This special issue will focus on exploration of earth’s subsurface by applying recent environmental, geological, geophysical, geochemical, geomechanical, geotechnical technologies. From centuries, humans are trying to explore the hidden treasures within the subsurface of earth. Several Earth geophysical, geological, geotechnical theories and applications, such as mining, geomodeling, engineering and earthquake seismology etc, have driven research that produced, over the years, ground-breaking theories and innovative technologies that can explore Earth’s subsurface. The search is continuing with an ever-increasing need to have new techniques and theories to explore subsurface. In recent years, there have been advances in technologies and requirements that demand the utilization of advanced interpretational techniques. For example, recent advances in Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), Electrical Resistivity, Electromagnetic and Numerical modeling techniques have proven to be instrumental in providing more realistic subsurface images.