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Analyzed the Resistance of Influenza B Virus in Shangrao

Received: 4 September 2021    Accepted: 22 September 2021    Published: 30 September 2021
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Abstract

Influenza B is one of the main pathogens of human infection, especially among children and adolescents. The incidence rate and mortality rate are higher after infection. Vaccines and drugs are the most effective means to prevent and treat influenza virus. However, due to the characteristics of easy mutation of influenza virus, there are many drug-resistant strains in clinical using. In this study, we analyzed the molecular characterization of neuraminidase (NA) genes and NA drug resistance of influenza B virus in Shangrao during 2019 years. The specimens of nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from influenza cases of monitor hospitals, and then the collection of 10 strains of influenza B virus were randomly selected for detection by MDCK, positive strains were identified by hemagglutination test (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). And virus RNA were extracted with QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit. Fragments of NA genes were amplified by one-step RT-PCR and then were sequenced. The data obtained were analyzed with the software DNAStar 6.0 and Mage 5.0. We observed that the nucleotides of NA gene of 10 strains had no mutation in catalytic residues and framework residues of NA gene. And strongly suggest that all viruses were sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors, however continuous resistance surveillance is necessary for control and prevention influenza.

Published in Biomedical Sciences (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16
Page(s) 95-98
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Influenza B Virus, Resistance, NA Gene

References
[1] Caini S, Kusznierz G, Garate V V, et al. The epidemiological signature of influenza B virus and its B/Victoria and B/Yamagata lineages in the 21st century. PLoS ONE 2019. 14 (9), 1-17.
[2] Cassini A, Colzani E, Pini A, et al. Impact of infectious diseases on population health using incidence-based disability-adjusted life years (DALYs): results from the Burden of Communicable Diseases in Europe study, European Union and European Economic Area countries, 2009 to 2013. Euro Surveill. 2018; 23 (16).
[3] Zaraket H, Hurt AC. Clinch Barry et al. Burden of influenza B virus infection and considerations for clinical management. Antiviral Research, 2021, 185: 373-381.
[4] Jessica T, Guha A A, Florian K. Universal influenza virus vaccines and therapeutics: where do we stand with influenza B virus. Current Opinion in Immunology, 2018, 53: 45-50.
[5] Owusu D, Hand J, Tenforde MW, et al. Early season pediatric influenza B/victoria virus infections associated with a recently emerged virus subclade-Louisiana, 2019. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep2020; 69: 40–3.
[6] Jennings L, Huang QS, Barr I, et al. Literature review of the epidemiology of influenza B disease in 15 countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2018; 12 (3): 383–411.
[7] Skowronski DM, Hottes TS, De Serres G, et al. Influenza B/Victoria antigen induces strong recall of B/Yamagata but lower B/Victoria response in children primed with two doses of B/Yamagata. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2011; 30 (10): 833–839.
[8] Doyle JD, Campbell AP. Pediatric influenza and illness severity: what is known and what questions remain? Curr Opin Pediatr 2019; 31: 119–26.
[9] Del Mar C, Collignon P. How can we prepare better for influenza epidemics? BMJ, 2017, 359: j5007.
[10] Xie H, Xiang R, Wan HJ, et al. Reduced Influenza B-specific Post-Vaccination Antibody Cross-reactivity in the B/Victoria Lineage Predominant 2019/20 Season. Clin Infect Dis, 2020, 72 (11): e776-e783.
[11] Ivan K, Jonathan W. Yewdell. Influenza Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase: Yin–Yang Proteins co-evolving to Thwart Immunity. Viruses, 2019, 11 (4): 346.
[12] Danielle LL, Katherine MR, Howard HC et a1. Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality: a modelling study. Lancet. 2018; 391 (10127): 1285-1300.
[13] Hang WJ, Li XY, Tan MJ, et al. Sisceptibility of inluenze B viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors isolated during 2013-2014 influenza season in mainland China. Chinese Journal of Virology. 2015, 6 (2): 152–156.
[14] Zhang YY, Lai Y, Xiong Y, et al. Neuraminidase gene profiling of influenza B virus in Shangrao. Chin J Chengmther, 2017, 17 (5): 538-540.
[15] Han GG, Li Y, Jiang CX, et al, Epidemiological characteristics of influenza and characteristics of hemagglutinin gene of B-Victoria strains in Hebei Province from 2018 to 2019. Chin J Prev Med, 2021, 55 (07): 847-852.
[16] Andrew J. Burnham, Tatiana Baranovich, et al. Neuraminidase inhibitors for influenza B virus infection. Antiviral Research, 2013, 100 (2): 520-534.
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  • APA Style

    Changhe Cheng, Lanxing Liu, Xiaolong Liu, Zhang Yanyan, Lai Yu. (2021). Analyzed the Resistance of Influenza B Virus in Shangrao. Biomedical Sciences, 7(3), 95-98. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16

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    ACS Style

    Changhe Cheng; Lanxing Liu; Xiaolong Liu; Zhang Yanyan; Lai Yu. Analyzed the Resistance of Influenza B Virus in Shangrao. Biomed. Sci. 2021, 7(3), 95-98. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16

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    AMA Style

    Changhe Cheng, Lanxing Liu, Xiaolong Liu, Zhang Yanyan, Lai Yu. Analyzed the Resistance of Influenza B Virus in Shangrao. Biomed Sci. 2021;7(3):95-98. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16

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  • @article{10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16,
      author = {Changhe Cheng and Lanxing Liu and Xiaolong Liu and Zhang Yanyan and Lai Yu},
      title = {Analyzed the Resistance of Influenza B Virus in Shangrao},
      journal = {Biomedical Sciences},
      volume = {7},
      number = {3},
      pages = {95-98},
      doi = {10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bs.20210703.16},
      abstract = {Influenza B is one of the main pathogens of human infection, especially among children and adolescents. The incidence rate and mortality rate are higher after infection. Vaccines and drugs are the most effective means to prevent and treat influenza virus. However, due to the characteristics of easy mutation of influenza virus, there are many drug-resistant strains in clinical using. In this study, we analyzed the molecular characterization of neuraminidase (NA) genes and NA drug resistance of influenza B virus in Shangrao during 2019 years. The specimens of nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from influenza cases of monitor hospitals, and then the collection of 10 strains of influenza B virus were randomly selected for detection by MDCK, positive strains were identified by hemagglutination test (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). And virus RNA were extracted with QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit. Fragments of NA genes were amplified by one-step RT-PCR and then were sequenced. The data obtained were analyzed with the software DNAStar 6.0 and Mage 5.0. We observed that the nucleotides of NA gene of 10 strains had no mutation in catalytic residues and framework residues of NA gene. And strongly suggest that all viruses were sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors, however continuous resistance surveillance is necessary for control and prevention influenza.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Analyzed the Resistance of Influenza B Virus in Shangrao
    AU  - Changhe Cheng
    AU  - Lanxing Liu
    AU  - Xiaolong Liu
    AU  - Zhang Yanyan
    AU  - Lai Yu
    Y1  - 2021/09/30
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    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16
    DO  - 10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16
    T2  - Biomedical Sciences
    JF  - Biomedical Sciences
    JO  - Biomedical Sciences
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    EP  - 98
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-3932
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20210703.16
    AB  - Influenza B is one of the main pathogens of human infection, especially among children and adolescents. The incidence rate and mortality rate are higher after infection. Vaccines and drugs are the most effective means to prevent and treat influenza virus. However, due to the characteristics of easy mutation of influenza virus, there are many drug-resistant strains in clinical using. In this study, we analyzed the molecular characterization of neuraminidase (NA) genes and NA drug resistance of influenza B virus in Shangrao during 2019 years. The specimens of nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from influenza cases of monitor hospitals, and then the collection of 10 strains of influenza B virus were randomly selected for detection by MDCK, positive strains were identified by hemagglutination test (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). And virus RNA were extracted with QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit. Fragments of NA genes were amplified by one-step RT-PCR and then were sequenced. The data obtained were analyzed with the software DNAStar 6.0 and Mage 5.0. We observed that the nucleotides of NA gene of 10 strains had no mutation in catalytic residues and framework residues of NA gene. And strongly suggest that all viruses were sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors, however continuous resistance surveillance is necessary for control and prevention influenza.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, P. R. China

  • Department of Party History and Party Construction, The Party School of the CPC Shangrao Municipal Committee, Shangrao, P. R. China

  • Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, P. R. China

  • Clinical Laboratory, Shangrao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shangrao, P. R. China

  • Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, P. R. China

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