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The Main Factors Underlying English and Language Changes and Real-world Effects

Received: 10 January 2022    Accepted: 3 February 2022    Published: 31 March 2022
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Abstract

Language is dynamical and liable to changes. This paper discusses “the main reasons underlying English and language changes”. It aims to ascertain the major factors which lead to language changes. The paper seeks mainly to focus on the following elements: grammatical, semantic, spelling and phonological changes. The paper also focuses on etymological aspects like, transmission, source identification and personal names, language contact and shift, linguistic accommodation, and new technologies. With regards to the current study, the researchers have adopted the qualitative approach through the interview data collection method, in line with explanatory research design, plus the review of literature review. The study involved language lecturers and university students in the English Course at Universidade Licungo in Quelimane-Zambezia. The study concludes that at any given moment English language, for example, has variations which are known as synchronic variation and the effect of language change over time. The conclusion is evidenced with regards to words or phrases concerned with a particular group of people of the language science, the language of medicine, the language law, and the language of advertisement. Indeed, several factors contribute to language change, invented words, borrowing, new technologies, trades and migration often occurring in response to social, economic and political pressures if enough users alter the way the language should be spoken. The study concludes there are positive effects on language changes, which include the accommodation of new inventions, standardization of the language and the linguistic historic evolution. There are also negative effects based on communication challenges, misunderstanding and linguistic interferences.

Published in English Language, Literature & Culture (Volume 7, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17
Page(s) 42-52
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Factors, Underlying, Language Changes, Effects

References
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[2] Aitchison, J. (2001). Language change: progress or decay? 3rd edition. Cambridge: C. U. P.
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[5] Crystal, D. (1997). The Cambridge encyclopaedia of English language. Cambridge: C.U.P.
[6] Crystal, D. (2003). The Cambridge Encyclopaedia of English language. Cambridge: C.U.P.
[7] Duffy, J. (2003). BBC news: Google calls in the “language police.” Article retrieved on January 10, 2012 from http://www.nytimes.com/2008/10/17/us/politics/17webplumber.html.
[8] Fronkim, V., Robert R., & Nina H,. (2003). An introduction to language. 10th edition Wadswort: Michael Rosenberg.
[9] Gasson, S. (2004). Rigor in grounded theory research: an interpretive perspective on generating theory from qualitative field studies. USA: Drexel University.
[10] Hansson, H. & Kokhuis, S. E. (2004) Learning and language change. URL: http://firs tmonday.org/issues/issue9_8/hansson /index. Html. Hickey, R. (2003). (ed.) Motives for language change, Cambridge: C.U.P.
[11] Hickey, R. (2003). (ed.) Motives for language change, Cambridge: C.U.P.
[12] Hornby, A. (1995). Advanced learner’s dictionary. Oxford: O.U.P.
[13] Harya, T., D., (2016). Language change and development: historical linguistics. STAIN Jurai Siwo Metro: Lampung Premise Journal. Volume 5 No 1, April 2016 ISSN: 2442 - 482x (cetak) ISSN: 977244248DD3 (electronic): https://www.researchgate.net/publication /273040824 Factors Affecting Language Change.
[14] Labov, W. (2001). Principles of linguistic change. Blackwell Vol. I; Internal Factors (1994). Vol. II Social Factors: http://en.wipedia.org/wiki/language.
[15] Mantiri, O. (2010). Factors affecting language change. Oktavian Mantiri Klabat University. Article in SSRN Electronic Journal · March 2010 DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2566128: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273040824 Factors Affecting Language Change.
[16] Marconi, M., & Lakatos, E. (2010). Fundamentos de metodologia científica. (7ª ed.). São Paulo: Editora Atlas.
[17] Richardson, J. R., Peres, J. A. S., Wanderly, J. C. V., Correia, L. M., & Peres, M. H. M. (2010). Pesquisa social - métodos e técnicas. (2nd ed.). São Paulo: Editora Atlas.
[18] Sandelowski, M. (1993). Rigor or rigor mortis: the problem of rigor in qualitative research revisited. Advances in Nursing Science, 16 (2), 1–8.
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  • APA Style

    Gregório Jorge Gonçalves, Elias Alfredo Chichango. (2022). The Main Factors Underlying English and Language Changes and Real-world Effects. English Language, Literature & Culture, 7(1), 42-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17

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    ACS Style

    Gregório Jorge Gonçalves; Elias Alfredo Chichango. The Main Factors Underlying English and Language Changes and Real-world Effects. Engl. Lang. Lit. Cult. 2022, 7(1), 42-52. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17

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    AMA Style

    Gregório Jorge Gonçalves, Elias Alfredo Chichango. The Main Factors Underlying English and Language Changes and Real-world Effects. Engl Lang Lit Cult. 2022;7(1):42-52. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17,
      author = {Gregório Jorge Gonçalves and Elias Alfredo Chichango},
      title = {The Main Factors Underlying English and Language Changes and Real-world Effects},
      journal = {English Language, Literature & Culture},
      volume = {7},
      number = {1},
      pages = {42-52},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ellc.20220701.17},
      abstract = {Language is dynamical and liable to changes. This paper discusses “the main reasons underlying English and language changes”. It aims to ascertain the major factors which lead to language changes. The paper seeks mainly to focus on the following elements: grammatical, semantic, spelling and phonological changes. The paper also focuses on etymological aspects like, transmission, source identification and personal names, language contact and shift, linguistic accommodation, and new technologies. With regards to the current study, the researchers have adopted the qualitative approach through the interview data collection method, in line with explanatory research design, plus the review of literature review. The study involved language lecturers and university students in the English Course at Universidade Licungo in Quelimane-Zambezia. The study concludes that at any given moment English language, for example, has variations which are known as synchronic variation and the effect of language change over time. The conclusion is evidenced with regards to words or phrases concerned with a particular group of people of the language science, the language of medicine, the language law, and the language of advertisement. Indeed, several factors contribute to language change, invented words, borrowing, new technologies, trades and migration often occurring in response to social, economic and political pressures if enough users alter the way the language should be spoken. The study concludes there are positive effects on language changes, which include the accommodation of new inventions, standardization of the language and the linguistic historic evolution. There are also negative effects based on communication challenges, misunderstanding and linguistic interferences.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - The Main Factors Underlying English and Language Changes and Real-world Effects
    AU  - Gregório Jorge Gonçalves
    AU  - Elias Alfredo Chichango
    Y1  - 2022/03/31
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17
    T2  - English Language, Literature & Culture
    JF  - English Language, Literature & Culture
    JO  - English Language, Literature & Culture
    SP  - 42
    EP  - 52
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-2413
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20220701.17
    AB  - Language is dynamical and liable to changes. This paper discusses “the main reasons underlying English and language changes”. It aims to ascertain the major factors which lead to language changes. The paper seeks mainly to focus on the following elements: grammatical, semantic, spelling and phonological changes. The paper also focuses on etymological aspects like, transmission, source identification and personal names, language contact and shift, linguistic accommodation, and new technologies. With regards to the current study, the researchers have adopted the qualitative approach through the interview data collection method, in line with explanatory research design, plus the review of literature review. The study involved language lecturers and university students in the English Course at Universidade Licungo in Quelimane-Zambezia. The study concludes that at any given moment English language, for example, has variations which are known as synchronic variation and the effect of language change over time. The conclusion is evidenced with regards to words or phrases concerned with a particular group of people of the language science, the language of medicine, the language law, and the language of advertisement. Indeed, several factors contribute to language change, invented words, borrowing, new technologies, trades and migration often occurring in response to social, economic and political pressures if enough users alter the way the language should be spoken. The study concludes there are positive effects on language changes, which include the accommodation of new inventions, standardization of the language and the linguistic historic evolution. There are also negative effects based on communication challenges, misunderstanding and linguistic interferences.
    VL  - 7
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Arts and Humanities, Universidade Licungo, Quelimane, Mozambique

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