Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates

Grant Keeble Kululanga; Blaston Chirwa; Innocent Kafodya; Peter Mbewe

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11

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Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates

Grant Keeble Kululanga, Blaston Chirwa, Innocent Kafodya, Peter Mbewe

Published in Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 5)

Received: 21 September 2022 Accepted: 17 October 2022 Published: 28 October 2022

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Abstract

The continued disposal of waste glass and waste car tyres have become a nuisance to communities and threaten the environmental sustainability of the world. Therefore, recycling waste glass and rubber materials for application in concrete production can become one of the positive means of managing the waste crisis in the world from discarded waste glass and waste car tyres. This paper reports on the performance strength of concrete by investigating a mixture of waste glass and waste rubber tyre crumbs as an alternative fine aggregate replacement of sand. A blend of equally mixed waste glass (50%) and crumbs from waste rubber tyres (50%) was made. One hundred and eighty (180) concrete specimens in 50 mm by 50 mm cylinders moulds of varying replacement of sand aggregate of: 0%; 10%; 20%; 30%; and 40% by weight were prepared. The specimens were made by design mixes of 1:2 and 1:3 of cement to blend of waste glass combined with waste rubber to sand by weight. Such specimens were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days before determining the unconfined comprehensive, flexural and tensile strengths. The results showed that a mixture of waste glass and crumbs from rubber car tyres as partial replacement of sand were more than the referral conventional concrete at all the replacement levels of the natural sand fine aggregate. The study forms the basis for further research; replication of this study could yield rich lessons for concrete production using blended or mixed wastes of glass and rubber.

Published in	Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 5)
DOI	10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11
Page(s)	86-92
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mixed Waste, Waste Glass and Rubber, Concrete, Recycling, Environment

References

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[2]	P. Turgut, and E. S. Yahlizade, “Research into Concrete Blocks with Waste Glass”, International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering 1: 4 2009. 67, 1999.
[3]	S. C., Jagadale, K., Rajkumar, R. P., Chavan, D. N. Shinde, and C. L. Patil, “Environmental concern of pollution in rubber industry,” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, vol. 4, no. 11, pp. 187-191, 2015.
[4]	A. Sofi “Effect of waste tyre rubber on mechanical and durability properties of concrete – A review A. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, Vol. 9, Jan 2018 pp. 2691-2700.
[5]	A. Mohajerania., L. Burnetta, J. V. Smitha, S. Markovskia, G. Rodwella, M. T. Rahmana H. Kurmusa, M. Mirzababaeib, A. Arulrajahc, S. Horpibulsuk, F. Maghoolc “Recycling waste rubber tyres in construction materials and associated environmental considerations: A review” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 155, April 2020, 104679.
[6]	W. Ferdous, A. Manalo, R. Siddique, P. Mendis, Y. Hong, S. Wong, W. Lokuge, T. Aravinthan, P. Schubel “Recycling of landfill wastes (tyres, plastics and glass) in construction – A review on global waste generation, performance, application and future opportunities” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 173, October 2021, 105745.
[7]	M. M. Balaha, A. A. Badawy, and M. Hashish, “Effect of using ground waste tire rubber as fine aggregate on the behaviour of concrete mixes,” Indian Journal of Engineering and Materials Sciences, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 427-435, 2007.
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[11]	C. R. Gagg. “Cement and concrete as an engineering material: An historic appraisal and case study analysis.” Engineering Failure Analysis, Vol. 40, May 2014, pp. 114-140.
[12]	S. P., Gautam, V. Srivastava, and V. C. Agarwal, “Use of glass wastes as fine aggregate in concrete. Journal of Academic Industrial Research,” vol. 1, no. 6, pp. 320-374, 2012.
[13]	Malik, Muzafar Bashir, Sajad Ahmad, Tabish Tariq, Umar Chowdhary Study of Concrete Involving Use of Waste Glass as Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates M. Iqbal Journal of Engineering Vol. 3, Issue 7 (July. 2013), V6 PP 08-13.
[14]	A. Shayan and A. Xu, “Value added utilization of waste glass in concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research, vol-34, pp. 81-89, Jan. 2004.
[15]	Corinaldesi, G. Gnappi, G. Moriconi, and A. Montenero, “Reuse of ground waste glass as aggregate for mortars”, Waste Management, vol. 2, pp. 197-201, Jan. 2005.
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APA Style

Grant Keeble Kululanga, Blaston Chirwa, Innocent Kafodya, Peter Mbewe. (2022). Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates. Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, 7(5), 86-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11

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ACS Style

Grant Keeble Kululanga; Blaston Chirwa; Innocent Kafodya; Peter Mbewe. Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates. J. Civ. Constr. Environ. Eng. 2022, 7(5), 86-92. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11

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AMA Style

Grant Keeble Kululanga, Blaston Chirwa, Innocent Kafodya, Peter Mbewe. Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates. J Civ Constr Environ Eng. 2022;7(5):86-92. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11,
  author = {Grant Keeble Kululanga and Blaston Chirwa and Innocent Kafodya and Peter Mbewe},
  title = {Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates},
  journal = {Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {5},
  pages = {86-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jccee.20220705.11},
  abstract = {The continued disposal of waste glass and waste car tyres have become a nuisance to communities and threaten the environmental sustainability of the world. Therefore, recycling waste glass and rubber materials for application in concrete production can become one of the positive means of managing the waste crisis in the world from discarded waste glass and waste car tyres. This paper reports on the performance strength of concrete by investigating a mixture of waste glass and waste rubber tyre crumbs as an alternative fine aggregate replacement of sand. A blend of equally mixed waste glass (50%) and crumbs from waste rubber tyres (50%) was made. One hundred and eighty (180) concrete specimens in 50 mm by 50 mm cylinders moulds of varying replacement of sand aggregate of: 0%; 10%; 20%; 30%; and 40% by weight were prepared. The specimens were made by design mixes of 1:2 and 1:3 of cement to blend of waste glass combined with waste rubber to sand by weight. Such specimens were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days before determining the unconfined comprehensive, flexural and tensile strengths. The results showed that a mixture of waste glass and crumbs from rubber car tyres as partial replacement of sand were more than the referral conventional concrete at all the replacement levels of the natural sand fine aggregate. The study forms the basis for further research; replication of this study could yield rich lessons for concrete production using blended or mixed wastes of glass and rubber.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates
AU  - Grant Keeble Kululanga
AU  - Blaston Chirwa
AU  - Innocent Kafodya
AU  - Peter Mbewe
Y1  - 2022/10/28
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11
T2  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
JO  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
SP  - 86
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-3890
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11
AB  - The continued disposal of waste glass and waste car tyres have become a nuisance to communities and threaten the environmental sustainability of the world. Therefore, recycling waste glass and rubber materials for application in concrete production can become one of the positive means of managing the waste crisis in the world from discarded waste glass and waste car tyres. This paper reports on the performance strength of concrete by investigating a mixture of waste glass and waste rubber tyre crumbs as an alternative fine aggregate replacement of sand. A blend of equally mixed waste glass (50%) and crumbs from waste rubber tyres (50%) was made. One hundred and eighty (180) concrete specimens in 50 mm by 50 mm cylinders moulds of varying replacement of sand aggregate of: 0%; 10%; 20%; 30%; and 40% by weight were prepared. The specimens were made by design mixes of 1:2 and 1:3 of cement to blend of waste glass combined with waste rubber to sand by weight. Such specimens were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days before determining the unconfined comprehensive, flexural and tensile strengths. The results showed that a mixture of waste glass and crumbs from rubber car tyres as partial replacement of sand were more than the referral conventional concrete at all the replacement levels of the natural sand fine aggregate. The study forms the basis for further research; replication of this study could yield rich lessons for concrete production using blended or mixed wastes of glass and rubber.
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
ER  -

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Author Information

Grant Keeble Kululanga

School of Engineering, Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
Blaston Chirwa

School of Engineering, Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
Innocent Kafodya

School of Engineering, Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
Peter Mbewe

School of Engineering, Malawi University of Business and Applied Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi

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APA Style

Grant Keeble Kululanga, Blaston Chirwa, Innocent Kafodya, Peter Mbewe. (2022). Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates. Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, 7(5), 86-92. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11

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ACS Style

Grant Keeble Kululanga; Blaston Chirwa; Innocent Kafodya; Peter Mbewe. Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates. J. Civ. Constr. Environ. Eng. 2022, 7(5), 86-92. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11

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AMA Style

Grant Keeble Kululanga, Blaston Chirwa, Innocent Kafodya, Peter Mbewe. Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates. J Civ Constr Environ Eng. 2022;7(5):86-92. doi: 10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11,
  author = {Grant Keeble Kululanga and Blaston Chirwa and Innocent Kafodya and Peter Mbewe},
  title = {Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates},
  journal = {Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {5},
  pages = {86-92},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jccee.20220705.11},
  abstract = {The continued disposal of waste glass and waste car tyres have become a nuisance to communities and threaten the environmental sustainability of the world. Therefore, recycling waste glass and rubber materials for application in concrete production can become one of the positive means of managing the waste crisis in the world from discarded waste glass and waste car tyres. This paper reports on the performance strength of concrete by investigating a mixture of waste glass and waste rubber tyre crumbs as an alternative fine aggregate replacement of sand. A blend of equally mixed waste glass (50%) and crumbs from waste rubber tyres (50%) was made. One hundred and eighty (180) concrete specimens in 50 mm by 50 mm cylinders moulds of varying replacement of sand aggregate of: 0%; 10%; 20%; 30%; and 40% by weight were prepared. The specimens were made by design mixes of 1:2 and 1:3 of cement to blend of waste glass combined with waste rubber to sand by weight. Such specimens were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days before determining the unconfined comprehensive, flexural and tensile strengths. The results showed that a mixture of waste glass and crumbs from rubber car tyres as partial replacement of sand were more than the referral conventional concrete at all the replacement levels of the natural sand fine aggregate. The study forms the basis for further research; replication of this study could yield rich lessons for concrete production using blended or mixed wastes of glass and rubber.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Investigation of Partial Replacement of Sand by Blending Glass and Rubber Aggregates
AU  - Grant Keeble Kululanga
AU  - Blaston Chirwa
AU  - Innocent Kafodya
AU  - Peter Mbewe
Y1  - 2022/10/28
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11
T2  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
JF  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
JO  - Journal of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering
SP  - 86
EP  - 92
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2637-3890
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jccee.20220705.11
AB  - The continued disposal of waste glass and waste car tyres have become a nuisance to communities and threaten the environmental sustainability of the world. Therefore, recycling waste glass and rubber materials for application in concrete production can become one of the positive means of managing the waste crisis in the world from discarded waste glass and waste car tyres. This paper reports on the performance strength of concrete by investigating a mixture of waste glass and waste rubber tyre crumbs as an alternative fine aggregate replacement of sand. A blend of equally mixed waste glass (50%) and crumbs from waste rubber tyres (50%) was made. One hundred and eighty (180) concrete specimens in 50 mm by 50 mm cylinders moulds of varying replacement of sand aggregate of: 0%; 10%; 20%; 30%; and 40% by weight were prepared. The specimens were made by design mixes of 1:2 and 1:3 of cement to blend of waste glass combined with waste rubber to sand by weight. Such specimens were cured for 7, 14 and 28 days before determining the unconfined comprehensive, flexural and tensile strengths. The results showed that a mixture of waste glass and crumbs from rubber car tyres as partial replacement of sand were more than the referral conventional concrete at all the replacement levels of the natural sand fine aggregate. The study forms the basis for further research; replication of this study could yield rich lessons for concrete production using blended or mixed wastes of glass and rubber.
VL  - 7
IS  - 5
ER  -

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