The intensification of fish farming activity has led to the proliferation of pathogens, consequently the development of epidemic diseases. Thus, the use of antibiotics has become widespread but this practice has had effects on the environment, health of fish and consumers. Faced with this problem, the technique consisted of strengthening the immunity and health of fish with feed additives containing pigments, known for their antioxidant properties. This study aims to determine the influence of anthocyanin-rich purple Katiola corn on the growth, health, and body composition of tilapia. Five isoprotein feeds (30%) were formulated based on purple corn flour with different quantities of anthocyanins (0, 230, 345, 460, 690mg/100g) and submitted to juveniles (25.39 ± 5.95g) in tanks for 49 days. Daily weight gain varied from 0.79 to 0.85 g/day without significant difference. In terms of nutrient retention coefficients, lipid retention increases proportionally with the increase in the quantities of anthocyanins. On the other land, protein retention no longer increases at the threshold of 460mg/100g. This was reflected in the body composition of fish with a significant difference (p˂ 0.05) in lipid content. There is an accumulation of fat in the body of fish when using purple corn. For health of fish, the hepato-somatic index and condition factor were better with diets enriched with more anthocyanins. In conclusion, it can be estimated that the use of anthocyanins from purple corn had an influence on the quality of body composition and the health of the fish.
| Published in | International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences (Volume 14, Issue 6) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16 |
| Page(s) | 418-427 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Pigments, Cereals, Hepato-Somatic Index, Isoprotein, Cichlidae
| [1] | FAO. Résumé de La Situation mondiale des pêches et de l’aquaculture 2024. La transformation bleue en action. Rome, 2024. |
| [2] | FAO. La situation mondiale des pêches et de l’aquaculture 2022. Rome; 2022, p. 251. |
| [3] | Harikrishnan, R., Devi, G., Van Doan, H., Balasundaram, C., Thamizharasan, S., Hoseinifar, S. H., Tawwab, M. A. Effect of diet enriched with agaricus bisporus polysaccharides (ABPs) on antioxidant property, innate-adaptive immune response and pro-anti-inflammatory genes expression in Ctenopharyngodon idella against Aeromonas hydrophila. Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 2021, 114, 238–252. |
| [4] | Martos-Sitcha, J. A., Mancera, J. M., Prunet, P., Magnoni, L. J. Editorial: Welfare and stressors in fish: Challenges facing aquaculture. Frontiers in Physiology. 2020, 11. |
| [5] | Serrano, P. H. Responsible use of antibiotics in aquaculture. Roma, Italy: Food & Agriculture Organization; 2005, p. 97. |
| [6] | Lee, C. S., Lim, C., Webster, C. D. Dietary nutrients, additives, and fish health. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons, USA; (2015), p. 355. |
| [7] | Hoseinifar, S. H., Sun, Y. Z., Zhou, Z., Van Doan, H., Davies, S. J., Harikrishnan R. Boosting immune function and disease bio-control through environment-friendly and sustainable approaches in finfish aquaculture: herbal therapy scenarios. Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture. 2020, 28, 1–19. |
| [8] | Elumalai, P., Kurian, A., Lakshmi, S., Faggio, C., Esteban, M. A., Ringø E. Herbal immunomodulators in aquaculture. Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture. 2021, 29, 33 57. |
| [9] | N’Da, H. A., N’Cho, A. L., Akanvou L. Diversité morphologique et moléculaire des variétés locales de maïs (Zea mays L.) violet cultivées au centre nord de la Côte d’Ivoire: implication à la conservation. Journal of Applied Biosciences, 2023, 191, 20245 – 20262. |
| [10] | Andreea, S., Teodora, D. P., Zorița M. D. Purple Corn Cob: Rich Source of Anthocyanins with Potential Application in the Food Industry. In book: Flavonoid Metabolism - Recent Advances and Applications in Crop Breeding [Working Title], 2023. |
| [11] | Kim, H. Y., Lee K. Y., Kim, M., Hong, M., Deepa, P., Kim S. A Review of the Biological Properties of Purple Corn (Zea mays L.). Scientia Pharmaceutica. 2023, 91, 6. |
| [12] | Lin, S., Guo, H., Gong, Y. B., Lu, D. Effects of dietary anthocyanins on growth performance, immune response, and antioxidant capacity of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture Research. 2017, 48(5), 2125-2134. |
| [13] | Wang, X., Li, Y., He X. Effects of dietary anthocyanins on pigmentation and antioxidant capacity in ornamental fish: A review. Aquaculture Reports. 2021, 20, 100707. |
| [14] | Hem, S., Bard, F. X., Oteme, Z. J., Moreau Y. Recherches sur l’aquaculture du mâchoiron. In: Recherches en aquaculture sur les principales espèces de poissons lagunaires en Côte d’lvoire (1984-1986). Rapport CEE/ORSTOM/CRO, TSD A. 082; 1987, pp. 11-39. |
| [15] | AOAC. Officials Methods of Analysis (16th Edn) Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Arlington, V. A. USA; 1995, p. 250. |
| [16] | Singleton, V. L., Orthofer, R., Lamuela-Raventos, R. M. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidant substrates and antioxydants by means of Folin-ciocalteureagent. Chemistry Methods in Enzymology. 1999, 299, 152-178. |
| [17] | Riberau, G. P., Stonestreet E. Dosage des anthocyanes dans le vin rouge. Bulletin des Sociétés Chimiques Belges, 1965, 9, 2649-2652. |
| [18] | Bernabe Y. Pore geometry and pressure dependence of the transport properties in sandstones. Geophysics. 1991, 56, 436-446. |
| [19] | Kime, D. E. Environmentally induced endocrine abnormalities in fish. In: Hester, R. E., Harrison, R. M. (Eds.), Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals. The Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge. 1999, pp. 27–48. |
| [20] | Smolders, R., Baillieul, M., Blust, R. Relationship between the energy status of Daphnia magna and its sensitivity to environmental stress. Aquatic Toxicology. (2005), 73, 155–170. |
| [21] | Chowdhury, M. A., Yi, Y., Lin, C. K., El-Haroun E. R. Effect of salinity on carrying capacity of adult Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus L. in recirculating systems. Aquaculture Research. 2006, 37, 1627-1635. |
| [22] | Amoussou, T. O., Toguyeni, A., Imorou Toko, I., Chikou A., Karim I. Y. A. Caractéristiques biologiques et zootechniques des tilapias africains Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758) et Sarotherodon melanotheron Rüppell, 1852. International Journal of Biological and Chemicals Sciences. 2016, 10(4), 1869-1887. |
| [23] | Viennot, P., Ledoux E., Monget, J. M., Schott, C., Garnier C., Beaudoin N. La pollution du bassin de la Seine par les nitrates. Rapport PIRE N-Seine, France; 2008, p. 43. |
| [24] | Bamba, Y., Ouattara, N., Ouattara, S., Ouattara, A., Gourène G. Effect of diets containing cocoa bean shell and coconut oil cake on the growth of Oreochromis niloticus (Linne, 1758) in pond. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2014, 8(4), 1368 – 1380. |
| [25] | Yéo, G. M., Djeke, P. S., Etchian, A. O., Blé M. C. Influence de l’origine botanique des sources glucidiques sur la croissance, l’utilisation des aliments et la santé du tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, linne 1758 en circuit semi-ouvert. Revue Ivoirienne des Sciences et Technologie. 2024, 44, 128 – 141. |
| [26] | Ouédraogo, R., Soara A., Zerbo H. Caractérisation du peuplement piscicole du reservoir de Boalin, Ziniaré (Burkina Faso) deux décennies après l’introduction de Heterotis niloticus. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2015, 9(5): 2488-2499. |
| [27] | Awad, E., Austin, D., Austin B. Effects of dietary supplements on growth performance and immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Fish & Shellfish Immunology. 2009, 27(5), 757–762. |
| [28] | Reverter, M., Bontemps, N., Lecchini, D., Banaigs, B., Sasal P. Use of plant extracts in fish aquaculture as an alternative to chemotherapy: Current status and future perspectives. Aquaculture. 2014, 433, 50–61. |
| [29] | El-Hakim, Y. M., Mohamed, M. F., Fath El-Bab M. A. Dietary inclusion of anthocyanin-rich plant extracts enhances growth performance, immunity and antioxidant status of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Aquaculture Reports. 2020, 17, 100374. |
| [30] | Kaushik, S. J., Seiliez I. Protein and amino acid nutrition and metabolism in fish: current knowledge and future needs. Aquaculture Research. 2010. 41(3), 322–332. |
| [31] | Yilmaz S., Ergün S. Effects of garlic and ginger oils on growth performance, digestibility, and nutrient composition in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 2012, 12(4), 923–930. |
| [32] | Kiron, V. Fish immune system and its nutritional modulation for preventive health care. Animal Feed Science and Technology. 2012, 173(1–2), 111–133. |
| [33] | Otazu-Abrill, M., Martin, B. J., Ceccaldi H. J. Influence des acides aminés purifiés ajoutés dans les aliments composés, sur le métabolisme des pigments caroténoïdes, chez Palaemon serratus (Crustacea, Decapoda). Aquaculture. 1982, 28, 303-310. |
| [34] | Tiogué, C. T., Tomedi, M. T., EYango, D. N., Tchoumboue, J. Caracteristiques de morphologie générale et de croissance du Cyprinidae africain Labeo barbusbatesii dans la plaine inondable des Mbô, Cameroun. International Journal of Biological and Chemical Sciences. 2010, 4(6), 1988-2000. |
| [35] | Anyanwu A. O., Okoro B. C., Abonwu B. I., Ihimakpen F., Ayaodou-Cookey I. K, Anyanwu P., Matanmi, M. A., Hamzat M. B., Afolabi, S. E. Length-weight relationship, condition factor and sex ratio of african mud catfish (Clarias gariepinus) reared in indoor water recirculation system tanks. Research in Biological Sciences. 2007, 2, 780-783. |
APA Style
Maurice, Y. G., Simplice, D. P., Laurent, N. A., Olivier, E. A., Célestin, B. M. (2025). Influence of Anthocyanins from Katiola Purple Corn on Growth, Body Composition and Health of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus Linnaeus 1758) in Côte d’Ivoire. International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 14(6), 418-427. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16
ACS Style
Maurice, Y. G.; Simplice, D. P.; Laurent, N. A.; Olivier, E. A.; Célestin, B. M. Influence of Anthocyanins from Katiola Purple Corn on Growth, Body Composition and Health of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus Linnaeus 1758) in Côte d’Ivoire. Int. J. Nutr. Food Sci. 2025, 14(6), 418-427. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16
AMA Style
Maurice YG, Simplice DP, Laurent NA, Olivier EA, Célestin BM. Influence of Anthocyanins from Katiola Purple Corn on Growth, Body Composition and Health of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus Linnaeus 1758) in Côte d’Ivoire. Int J Nutr Food Sci. 2025;14(6):418-427. doi: 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16
@article{10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16,
author = {Yéo Gopéyué Maurice and Djeke Paul Simplice and N’cho Achi Laurent and Etchian Assoi Olivier and Blé Mélécony Célestin},
title = {Influence of Anthocyanins from Katiola Purple Corn on Growth, Body Composition and Health of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus Linnaeus 1758) in Côte d’Ivoire
},
journal = {International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences},
volume = {14},
number = {6},
pages = {418-427},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijnfs.20251406.16},
abstract = {The intensification of fish farming activity has led to the proliferation of pathogens, consequently the development of epidemic diseases. Thus, the use of antibiotics has become widespread but this practice has had effects on the environment, health of fish and consumers. Faced with this problem, the technique consisted of strengthening the immunity and health of fish with feed additives containing pigments, known for their antioxidant properties. This study aims to determine the influence of anthocyanin-rich purple Katiola corn on the growth, health, and body composition of tilapia. Five isoprotein feeds (30%) were formulated based on purple corn flour with different quantities of anthocyanins (0, 230, 345, 460, 690mg/100g) and submitted to juveniles (25.39 ± 5.95g) in tanks for 49 days. Daily weight gain varied from 0.79 to 0.85 g/day without significant difference. In terms of nutrient retention coefficients, lipid retention increases proportionally with the increase in the quantities of anthocyanins. On the other land, protein retention no longer increases at the threshold of 460mg/100g. This was reflected in the body composition of fish with a significant difference (p˂ 0.05) in lipid content. There is an accumulation of fat in the body of fish when using purple corn. For health of fish, the hepato-somatic index and condition factor were better with diets enriched with more anthocyanins. In conclusion, it can be estimated that the use of anthocyanins from purple corn had an influence on the quality of body composition and the health of the fish.},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of Anthocyanins from Katiola Purple Corn on Growth, Body Composition and Health of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus Linnaeus 1758) in Côte d’Ivoire AU - Yéo Gopéyué Maurice AU - Djeke Paul Simplice AU - N’cho Achi Laurent AU - Etchian Assoi Olivier AU - Blé Mélécony Célestin Y1 - 2025/11/28 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16 DO - 10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16 T2 - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences JF - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences JO - International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences SP - 418 EP - 427 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2327-2716 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijnfs.20251406.16 AB - The intensification of fish farming activity has led to the proliferation of pathogens, consequently the development of epidemic diseases. Thus, the use of antibiotics has become widespread but this practice has had effects on the environment, health of fish and consumers. Faced with this problem, the technique consisted of strengthening the immunity and health of fish with feed additives containing pigments, known for their antioxidant properties. This study aims to determine the influence of anthocyanin-rich purple Katiola corn on the growth, health, and body composition of tilapia. Five isoprotein feeds (30%) were formulated based on purple corn flour with different quantities of anthocyanins (0, 230, 345, 460, 690mg/100g) and submitted to juveniles (25.39 ± 5.95g) in tanks for 49 days. Daily weight gain varied from 0.79 to 0.85 g/day without significant difference. In terms of nutrient retention coefficients, lipid retention increases proportionally with the increase in the quantities of anthocyanins. On the other land, protein retention no longer increases at the threshold of 460mg/100g. This was reflected in the body composition of fish with a significant difference (p˂ 0.05) in lipid content. There is an accumulation of fat in the body of fish when using purple corn. For health of fish, the hepato-somatic index and condition factor were better with diets enriched with more anthocyanins. In conclusion, it can be estimated that the use of anthocyanins from purple corn had an influence on the quality of body composition and the health of the fish. VL - 14 IS - 6 ER -