Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland

Izabela Pawlak

doi:doi:10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12

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Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland

Izabela Pawlak

Published in Earth Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 6)

Received: 27 September 2021 Accepted: 26 October 2021 Published: 10 November 2021

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Abstract

This study examines O₃, NO_x, NO₂ and NO data from five large cities in Poland (Warszawa, Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław and Poznań) over a three-year period (2015-2017) to quantify the phenomenon of ozone weekend effect. The seasonal and diurnal variations of O₃ and NO_x species, showing the interdependence these two gaseous species, were presented. The number of 8-hour running average values above the threshold of 60 ppb and 1-hour above 90 ppb shows that ozone exceeded amounts are more frequent on Saturday and Sunday compared to other days of the week. The analysis of day of the week variations of O₃ indicates distinct, temporal pattern with maximum O₃ concentrations during weekend (especially on Sunday) and minimum noted on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday (depending on the station). The analysis of existence of the ozone weekend effect was performed on the basis of average O₃ concentration at the weekend and on the day of the lowest O₃ concentration during the week. Calculations were performed for the period of the whole year and for individual seasons of the year. The results of performance the non-parametric U-Mann-Whitney test indicate that differences of O₃ concentration between weekend and a specific day of the week were statistically significant for most cases, despite the significantly lower concentration of ozone precursors (NO_x). The analysis of O_x concentrations indicates that limited processes of O₃ titration by NO (ozone quenching hypothesis) are the main cause of the ozone weekend effect in the Polish cities.

Published in	Earth Sciences (Volume 10, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12
Page(s)	265-274
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ozone Formation, Ozone Weekend Effect, VOC/NO_x Ratio, Nitrogen Oxides

References

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APA Style

Izabela Pawlak. (2021). Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland. Earth Sciences, 10(6), 265-274. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12

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ACS Style

Izabela Pawlak. Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland. Earth Sci. 2021, 10(6), 265-274. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12

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AMA Style

Izabela Pawlak. Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland. Earth Sci. 2021;10(6):265-274. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12

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@article{10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12,
  author = {Izabela Pawlak},
  title = {Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {6},
  pages = {265-274},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20211006.12},
  abstract = {This study examines O3, NOx, NO2 and NO data from five large cities in Poland (Warszawa, Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław and Poznań) over a three-year period (2015-2017) to quantify the phenomenon of ozone weekend effect. The seasonal and diurnal variations of O3 and NOx species, showing the interdependence these two gaseous species, were presented. The number of 8-hour running average values above the threshold of 60 ppb and 1-hour above 90 ppb shows that ozone exceeded amounts are more frequent on Saturday and Sunday compared to other days of the week. The analysis of day of the week variations of O3 indicates distinct, temporal pattern with maximum O3 concentrations during weekend (especially on Sunday) and minimum noted on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday (depending on the station). The analysis of existence of the ozone weekend effect was performed on the basis of average O3 concentration at the weekend and on the day of the lowest O3 concentration during the week. Calculations were performed for the period of the whole year and for individual seasons of the year. The results of performance the non-parametric U-Mann-Whitney test indicate that differences of O3 concentration between weekend and a specific day of the week were statistically significant for most cases, despite the significantly lower concentration of ozone precursors (NOx). The analysis of Ox concentrations indicates that limited processes of O3 titration by NO (ozone quenching hypothesis) are the main cause of the ozone weekend effect in the Polish cities.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland
AU  - Izabela Pawlak
Y1  - 2021/11/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 265
EP  - 274
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12
AB  - This study examines O3, NOx, NO2 and NO data from five large cities in Poland (Warszawa, Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław and Poznań) over a three-year period (2015-2017) to quantify the phenomenon of ozone weekend effect. The seasonal and diurnal variations of O3 and NOx species, showing the interdependence these two gaseous species, were presented. The number of 8-hour running average values above the threshold of 60 ppb and 1-hour above 90 ppb shows that ozone exceeded amounts are more frequent on Saturday and Sunday compared to other days of the week. The analysis of day of the week variations of O3 indicates distinct, temporal pattern with maximum O3 concentrations during weekend (especially on Sunday) and minimum noted on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday (depending on the station). The analysis of existence of the ozone weekend effect was performed on the basis of average O3 concentration at the weekend and on the day of the lowest O3 concentration during the week. Calculations were performed for the period of the whole year and for individual seasons of the year. The results of performance the non-parametric U-Mann-Whitney test indicate that differences of O3 concentration between weekend and a specific day of the week were statistically significant for most cases, despite the significantly lower concentration of ozone precursors (NOx). The analysis of Ox concentrations indicates that limited processes of O3 titration by NO (ozone quenching hypothesis) are the main cause of the ozone weekend effect in the Polish cities.
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Izabela Pawlak

Department of Physics of the Atmosphere, Institute of Geophysics Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Izabela Pawlak. (2021). Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland. Earth Sciences, 10(6), 265-274. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12

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ACS Style

Izabela Pawlak. Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland. Earth Sci. 2021, 10(6), 265-274. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12

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AMA Style

Izabela Pawlak. Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland. Earth Sci. 2021;10(6):265-274. doi: 10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12,
  author = {Izabela Pawlak},
  title = {Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland},
  journal = {Earth Sciences},
  volume = {10},
  number = {6},
  pages = {265-274},
  doi = {10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.earth.20211006.12},
  abstract = {This study examines O3, NOx, NO2 and NO data from five large cities in Poland (Warszawa, Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław and Poznań) over a three-year period (2015-2017) to quantify the phenomenon of ozone weekend effect. The seasonal and diurnal variations of O3 and NOx species, showing the interdependence these two gaseous species, were presented. The number of 8-hour running average values above the threshold of 60 ppb and 1-hour above 90 ppb shows that ozone exceeded amounts are more frequent on Saturday and Sunday compared to other days of the week. The analysis of day of the week variations of O3 indicates distinct, temporal pattern with maximum O3 concentrations during weekend (especially on Sunday) and minimum noted on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday (depending on the station). The analysis of existence of the ozone weekend effect was performed on the basis of average O3 concentration at the weekend and on the day of the lowest O3 concentration during the week. Calculations were performed for the period of the whole year and for individual seasons of the year. The results of performance the non-parametric U-Mann-Whitney test indicate that differences of O3 concentration between weekend and a specific day of the week were statistically significant for most cases, despite the significantly lower concentration of ozone precursors (NOx). The analysis of Ox concentrations indicates that limited processes of O3 titration by NO (ozone quenching hypothesis) are the main cause of the ozone weekend effect in the Polish cities.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Statistical Analysis of Ozone Weekend Effect in the Largest Cities in Poland
AU  - Izabela Pawlak
Y1  - 2021/11/10
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12
T2  - Earth Sciences
JF  - Earth Sciences
JO  - Earth Sciences
SP  - 265
EP  - 274
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2328-5982
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.earth.20211006.12
AB  - This study examines O3, NOx, NO2 and NO data from five large cities in Poland (Warszawa, Kraków, Łódź, Wrocław and Poznań) over a three-year period (2015-2017) to quantify the phenomenon of ozone weekend effect. The seasonal and diurnal variations of O3 and NOx species, showing the interdependence these two gaseous species, were presented. The number of 8-hour running average values above the threshold of 60 ppb and 1-hour above 90 ppb shows that ozone exceeded amounts are more frequent on Saturday and Sunday compared to other days of the week. The analysis of day of the week variations of O3 indicates distinct, temporal pattern with maximum O3 concentrations during weekend (especially on Sunday) and minimum noted on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday (depending on the station). The analysis of existence of the ozone weekend effect was performed on the basis of average O3 concentration at the weekend and on the day of the lowest O3 concentration during the week. Calculations were performed for the period of the whole year and for individual seasons of the year. The results of performance the non-parametric U-Mann-Whitney test indicate that differences of O3 concentration between weekend and a specific day of the week were statistically significant for most cases, despite the significantly lower concentration of ozone precursors (NOx). The analysis of Ox concentrations indicates that limited processes of O3 titration by NO (ozone quenching hypothesis) are the main cause of the ozone weekend effect in the Polish cities.
VL  - 10
IS  - 6
ER  -

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