Comparative Study of Leachate Treatment by Combined System
Hanane El Fadel,
Mohammed Merzouki,
Mohamed Benlemlih
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
46-51
Received:
15 June 2023
Accepted:
29 June 2023
Published:
14 September 2023
Abstract: Leachate from landfill requires treatment before discharge into the environment to avoid surface and underground water contamination. In this paper, the treatment performance of combined system by physico-chemical and biological techniques for landfill leachate are studied, the biological treatment by Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), the coagulation-flocculation and the filtration-fly ash. Both coagulation-floculation and treatment biologique by Sequencing Bach Reactor are effective for over 98,07% COD removal, 99,16% BOD5, a removal rate of 96,14% for NH4, 79,82% for NO3-, 97,32% for NO2-, 89,09% for suspended solids (SS) and 87,71% for PO4. A combination of physical and biological treatments has demonstrated its effectiveness for the treatment of intermediate leachate. Almost complete removal of COD and nitrogenous forms has been accomplished by a combination of biological treatment by SBR and physical treatment by filtration with COD concentration of 5200 mg/L and BOD5 concentration of 1375,12 mg/L. It is important to note that the selection of the most suitable treatment method for landfill leachate depends on the characteristics of landfill leachate, technical applicability and constraints, effluent discharge alternatives, cost-effectiveness, regulatory requirements and environmental impact. As a whole, a combination of two treatments proves to be more efficient and effective than individual treatment. This could be because a two-step treatment has the ability to synergize the advantages of individual treatments, while overcoming their respective limitations. A combined treatment is indeed capable of improving the effluent quality and minimizing the residue generated than an individual treatment.
Abstract: Leachate from landfill requires treatment before discharge into the environment to avoid surface and underground water contamination. In this paper, the treatment performance of combined system by physico-chemical and biological techniques for landfill leachate are studied, the biological treatment by Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR), the coagulation...
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Research Article
Modeling of Spiral Wound Membranes for CO2 Removal from Natural Gas
Ahmed Wahba Gabr,
Abbas Anwar Ezzat,
A. H. EL-Shazly,
Wael Bakr,
Mohammed Shamakh,
N. S. Yousef
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
52-63
Received:
16 September 2023
Accepted:
10 October 2023
Published:
31 October 2023
Abstract: The proposed research aims to develop an effective model and design technique for gas separation systems based on spiral-wound. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) paradigm was applied to create a simulator of the entire membrane module used to separate CO2 from natural gas. The simulator's architecture is represented in a Unified Modelling Language (UML) diagram, and Python was used to create it. The model was built using forward finite difference techniques in both one and two dimensions. A two-stage membrane separation machine was used to test our mathematical model. There are six banks in the primary membrane separation unit, each with seven tubes; these tubes each contain twelve membrane elements. The initial stage of a gas separation process involves introducing the gas stream, which then splits into the retentate and permeate streams. The retentate stream is discharged out as a gaseous byproduct, while the permeate stream goes via a permeate compressor to raise its pressure before entering the second stage of the membrane unit. There are ten membrane elements in each of the tubes that make up the second-stage membrane unit's membrane banks. At this point, the goal is to waste as little hydrocarbon as possible. The second-stage retentate stream is reused as feed for the first-stage reactor, while the second-stage permeate stream is directed to the flare. This two-stage membrane separation device provides an empirical test of our mathematical concept. Several tweaks have been made to our model to improve precision and computational speed. There is a new dimensionless parameter, the selectivity and permeate flow rate equations have been simplified, and faster techniques for computing key variables have been implemented. Additionally, membrane package data can be imported into the new model for a deeper dive into sensitivity analysis. Using our proposed model, we determined how changes in factors including flow velocity, pressure ratio, carbon dioxide composition, membrane active area, and membrane thickness affected product purity and CO2 selectivity. There was an adverse relationship between product purity and feed rate, pressure ratio, CO2 mole fraction, and membrane thickness, but a positive correlation between product purity and membrane area. The mole fraction of CO2 also determines the selectivity for CO2. Data collected in the field was used to verify the accuracy of the model. The validation data demonstrated that the model's predictions of MSU's performance were accurate within a margin of error of 3%.
Abstract: The proposed research aims to develop an effective model and design technique for gas separation systems based on spiral-wound. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) paradigm was applied to create a simulator of the entire membrane module used to separate CO2 from natural gas. The simulator's architecture is represented in a Unified Modelling Language ...
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