Arthropods are the major phylum of invertebrates. Among them, arachnids and insects play an important role in human health by the use of defensive or preying mechanisms (venom) or by the transmission of pathogens: parasites, viruses or bacteria. In the latter case, the arthropod is named a vector. The influence of arthropod vectors on human and animal’s health exceeds the importance that entomologists attribute to them because of their abundance and diversity. Improved knowledge of vectors, such as sand flies or mosquito’s populations, and their role in pathogen transmission cycles, can help to evaluate and predict vector transmission risks and therefore improve current control methods. This special issue is concerned with all aspects of the biology, ecology, and control of arthropod vectors and the interrelationships between the vectors and the agents of disease that they transmit. It will report recent discoveries and review key subject areas in the field of vectors biology and ecology, as well as the utilization of this biological and ecological knowledge to develop new solutions for controlling arthropods vectors and the diseases they transmit. This special issue is open to any subject area related to medical and veterinary entomology.

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