-
The Potential of Stem Cells in Regenerative Medicine, Diseases Therapeutics and Research
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
1-15
Received:
10 February 2022
Accepted:
17 March 2022
Published:
8 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.cb.20221001.11
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Stem cells are a form of indistinct cells with the capability to self-renew and replicate. Stem cells originate from a single cell and differentiate into a range of cells and organs in the normal course of things. Stem cells can be used to heal damaged cells or rebuild tissues in cellular treatment. Furthermore, stem cells have advanced our knowledge of both development and disease pathogenesis. Cell lines that are particular to a disease can be produced and employed in medication research. Despite considerable advancements in stem cell biology, ethical concerns about embryonic stem cells, tumor development, and rejection limit their application. Many of these constraints, however, are being circumvented, which could lead to considerable breakthroughs in disease management. This session covers the basics of stem cells, such as their definition, origin, and classification, as well as their applications in regenerative therapy and cell therapy. Stem cells are classified as pluripotent, multipotent, totipotent, or unipotent depending on their potential, and as embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, or induced pluripotent stem cells based on their origin. The goal of embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells in regenerative therapy, a relatively new field of medicine, is to restore the function of specific tissue and/or organs in patients who have suffered catastrophic injuries or chronic disease conditions. The clinical relevance of stem cells in treating cancer, vision loss, diabetes, and burns has sparked a surge in scientific and medical interest in stem cells. In addition, stem cells will be explored for disease modeling and medication development, as well as stem cell and tissue banks for various research goals and future usage. In addition, the limitations of stem cell-based treatments will be investigated.
Abstract: Stem cells are a form of indistinct cells with the capability to self-renew and replicate. Stem cells originate from a single cell and differentiate into a range of cells and organs in the normal course of things. Stem cells can be used to heal damaged cells or rebuild tissues in cellular treatment. Furthermore, stem cells have advanced our knowled...
Show More
-
In vitro Clonal Propagation of Korarima (Aframomum corrorima (Braun) P.C.M. Jansen) on Improved Varieties of Bonga1 and Benchmajji1
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
16-24
Received:
25 March 2022
Accepted:
20 April 2022
Published:
28 April 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.cb.20221001.12
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Korarima (Aframomum corrorima (Braun) P.C.M. Jansen) is a diploid, 2n=48, monocious, perennial and aromatic herb species under family Zingiberaceae. It is a native plant preferred as an aromatic in regular Ethiopian serving dishes and locally choice in traditional medicine. However, commercial exploitation of this crop is hampered due to poor rate of seed germination and slow multiplication rate of the rhizomes along with other agronomic predicaments. Thus, the present study was aimed at in vitro micro propagations of two Aframomum corrorima cultivars of Bonga1 and Benchmajji1. Based on the results, better response was observed in rhizome bud explants with the highest mean number of micro shoots per explants, 4.33±0.33 and 4.67±0.33 for cv. Bonga1 and Benchmajji1 respectively, whereas 3.33±0.33 and 3.00±0.00 for cv. Bonga1 and Benchmajji1 respectively on the MS basal medium added BA 2.0mg/l and KN 0.5 mg/l. For multiplication, the highest mean number of shoots per explants (4.67±0.33) was obtained from the MS medium supplemented with combination of 3.0mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l KN for cv. Bonga1, and the highest mean number of shoots per explants (4.00±0.00) has been found from the MS medium enhanced with 2.0mg/l BA from shoot tip explants. For rooting induction, the highest mean number of roots per explants (15.00±1.15) was obtained in the MS supplemented with 1.0mg/l NAA for cv. Bonga1, and the highest mean number of roots per explants (17.33±0.88) was observed in the MS supplemented with 1.5mg/l IBA and 2.0mg/l for genotype cv. Benchmajji1, but the highest root length was obtained in ex vitro rooting with sand and vermi-compost at ratio of 2:1 with 1mg/l IBA three times per a week.
Abstract: Korarima (Aframomum corrorima (Braun) P.C.M. Jansen) is a diploid, 2n=48, monocious, perennial and aromatic herb species under family Zingiberaceae. It is a native plant preferred as an aromatic in regular Ethiopian serving dishes and locally choice in traditional medicine. However, commercial exploitation of this crop is hampered due to poor rate ...
Show More
-
Pathoanatomic Changes in Helminthic Diseases of Karakul Sheep
Vakhidova Adolat Mamatkulovna,
Khudoyarova Gavhar Nurmamatovna,
Khudzhanova Muattar Absalamovna,
Alimova Ozoda Bekmurodovna
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
25-30
Received:
9 April 2022
Accepted:
23 April 2022
Published:
19 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.cb.20221001.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Many helminthiasis of sheep, in particular gastrointestinal, they cause significant economic damage to sheep breeding. An analysis of the literature and the results of many years of research by Uzbek scientists shows that with pasture keeping of sheep, almost all animals in the flock are infected with different types of helminths, mainly strongyloids. It should be noted that helminthic diseases, as a pathological condition of the body, does not stop with the elimination of the pathogen. Restoration of impaired body functions occurs over a more or less long time and this is due to the intensity of invasion, as well as the type of pathogen and immunoreactivity of Karakul sheep. And our research allows us to find out pathological changes in the body during pasture and experimental infection of an animal. The purpose of the work. Subject to a thorough pathoanatomic examination of experimental and pasture animals. Materials and methods of research. For experiments on the study of experimental marshallagiosis and nematodirosis of sheep, 13 agelmentose Karakul sheep and 14 fallen animals were taken. Results. Among the pathological changes that are important for pathoanatomic diagnostics, as well as for clarifying pathogenesis issues, changes in the rennet and small intestine of the invaded animals play a special role. The dynamics of pathological changes in the rennet and small intestine (hyperemia, hemorrhages, erosion, development of parasitic nodules, ulceration) during the growth and development of marshallagias indicate the mechanism of their pathogenic action at different stages of their development and the response of the immunobiological reaction of the animal organism. The survival rate of marshallagia in sheep has been established in the range from 5.46% to 29.56%, and nematodes - from 1.18% to 9.58%. Analysis of the results of pathoanatomic studies has shown that with experimental marshallagiosis and nematodirosis, lambs develop deep pathological processes. Conclusions. The degree of pathological changes that occur in the body when strongylate is parasitized primarily depends on its individual sensitivity and resistance. Weakly resistant animals react strongly to the parasitization of even a small number of helminths. The number of helminths and the age of the animal also play an important role in the development of the pathological process.
Abstract: Many helminthiasis of sheep, in particular gastrointestinal, they cause significant economic damage to sheep breeding. An analysis of the literature and the results of many years of research by Uzbek scientists shows that with pasture keeping of sheep, almost all animals in the flock are infected with different types of helminths, mainly strongyloi...
Show More
-
Information in Plants: The Informational Model of the Plant Cells and Plant Structures
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, June 2022
Pages:
31-40
Received:
4 May 2022
Accepted:
18 May 2022
Published:
26 May 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.cb.20221001.14
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze and discuss the informational activity in plants, showing the unitary functionality on the entire scale of evolution and organization. For this, it is shown that matter-related information play a basic/fundamental/key role in living organisms, and allow to unify under a unique concept – that of information, the understanding and description of the structuration and functionality of living organisms, from the most humble structure – the prokaryotic cell, to multicellular organisms, plants and animals, via eukaryotic cells, the basic unit of them. The initiation of plants' development, from the small compressed / “zipped” seed grain, according to an apparent a priori “knowledge” / “know-haw” designed project, would be impossible without a continuous/rigorous communication between the “knowledge” and execution components, supported by matter-related informational mechanisms, consisting in embodiment/disembodiment of information during the structuration/destructuration processes. Information is therefore the powerful tool assisting the body growth/development/maintenance, and more than that, the dynamic inter-communication with the environment and body itself. Experimental evidences show that plants are sensitive/sentient to temperature, humidity, concentration of nutrients and their gradients, chemical substances and their gradients, gravity, tissue damage/mechanical pressure, to the neighbors light-competition, memorizing and deciding the optimal plastic tropism among the alternatives of confrontational vertical growth, shade tolerance and lateral-avoidance, or on the preferential direction of the root development, according to the neighbor architecture. An operative informational system OIS=CASI+CDC+IRSS can be thus defined, where CASI is the center of acquisition and storing of information, CDC the center of decision and command, IRSS the info-reactive sentient system, which can modulate the programmed informational system PIS=MIS+GTS+IGG for adaptation, where MIS is the maintenance informational system, GTS the genetic transmission system and IGG the info-genetic generator. The info-connection (IC) is defined as specific informational center, allowing to selectively distinguish the characteristic/valuable information of species/cell tasks among multitude of informational signals. On this basis, it is defined and discussed the informational system of plant cell and plant structures, showing that plants, although non-nervous organisms, actually as well as the eukaryotic cells, but with elaborated mechanisms for sensorial and info-communication between their components and with external environment, dispose of their own cognitive system, and therefore are able to make decisions and to adapt their structure and functions to the environment conditions. These evidences and cognitive behaviors are discussed in terms of informational of the informational system of plants.
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to analyze and discuss the informational activity in plants, showing the unitary functionality on the entire scale of evolution and organization. For this, it is shown that matter-related information play a basic/fundamental/key role in living organisms, and allow to unify under a unique concept – that of information, the u...
Show More
