Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study

Osama Jabr Emad; Abdalkarim Said Radwan; Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama; Mohammed Jaser Afana

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13

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Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study

Osama Jabr Emad, Abdalkarim Said Radwan, Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama, Mohammed Jaser Afana

Published in International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 19 February 2021 Accepted: 11 March 2021 Published: 26 March 2021

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Abstract

Background: Healthcare providers are engaged in providing patient care and may expose to COVID-19 during their work, Understanding the psychological impact of the COVID-19 among health care providers is important in facing the pandemic. Objective: We examined the psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip. Methods: The descriptive design was used, 231 health care providers for corona patients were selected purposively, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) In addition to information on demographic characteristics was used in this study. Results: The mean weight for depression domain 68% and the mean weight for anxiety 69%, on the other hand, the mean weight for stress 67%, the study show that Mean Rank and the p-value equal 0.693, which is greater than 0.05, which means there are no significant differences between psychological distresses due to gender among healthcare providers during the Covid-19 pandemic, the study found that the p-value <0.05, which means there are significant differences between psychological distresses due to years of experience in favor of more than 12 years and type of job in favor of Nonmedical Health Care Personnel. Conclusion: Our study highlights that nonmedical health care personnel are at the highest risk for psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Published in	International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13
Page(s)	13-16
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

COVID-19, Psychological Distress, Health Providers

References

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[3]	Shanafelt, T. Ripp, J. Trockel, M. (2020). Understanding and addressing sources of anxiety among health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Jama, 323 (21), 2133-2134.‏
[4]	Brooks, S. K. Webster, R. K. Smith, L. E. Woodland, L. Wessely, S. Greenberg, N. Rubin, G. J. (2020) the psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet.‏
[5]	Alser, O. AlWaheidi, S. Elessi, K. Meghari, H. (2020). COVID-19 in Gaza: a pandemic spreading in a place already under protracted lockdown. Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal, 26 (7), 762-763.‏
[6]	World Health Organization (2020) Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak, 18 March 2020 (No. WHO/2019-nCoV/Mental Health/2020.1). World Health Organization.‏
[7]	Rector, N. (2011) Anxiety disorders, an information guide, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. A pan American Health organization, world health organization.
[8]	World Health Organization (2016) mhGAP intervention guide for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in non-specialized health settings: mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) – version 2.0. ISBN 978 92 4 154979 0.
[9]	Fink, G. (2016) Stress concepts and cognition, emotion, and behavior. (1 ed.). Amsterdam: Academic Press.
[10]	Lovibond SH, Lovibond PF (1995) Manual for the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. 2d ed. Sydney, Psychology Foundation of Australia.
[11]	Al-Hanawi, M. K. Mwale, M. L. Alshareef, N. Qattan, A. M. Angawi, K. Almubark, R. Alsharqi, O. (2020). Psychological Distress amongst Health Workers and the General Public during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 13, 733.‏
[12]	Tan, B. Y. Chew, N. W. Lee, G. K. Jing, M. Goh, Y. Yeo, L. L. Shanmugam, G. N. (2020). Psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health care workers in Singapore. Annals of Internal Medicine.‏
[13]	Kafle K, Shrestha DB, Baniya A, Lamichhane S, Shahi M, Gurung B, et al. (2021) Psychological distress among health service providers during COVID-19 pandemicin Nepal. PLoSONE 16 (2): e0246784. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246784.
[14]	Bao Y, SunY, Meng S, ShiJ, LuL. 2019- nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society. Lancet. 2020; 395: e37–e38. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3PMID:3204398.
[15]	Shrestha B, Thapa B B, Katuwal N, Shrestha B, Pant C, Basnet B, et al. Psychological distress in Nepalese residents during COVID-19 pandemic: a community-level survey Psychiatry. 2020; 20: 491. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02904-6 PMID:33023563

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APA Style

Osama Jabr Emad, Abdalkarim Said Radwan, Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama, Mohammed Jaser Afana. (2021). Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study. International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 6(1), 13-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13

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ACS Style

Osama Jabr Emad; Abdalkarim Said Radwan; Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama; Mohammed Jaser Afana. Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study. Int. J. Psychol. Brain Sci. 2021, 6(1), 13-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13

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AMA Style

Osama Jabr Emad, Abdalkarim Said Radwan, Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama, Mohammed Jaser Afana. Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Psychol Brain Sci. 2021;6(1):13-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13,
  author = {Osama Jabr Emad and Abdalkarim Said Radwan and Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama and Mohammed Jaser Afana},
  title = {Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study},
  journal = {International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {13-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijpbs.20210601.13},
  abstract = {Background: Healthcare providers are engaged in providing patient care and may expose to COVID-19 during their work, Understanding the psychological impact of the COVID-19 among health care providers is important in facing the pandemic. Objective: We examined the psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip. Methods: The descriptive design was used, 231 health care providers for corona patients were selected purposively, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) In addition to information on demographic characteristics was used in this study. Results: The mean weight for depression domain 68% and the mean weight for anxiety 69%, on the other hand, the mean weight for stress 67%, the study show that Mean Rank and the p-value equal 0.693, which is greater than 0.05, which means there are no significant differences between psychological distresses due to gender among healthcare providers during the Covid-19 pandemic, the study found that the p-value <0.05, which means there are significant differences between psychological distresses due to years of experience in favor of more than 12 years and type of job in favor of Nonmedical Health Care Personnel. Conclusion: Our study highlights that nonmedical health care personnel are at the highest risk for psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
 year = {2021}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study
AU  - Osama Jabr Emad
AU  - Abdalkarim Said Radwan
AU  - Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama
AU  - Mohammed Jaser Afana
Y1  - 2021/03/26
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13
T2  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
SP  - 13
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1573
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13
AB  - Background: Healthcare providers are engaged in providing patient care and may expose to COVID-19 during their work, Understanding the psychological impact of the COVID-19 among health care providers is important in facing the pandemic. Objective: We examined the psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip. Methods: The descriptive design was used, 231 health care providers for corona patients were selected purposively, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) In addition to information on demographic characteristics was used in this study. Results: The mean weight for depression domain 68% and the mean weight for anxiety 69%, on the other hand, the mean weight for stress 67%, the study show that Mean Rank and the p-value equal 0.693, which is greater than 0.05, which means there are no significant differences between psychological distresses due to gender among healthcare providers during the Covid-19 pandemic, the study found that the p-value <0.05, which means there are significant differences between psychological distresses due to years of experience in favor of more than 12 years and type of job in favor of Nonmedical Health Care Personnel. Conclusion: Our study highlights that nonmedical health care personnel are at the highest risk for psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Osama Jabr Emad

Research Department, Ministry of Health, General Mental Health Directorate, Gaza, Palestine
Abdalkarim Said Radwan

Faculty of Nursing, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine
Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama

General Mental Health Directorate, Gaza, Palestine
Mohammed Jaser Afana

General Mental Health Directorate, Gaza, Palestine

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APA Style

Osama Jabr Emad, Abdalkarim Said Radwan, Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama, Mohammed Jaser Afana. (2021). Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study. International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences, 6(1), 13-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13

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ACS Style

Osama Jabr Emad; Abdalkarim Said Radwan; Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama; Mohammed Jaser Afana. Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study. Int. J. Psychol. Brain Sci. 2021, 6(1), 13-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13

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AMA Style

Osama Jabr Emad, Abdalkarim Said Radwan, Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama, Mohammed Jaser Afana. Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study. Int J Psychol Brain Sci. 2021;6(1):13-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13,
  author = {Osama Jabr Emad and Abdalkarim Said Radwan and Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama and Mohammed Jaser Afana},
  title = {Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study},
  journal = {International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {13-16},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijpbs.20210601.13},
  abstract = {Background: Healthcare providers are engaged in providing patient care and may expose to COVID-19 during their work, Understanding the psychological impact of the COVID-19 among health care providers is important in facing the pandemic. Objective: We examined the psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip. Methods: The descriptive design was used, 231 health care providers for corona patients were selected purposively, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) In addition to information on demographic characteristics was used in this study. Results: The mean weight for depression domain 68% and the mean weight for anxiety 69%, on the other hand, the mean weight for stress 67%, the study show that Mean Rank and the p-value equal 0.693, which is greater than 0.05, which means there are no significant differences between psychological distresses due to gender among healthcare providers during the Covid-19 pandemic, the study found that the p-value <0.05, which means there are significant differences between psychological distresses due to years of experience in favor of more than 12 years and type of job in favor of Nonmedical Health Care Personnel. Conclusion: Our study highlights that nonmedical health care personnel are at the highest risk for psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.},
 year = {2021}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Psychological Distress Among Healthcare Providers During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip: A Cross-sectional Study
AU  - Osama Jabr Emad
AU  - Abdalkarim Said Radwan
AU  - Hassan Mohammed Abu Rhama
AU  - Mohammed Jaser Afana
Y1  - 2021/03/26
PY  - 2021
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13
T2  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JF  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
JO  - International Journal of Psychological and Brain Sciences
SP  - 13
EP  - 16
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1573
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijpbs.20210601.13
AB  - Background: Healthcare providers are engaged in providing patient care and may expose to COVID-19 during their work, Understanding the psychological impact of the COVID-19 among health care providers is important in facing the pandemic. Objective: We examined the psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and stress among healthcare providers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Gaza Strip. Methods: The descriptive design was used, 231 health care providers for corona patients were selected purposively, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales (DASS-21) In addition to information on demographic characteristics was used in this study. Results: The mean weight for depression domain 68% and the mean weight for anxiety 69%, on the other hand, the mean weight for stress 67%, the study show that Mean Rank and the p-value equal 0.693, which is greater than 0.05, which means there are no significant differences between psychological distresses due to gender among healthcare providers during the Covid-19 pandemic, the study found that the p-value <0.05, which means there are significant differences between psychological distresses due to years of experience in favor of more than 12 years and type of job in favor of Nonmedical Health Care Personnel. Conclusion: Our study highlights that nonmedical health care personnel are at the highest risk for psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.
VL  - 6
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download