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Effects of Macamide B on the Expression of SIRT1 in Brain Tissue of Neonatal Mice with Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Damage
Ke Niu,
Fengjie Xu,
Guangyong Wang,
Manhong Zeng
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
64-68
Received:
2 June 2021
Accepted:
19 June 2021
Published:
15 July 2021
Abstract: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is the main cause of severe neurological diseases and death in newborns. Macamide B is an effective monomer extracted from Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walpers), which has important biological activities such as neuroprotection and neuromodulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Macamide B can exert neuroprotective effects on HIBD in newborn mice by regulating Silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1). A modified Rice-Vannucci method was used to construct the HIBD model of newborn mice. The pups were divided into the following groups: sham group, HI group, and Macamide B group. On the first and third days after hypoxic-ischemic (HI), immunofluorescence and Western blot experiments were used to detect the expression level of SIRT1 in the brain tissue of infants. The results of the immunofluorescence experiment showed that compared with the sham group, the expression level of SIRT1 is significantly decreased in HI group pups, while the expression level of SIRT1 in pups pretreated with Macamide B increased significantly. The results of Western blot experiments are consistent with the results of immunofluorescence experiments. Our data indicate that Macamide B may exert a neuroprotective effect on HIBD in newborn mice by up-regulating the expression of SIRT1. Macamide B may become a new medicine effective in preventing and treating HIBD.
Abstract: Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) is the main cause of severe neurological diseases and death in newborns. Macamide B is an effective monomer extracted from Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walpers), which has important biological activities such as neuroprotection and neuromodulation. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Macamide...
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Dietary Factors Associated with Osteoporosis Among Post-Menopausal Women: A Study in a District Hospital, Jamalpur, Bangladesh
Fakhria Alam,
Gulnar Begum,
Farida Begum,
Md. Alauddin
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
69-73
Received:
26 April 2021
Accepted:
31 May 2021
Published:
5 August 2021
Abstract: Introduction: Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. As a result, bones become weak and may break from a fall or, in serious cases, from sneezing or minor bumps. The aim of the study was to assess dietary Factors Associated with Osteoporosis among Post-Menopausal Women. Material & Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study at the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology of 250 bedded General Hospital, Jamalpur, Bangladesh during the period from January 2018 to December 2018. Results: Out of 300 post-menopausal women the maximum number of respondents were from the age group of 45-55 years (42.33%) followed by 56-65 years (27.67%) and >85 years (4.33%). The mean age of the respondents was 65.66±12.31 years and the mean age at menopause was 47.35±3.78 years. Maximum respondents were from overweight (42.67%) whereas the least number of respondents were from underweight (1.67%). The mean BMI of all respondents was 27.39±4.93. Most of the patients experienced menopause for last 6-10 years (63%) whereas the least number of patients experienced menopause for only 1-5 years (11%). 183 (61%) respondents stated that they did not take any milk specific diet like milk, yogurt, sweetmeats, card etc. regularly whereas rest 117 (39%) agreed that they took milk or dairy products in any form mentioned above. Among 300 respondents, it was observed that 45 (15%) did not take tea in their day to day life while the number of habits of not taking coffee was 285 (95%). Habit of taking tea was found in 255 (85%) respondents and coffee having habit was found in case of 15 (5%) respondents. Compared to the respondents who experienced menopause >10 years were suffered from osteoporosis 0.0751 times more in comparison to the respondents who experienced menopause for the duration of ≤10 years, which is statistically highly significant at 5% level of significance (95% CI: 0.0101-0.5582, p=0.0012). Conclusion: Milk or milk related product regularly have less likely to have osteoporosis than those who do not take any of these daily. So, it was significant that post menopause women who takes milk daily have less risk of osteoporosis.
Abstract: Introduction: Osteoporosis is a bone disease that occurs when the body loses too much bone, makes too little bone, or both. As a result, bones become weak and may break from a fall or, in serious cases, from sneezing or minor bumps. The aim of the study was to assess dietary Factors Associated with Osteoporosis among Post-Menopausal Women. Material...
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Haematological Indices as a Measure of Quality of Life Amongst Inmates of Port Harcourt Correctional Institutions
Theresa Awortu Jeremiah,
Ransom Baribefii Jacob,
Zaccheaus Awortu Jeremiah,
Ifeoma Bessie Enweani-Nwokelo,
Chris Anyamene
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
74-80
Received:
8 July 2021
Accepted:
16 July 2021
Published:
9 August 2021
Abstract: Restriction to health care and poor medical attention to inmates in correctional institutions in Port Harcourt has provided a gap in knowledge about their general health as well as their haematological indices status. Haematological indices are derivatives of complete blood count (CBC) used in the evaluation of overall health and detect a wide range of disorders, measure several components and features in the blood. This cross sectional study was aimed at determining haematological indices as a measure of quality of life amongst inmates of Port Harcourt Correctional Institution. One hundred and fifty (150) adults and twenty-eight (28) juveniles making a total of one hundred and seventy eight (178) adults and juveniles of both sexes participated in this study. Two milliliters (2mls) of blood was collected from each participant and dispensed into an EDTA anticoagulant bottle and used for the haematological investigations. Results obtained shows Mean±SEM of Hb (12.87±0.10 g/dl; 95% CI, 12.69-13.06), WBC (6.63±0.16x109/L; 95% CI, 6.32 - 6.93), Neutrophils (43.99±0.77%; 95% CI of 42.47-4.51%) while the Mean±SEM of Lymphocytes was 44.75±0.79% at 95% CI of 43.19-46.31 and CMX was 10.55±0.30%, at 95% Cl of 9.95-11.15). Haematological parameters of the inmates showed a significant Hb level among the males and between age 25–34 years at a significant level of P < 0.0001 respectively. The percentage of the lymphocyte, the CMX within these age group was also very significant at P < 0.0001 respectively. The reduced blood level, with the raise lymphocyte and CMX is a clear indication of poor health status and the presence of underlying infection although the findings cannot be adequately substantiated.
Abstract: Restriction to health care and poor medical attention to inmates in correctional institutions in Port Harcourt has provided a gap in knowledge about their general health as well as their haematological indices status. Haematological indices are derivatives of complete blood count (CBC) used in the evaluation of overall health and detect a wide rang...
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Effect of Obesity on Tissue Factor, Tissue Plasminogen Activator and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Among Obese People in Sapele Southern Nigeria
Kingsley Chukwuka Amaihunwa,
Emmanuel Asuquo Etim,
Everista Odaburhine Osime,
Zacchaeus Awortu Jeremiah
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
81-85
Received:
2 August 2021
Accepted:
11 August 2021
Published:
23 August 2021
Abstract: Background/Objective: Obesity is a medical condition in which adipose tissue accumulates to the extent of having adverse effect on certain procaogulant factors such as: Human Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI), tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) and Tissue Factor (TF) of adults in Nigeria. This study therefore aims to evaluate the impacts of obesity on PAI, t-PA, and TF in obese adult in Sapele, South-South Nigeria. Materials and Methods: 312 adults with obesity and 103 normal adults (used as controls) with age between 18 and 65 years were enrolled for this study. 4.5mls of venous blood was collected into EDTA containers for procoagulant activity measurement. Human Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI-1), Human tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA), and Human Tissue Factor (TF) values were determined using Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) methods. Collated data was analyzed using Student’s t-test, correlation and one-way ANOVA followed by LSD post-hoc test and results were expressed as mean±standard deviation. Results: The BMI (Body Mass Index) of obese subjects and control subjects were 36.82±0.55kg/m2 and 20.43±0.29 kg/m2 respectively at p<0.001. t-PA level of obese subject was 344.34±43.58pg/ml while control group had t-PA value of 192.46±10.65pg/ml. In addition, PAI of obese people was 367.24±27.49pg/ml and control subject had PAI value of 253.37±11.11pg/ml. Human Tissue Factor (TF) of obese subject and control subjects were 93.31±7.25pg/ml and 66.59±2.76pg/ml respectively at p<0.01. Conclusion: The values of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor, tissue Plasminogen Activator, and Human Tissue Factor were higher in people with obesity when compare with non-obese control group in Sapele Southern Nigeria.
Abstract: Background/Objective: Obesity is a medical condition in which adipose tissue accumulates to the extent of having adverse effect on certain procaogulant factors such as: Human Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor (PAI), tissue Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) and Tissue Factor (TF) of adults in Nigeria. This study therefore aims to evaluate the impacts of ob...
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Patterns and Differentials of Age at First Motherhood Among Married Adolescents in Bangladesh
Md. Abdul Karim,
Mohammad Omar Faruk
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
86-94
Received:
5 August 2021
Accepted:
18 September 2021
Published:
23 September 2021
Abstract: Background: The focal point of this study is to investigate the current scenario of age at first motherhood among ever married adolescents in Bangladesh because early initiation into childbearing is generally the most important determinant of reproductive span, large family size, and population growth. Methods: The study uses the 2017-18 nationally representative Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) data. In addition to the descriptive measures, Pearson’s Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis are employed to determine the significant association and impact of explanatory variables on age at adolescent first motherhood, respectively. Results: The overall mean age at adolescents’ first motherhood is 16.34±1.45 years, with marked variations by available explanatory variables. The bivariate analysis shows that the variables: current age, respondents’ education, place of residence, access to mass media, wealth index, age at first cohabitation, continue studies after marriage, spousal age difference, education, and occupation of husbands are significantly associated with age at adolescents’ motherhood. Multivariate binary logistic regression reveals that current age, respondents’ education, wealth index, age at first cohabitation, spousal age gap, and husbands’ occupation significantly impact the age at first motherhood among adolescents in Bangladesh. Conclusions: This study’s results will be helpful for the policymakers to take necessary steps to increase the age at first cohabitation to raise the age of adolescent first motherhood by increasing the literacy rate, minimizing the spousal age difference, and improving the socio-economic conditions for good reproductive health, and further reducing fertility in Bangladesh.
Abstract: Background: The focal point of this study is to investigate the current scenario of age at first motherhood among ever married adolescents in Bangladesh because early initiation into childbearing is generally the most important determinant of reproductive span, large family size, and population growth. Methods: The study uses the 2017-18 nationally...
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Analyzed the Resistance of Influenza B Virus in Shangrao
Changhe Cheng,
Lanxing Liu,
Xiaolong Liu,
Zhang Yanyan,
Lai Yu
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
95-98
Received:
4 September 2021
Accepted:
22 September 2021
Published:
30 September 2021
Abstract: Influenza B is one of the main pathogens of human infection, especially among children and adolescents. The incidence rate and mortality rate are higher after infection. Vaccines and drugs are the most effective means to prevent and treat influenza virus. However, due to the characteristics of easy mutation of influenza virus, there are many drug-resistant strains in clinical using. In this study, we analyzed the molecular characterization of neuraminidase (NA) genes and NA drug resistance of influenza B virus in Shangrao during 2019 years. The specimens of nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from influenza cases of monitor hospitals, and then the collection of 10 strains of influenza B virus were randomly selected for detection by MDCK, positive strains were identified by hemagglutination test (HA) and hemagglutination inhibition test (HI). And virus RNA were extracted with QIAamp Viral RNA Mini Kit. Fragments of NA genes were amplified by one-step RT-PCR and then were sequenced. The data obtained were analyzed with the software DNAStar 6.0 and Mage 5.0. We observed that the nucleotides of NA gene of 10 strains had no mutation in catalytic residues and framework residues of NA gene. And strongly suggest that all viruses were sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors, however continuous resistance surveillance is necessary for control and prevention influenza.
Abstract: Influenza B is one of the main pathogens of human infection, especially among children and adolescents. The incidence rate and mortality rate are higher after infection. Vaccines and drugs are the most effective means to prevent and treat influenza virus. However, due to the characteristics of easy mutation of influenza virus, there are many drug-r...
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