased (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to the other groups. Testosterone level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose + ascorbic acid group compared to the other groups. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose and high dose + ascorbic acid group compared to the other two groups. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) level increased significantly (p>0.05) in the control and high dose groups compared to the other two groups. From this result, it can therefore be concluded that cannabis sativa decreases testicular weight, estradiol and testosterone level and increases body weight, FSH, LH and prolactin level in male wistar rats. Also that ascorbic acid (vitamin c) was able to ameliorate some of these effects.},
year = {2019}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Antifertility Effect of Inhaled Cannabis Sativa on Male Wistar Rats AU - Udokang Nsikak Ephraim AU - Udom Utibe Godwin Y1 - 2019/01/29 PY - 2019 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11 DO - 10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11 T2 - American Journal of Health Research JF - American Journal of Health Research JO - American Journal of Health Research SP - 1 EP - 7 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2330-8796 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajhr.20190701.11 AB - A total of forty (40) male wistar rats randomly divided into four groups of ten (10) rats per group were used for this work. Group 1 served as the control and was treated with distilled water, group 2 was the low dose group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 5minutes daily), group 3 was the high dose group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 10minutes daily) and group 4 was the high dose + ascorbic acid group (exposed to cannabis smoke for 10 minutes and orally gavaged with ascorbic acid at 2.8mg/kg body weight daily). The rats were weighed weekly and the administration lasted for 28days. The animals were sacrificed on the 29th day and blood was collected by means of cardiac puncture. Serum was obtained for hormonal assay. The result showed a significant increase in the body weight (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to low dose and high dose + ascorbic acid group, while the control group recorded the least body weight gained. There was significant decrease in testicular weight (p>0.05) in the experimental groups compared to the control group. Prolactin level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to the other groups. Estradiol level was significantly decreased (p>0.05) in the high dose group compared to the other groups. Testosterone level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose + ascorbic acid group compared to the other groups. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) level was significantly increased (p>0.05) in the high dose and high dose + ascorbic acid group compared to the other two groups. Luteinizing Hormone (LH) level increased significantly (p>0.05) in the control and high dose groups compared to the other two groups. From this result, it can therefore be concluded that cannabis sativa decreases testicular weight, estradiol and testosterone level and increases body weight, FSH, LH and prolactin level in male wistar rats. Also that ascorbic acid (vitamin c) was able to ameliorate some of these effects. VL - 7 IS - 1 ER -
Information
Email: