Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of <i>Citrus medica </i>Extract

Choudhary Dimple; Naik Archana

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11

| Peer-Reviewed

Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract

Choudhary Dimple, Naik Archana

Published in Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 3)

Received: 29 May 2022 Accepted: 22 June 2022 Published: 28 July 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Citrus medica is very popular in traditional system of medicine specially in China and India. The fruit possesses various medicinal activities. Many studies have been conducted on Citrus medica to authenticate its use as multipurpose medicinal agent. Aim of current study was to standardize the fruit of Citrus medica followed by evaluation of anti-urolithiasis activity and preparation of formulation. Flavonoid rich extract of Citrus medicawas prepared by maceration followed by liquid liquid extraction. Qualitative analysis was carried by TLC. Extract was then subjected to spray drying process to get free following powder for formulation. Standardization of flavonoid rich extract of fruit of CM was carried out by HPTLC method using toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (6:4:0.1 v/v) asmobile phaseand Silica gel GF 254nm as stationary phase with biomarker i.e. naringenin. Detection was carried out at 281 nm. Total flavonoid content was estimated by UV spectroscopy by considering quercetin as standard. Anti-urolithiasis activity was evaluated by in-vitro model using cystone as standard agent used for kidney stone. Extract showed potent activity as compared to standard. Spray dried powder of flavonoid rich extract was then incorporated in tablet formulation. Evaluation of tablet was carried out as per guidelines and it passes as per the specifications. Hence Citrus medica fruits which are traditionally popular is proved as potent agent as well as standardization give assurity about quality of the herbal formulation and can be used as potent anti-urolithiatic agent in ayurvedic era.

Published in	Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11
Page(s)	34-40
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Urolithiasis, Citrus medica, Citron, Bajura, Bijapura, Kidney Stone, Standardization

References

[1]	Chhikara N, Kour R, Jaglan S, Gupta P, Gat Y, Panghal A. Citrus medica: nutritional, phytochemical composition and health benefits–a review. Food & function. 2018; 9 (4): 1978-92.
[2]	Lu Y, Zhang C, Bucheli P, Wei D. Citrus flavonoids in fruit and traditional Chinese medicinal food ingredients in China. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition. 2006 Jun; 61 (2): 55-63.
[3]	Klein JD. Citron cultivation, production and uses in the Mediterranean region. InMedicinal and Aromatic Plants of the Middle-East 2014 (pp. 199-214). Springer, Dordrecht.
[4]	Venturini N, Barboni T, Curk F, Costa J, Paolini J. Volatile and flavonoid composition of the peel of Citrus medica L. var. Corsican fruit for quality assessment of its liqueur. Food technology and biotechnology. 2014 Dec 15; 52 (4): 403-10.
[5]	Panara K, Joshi K, Nishteswar K. A review on phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Citrus medica Linn. Int. J. Pharm. Biol. Arch. 2012; 3 (6): 1292-7.
[6]	Manisha V Kalariya.; Rakesh P Prajapati.; “Pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation of Bijapur (Citrus medica Linn.) fruit” Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2019; 8 (3): 4159-4164.
[7]	Royal Horticultural Society (Great Britain) (1894). "Scientific Committee, March 28, 1893: The Antiquity of the Citron in Egypt". Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society. 16.
[8]	Hetta MH, El-Alfy TS, Yassin NZ, Abdel-Rahman RF, Kadry EM. Phytochemical and antihyperglycemic studies on Citrus medica L. leaves (Etrog) growing in Egypt. Int J PharmacognPhytochem Res. 2013; 5: 271-7.
[9]	Nagaraju B, Anand SC, Ahmed N, Chandra JN, Ahmed F, Padmavathi GV. Antiulcer activity of aqueous extract of Citrus medica Linn. fruit against ethanol induced ulcer in rats. Advances in Biological Research. 2012; 6 (1): 24-9.
[10]	Adham AA. Phytochemical analysis and evaluation antibacterial activity of Citrus medica peel and juice growing in Kurdistan/Iraq. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2015 Oct; 5 (10): 136-41.
[11]	Fuller D, Castillo CR, Kingwell-Banham EL, Qin L, Weisskopf AL. Charred pomelo peel, historical linguistics and other tree crops: approaches to framing the historical context of early Citrus cultivation in East, South and Southeast Asia. Publications du Centre Jean Bérard.
[12]	Yadav RD, Jain SK, Alok S, Mahor A, Bharti JP, Jaiswal M. Herbal plants used in the treatment of urolithiasis: a review. IJPSR. 2011 Jun 1; 2 (6): 1412-20.
[13]	Khan KA, Khan RA, Zakir M. MANAGEMENT OF HASĀH WA RAML AL-KULYA (NEPHROLITHIASIS) IN UNANI SYSTEM OF MEDICINE: A REVIEW. CELLMED. 2020; 10 (3): Pages. 19. 1-19. 6.
[14]	Peikes A. The Formation and Manifestation of Kidney Stones. The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences. 2020; 14 (1): 79-85.
[15]	https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-stones/symptoms-causes/syc-20355755
[16]	Chavada KS, Fadadu KN, Patel KV, Patel KG, Gandhi TR. EFFECT OF FLAVANOID RICH FRACTION OF CITRUS MEDICA LINN. (RUTACEA) ON ETHYLENE GLYCOL INDUCED UROLITHIASIS IN RATS. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2012 Jul 15; 2 (4).
[17]	Shah AP, Patel S, Patel K, Gandhi T. Effect of Citrus medica Linn. in urolithiasis induced by ethylene glycol model. Iranian Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 2015 Aug 10; 13 (1): 35-0.
[18]	Al-Yahya MA, Mothana RA, Al-Said MS, Al-Dosari M, Al-Sohaibani M, Parvez MK, Rafatullah S. PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF CITRUS MEDICA'OTROJ'EXTRACT ON GENTAMICIN-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY AND OXIDATIVE DAMAGE IN RAT KIDNEY. Digest Journal of Nanomaterials & Biostructures (DJNB). 2015 Jan 1; 10 (1).
[19]	Leticia Malgarim Cordenonsi, Rafaela Martins. STUDY OF FLAVONOIDS PRESENT IN POMELO (Citrus Maxima) BY DSC, UV-VIS, IR, 1H AND 13C NMR AND MS. Drug Anal Res, 2017; 01, 31-37.
[20]	Celiz Gustavo, Analía Arias. Synthesis, structural elucidation and antiradical activity of a copper (II) naringenin complex. Springer Nature B. V. 2019.
[21]	Jineetkumar Gawad.; “EVALUATION OF POLYHERBAL EXTRACTS FOR IN-VITRO ANTIUROLITHIATIC ACTIVITY USING BIOENHANCER” ejbps, 2014, Volume 1, Issue 3, 480-489.
[22]	Sharma I, Khan W, Ahmad S. In vitro and ex vivo approach for anti-urolithiatic potential of bioactive fractions of gokhru with simultaneous HPLC analysis of six major metabolites and their exploration in rat plasma. Pharmaceutical biology. 2017 Jan 1; 55 (1): 701-11.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Choudhary Dimple, Naik Archana. (2022). Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract. Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, 8(3), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Choudhary Dimple; Naik Archana. Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract. J. Drug Des. Med. Chem. 2022, 8(3), 34-40. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Choudhary Dimple, Naik Archana. Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract. J Drug Des Med Chem. 2022;8(3):34-40. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11,
  author = {Choudhary Dimple and Naik Archana},
  title = {Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract},
  journal = {Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {34-40},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jddmc.20220803.11},
  abstract = {Citrus medica is very popular in traditional system of medicine specially in China and India. The fruit possesses various medicinal activities. Many studies have been conducted on Citrus medica to authenticate its use as multipurpose medicinal agent. Aim of current study was to standardize the fruit of Citrus medica followed by evaluation of anti-urolithiasis activity and preparation of formulation. Flavonoid rich extract of Citrus medicawas prepared by maceration followed by liquid liquid extraction. Qualitative analysis was carried by TLC. Extract was then subjected to spray drying process to get free following powder for formulation. Standardization of flavonoid rich extract of fruit of CM was carried out by HPTLC method using toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (6:4:0.1 v/v) asmobile phaseand Silica gel GF 254nm as stationary phase with biomarker i.e. naringenin. Detection was carried out at 281 nm. Total flavonoid content was estimated by UV spectroscopy by considering quercetin as standard. Anti-urolithiasis activity was evaluated by in-vitro model using cystone as standard agent used for kidney stone. Extract showed potent activity as compared to standard. Spray dried powder of flavonoid rich extract was then incorporated in tablet formulation. Evaluation of tablet was carried out as per guidelines and it passes as per the specifications. Hence Citrus medica fruits which are traditionally popular is proved as potent agent as well as standardization give assurity about quality of the herbal formulation and can be used as potent anti-urolithiatic agent in ayurvedic era.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract
AU - Choudhary Dimple
AU - Naik Archana
Y1 - 2022/07/28
PY - 2022
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11
DO - 10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11
T2 - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
JF - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
JO - Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry
SP - 34
EP - 40
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2472-3576
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11
AB - Citrus medica is very popular in traditional system of medicine specially in China and India. The fruit possesses various medicinal activities. Many studies have been conducted on Citrus medica to authenticate its use as multipurpose medicinal agent. Aim of current study was to standardize the fruit of Citrus medica followed by evaluation of anti-urolithiasis activity and preparation of formulation. Flavonoid rich extract of Citrus medicawas prepared by maceration followed by liquid liquid extraction. Qualitative analysis was carried by TLC. Extract was then subjected to spray drying process to get free following powder for formulation. Standardization of flavonoid rich extract of fruit of CM was carried out by HPTLC method using toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (6:4:0.1 v/v) asmobile phaseand Silica gel GF 254nm as stationary phase with biomarker i.e. naringenin. Detection was carried out at 281 nm. Total flavonoid content was estimated by UV spectroscopy by considering quercetin as standard. Anti-urolithiasis activity was evaluated by in-vitro model using cystone as standard agent used for kidney stone. Extract showed potent activity as compared to standard. Spray dried powder of flavonoid rich extract was then incorporated in tablet formulation. Evaluation of tablet was carried out as per guidelines and it passes as per the specifications. Hence Citrus medica fruits which are traditionally popular is proved as potent agent as well as standardization give assurity about quality of the herbal formulation and can be used as potent anti-urolithiatic agent in ayurvedic era.
VL - 8
IS - 3
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Choudhary Dimple

Saraswathi Vidya Bhavan’s College of Pharmacy, Dombivli, India
Naik Archana

Saraswathi Vidya Bhavan’s College of Pharmacy, Dombivli, India

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Choudhary Dimple, Naik Archana. (2022). Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract. Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry, 8(3), 34-40. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Choudhary Dimple; Naik Archana. Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract. J. Drug Des. Med. Chem. 2022, 8(3), 34-40. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Choudhary Dimple, Naik Archana. Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract. J Drug Des Med Chem. 2022;8(3):34-40. doi: 10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11,
  author = {Choudhary Dimple and Naik Archana},
  title = {Standardization, Optimization of Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Anti-urolithiasis Activity of Citrus medica Extract},
  journal = {Journal of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry},
  volume = {8},
  number = {3},
  pages = {34-40},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jddmc.20220803.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jddmc.20220803.11},
  abstract = {Citrus medica is very popular in traditional system of medicine specially in China and India. The fruit possesses various medicinal activities. Many studies have been conducted on Citrus medica to authenticate its use as multipurpose medicinal agent. Aim of current study was to standardize the fruit of Citrus medica followed by evaluation of anti-urolithiasis activity and preparation of formulation. Flavonoid rich extract of Citrus medicawas prepared by maceration followed by liquid liquid extraction. Qualitative analysis was carried by TLC. Extract was then subjected to spray drying process to get free following powder for formulation. Standardization of flavonoid rich extract of fruit of CM was carried out by HPTLC method using toluene: ethyl acetate: formic acid (6:4:0.1 v/v) asmobile phaseand Silica gel GF 254nm as stationary phase with biomarker i.e. naringenin. Detection was carried out at 281 nm. Total flavonoid content was estimated by UV spectroscopy by considering quercetin as standard. Anti-urolithiasis activity was evaluated by in-vitro model using cystone as standard agent used for kidney stone. Extract showed potent activity as compared to standard. Spray dried powder of flavonoid rich extract was then incorporated in tablet formulation. Evaluation of tablet was carried out as per guidelines and it passes as per the specifications. Hence Citrus medica fruits which are traditionally popular is proved as potent agent as well as standardization give assurity about quality of the herbal formulation and can be used as potent anti-urolithiatic agent in ayurvedic era.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download