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Pattern of Referral of Sick Pilgrims from Omani Medical Mission During Hajj 2019 (1440 H)
Ahmad Obaid al Mashaykhi,
Randa Nooh,
Sami Said Almudarra,
Abdulaziz Saad Almutari,
Naif Saud Albudayri,
Khalid Masoud Alghamdi
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
43-55
Received:
25 September 2022
Accepted:
11 November 2022
Published:
25 May 2023
Abstract: Background: Annually, in the month of Dhul hijjah, over 2 million Muslims travel to Saudi Arabia to perform Hajj. Hajj is the biggest mass gathering globally, which creates a significant influence on Hajjes' health. The Omani medical mission is the official delegation from the Omani government to Saudi Arabia to serve the Omani hajjees regarding their health Sduring Hajj 1440 H. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study at the Omani Medical missions in Makkah, Madinah, Mina, and Arafat. Data was collected via a predesigned form. All Omani pilgrims presenting to the mission who were referred to local hospitals were included. Results: The total number of cases was 5000, of which 106 (2.1%) were referred to local hospitals (21.2 per 1000 hajjees). The most common causes of referral were cardiovascular diseases (23.6%), followed by gastrointestinal disease (17.9%) and trauma (16.9%). Males comprised 60.1%. Their mean age was 47.3 years (SD ±11.27), with the highest referrals in the 51-60 years age group (30%). Over half (55.7%) had co-morbidities. Patients' mean time to reach the clinic was 8.87 min (SD ±6.41), with 65% arriving in 5 min or less. The mean time needed to reach the hospital by ambulance was 11.39 min (SD ±6.6), with 36% arriving within 5 min. Of the referrals, 42% were admitted into hospital. Hospitalization was significantly higher among patients with chest pain (P-value < 0.0057), diabetics (P-value < 0.0001), and patients with Heart Disease (P-value = 0.013). Conclusions: The most common causes for referral of Hajjees from the Omani Medical Mission were cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal disease, and trauma. This information should assist the Omani government in planning their medical services in hajj season in future years.
Abstract: Background: Annually, in the month of Dhul hijjah, over 2 million Muslims travel to Saudi Arabia to perform Hajj. Hajj is the biggest mass gathering globally, which creates a significant influence on Hajjes' health. The Omani medical mission is the official delegation from the Omani government to Saudi Arabia to serve the Omani hajjees regarding th...
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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hyperbilirubinemia Among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Hussein Abiti,
Abdulkerim Dedefo,
Legese Lemma
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
56-63
Received:
7 March 2023
Accepted:
19 May 2023
Published:
31 May 2023
Abstract: Introduction: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a widespread and significant clinical problem among neonates worldwide. Globally, every year about 1.1 million babies develop it and the vast majority resides in developing countries like Ethiopia. It is a major cause of hospital neonatal intensive care unit admission and readmissions during the neonatal period. As far as our knowledge is concerned there is no such study conducted in St. peter specialized hospital so far. Hence the objective of this study is to determine Prevalence and associated factors of hyperbilirubinemia among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit of Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia from January, 1/2022 to January 1, 2023. Methods: A Facility based Retrospective cross sectional study was conducted among one hundred forty two (142) neonates admitted at St. peter specialized hospital by using systematic random sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and, potential associated factors for hyperbilirubinemia were collected by a structured data extraction checklist. For this study, a total serum bilirubin level ≥5 mg/dL was taken as the cutoff point to diagnose hyperbilirubinemia. Data entry was done by EPI info version 7, and analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. Binary logistic and multiple variable logistic regression models were used to identify associated factors. Association between were considered statistically significant only if A two-sided P-value <0.05 at 95% confidence level. Result: A total of 142 neonates were included in the study making response rate 100%. The overall prevalence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia was 35 (24.6 %) with (95% CI: 17.6-31.7). Among several possible factors: Being male sex [AOR]:7.7, 95%CI (1.88, 32.1)], Birth trauma [AOR]: 17, 95%CI (3.8, 76.6), neonatal sepsis [AOR]: 10.9, 95%CI (2.9, 41.79)] and ABO incompatibility [AOR]: 22, 95%CI (4.7, 102.05)] were independent determinants of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Conclusion and recommendation: The prevalence of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia was quite high. Among identified associated factors for hyperbilirubinemia in this study: neonatal sex, Birth trauma, Sepsis and ABO incompatibility were the leading cause. Hence Health care provider working at NICU should undergo routine screening and investigations for TSB are imperative for early detection and timely intervention.
Abstract: Introduction: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a widespread and significant clinical problem among neonates worldwide. Globally, every year about 1.1 million babies develop it and the vast majority resides in developing countries like Ethiopia. It is a major cause of hospital neonatal intensive care unit admission and readmissions during the neonatal...
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Menstrual Hygiene Management Practices and Associated Factors among Primary Second Cycle Female Students in Boset District of East Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Wandimagegn Gabre,
Digafe Tsegaye,
Endashaw Mandefro
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
64-75
Received:
5 March 2023
Accepted:
22 May 2023
Published:
31 May 2023
Abstract: Background: In adolescents who experienced menstruation for the first time, menstrual hygiene management is constrained by practical, social, economic, and cultural factors such as the expense of commercial sanitary pads, lack of water and latrine facilities, lack of private rooms for changing sanitary pads, and limited education about the facts of menstrual hygiene. Therefore the Objective of this study is to menstrual hygiene management practices and associated factors among primary second-cycle female students in Boset district of east Shoa zone, Oromia regional state, central Ethiopia from March 28, 2022, to April 28, 2022. Methods: School-based cross-sectional study was conducted by multistage random sampling technique among 629 female students from the Primary second cycle. Data were collected using Self-administered pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaires. The data were coded, checked for completeness, entered into Epi-Info-7, and then exported to SPSS Version 22 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression with Crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% CI was calculated, and p-values <0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: The overall proportion of good menstrual hygiene management practices account for 51.2% (95% CI: 47.4–55.3). This study found that: being urban residence [AOR]: 1.84, 95% CI: (1.20, 2.80)], secondary and above the educational status of mothers [AOR]: 3.399, 95% CI: (2.07,5.57)], receiving pocket money for modes [AOR]: 2.19, 95% CI: (1.45,3.313)], freely discussing menstruation with parents [AOR]: 3.65, 95% CI: (2.327,5.727)], learning in school about menstrual hygiene [AOR]: 3.12, 95% CI: (2.096,4.628)], presence of water supply in school compound [AOR]: 1.71, 95% CI: (1.15,2.53)] and presence of functional toilets and hand washing facilities [AOR]: 1.789, 95% CI: (1.17,2.73] were significant predictors of Menstrual Hygiene Management Practices. Conclusion: In this study, the practice of good menstrual hygiene management among primary second-cycle school girls was low. Factors independently influencing menstrual hygiene management practices were girls’ place of residence, mothers’ educational status, pocket money, discussions with parents, water supplies, functional toilets, and hand washing facilities. Hence students’ parents should give pocket money and freely discuss with their female students and also government and other stakeholders should take action to improve and sustain water supply, functional toilets, and hand washing facilities for schools.
Abstract: Background: In adolescents who experienced menstruation for the first time, menstrual hygiene management is constrained by practical, social, economic, and cultural factors such as the expense of commercial sanitary pads, lack of water and latrine facilities, lack of private rooms for changing sanitary pads, and limited education about the facts of...
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Snuff Usage and Knowledge Regarding Its Effects Among Pakistani Male Students of Public Medical University, Peshawar
Muhammad Ans,
Sameen Abbas,
Kashif Ali,
Anosh Sana,
Sara Shahid,
Asima Bibi
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
76-84
Received:
14 March 2023
Accepted:
12 May 2023
Published:
31 May 2023
Abstract: In Pakistan, snuff, locally known as Naswar, was introduced decades ago, and is usually processed into a loose moist form, and its use is widespread in the country. The evaluation of carcinogenic risks of smokeless tobacco by the International Agency on Research for Cancer (IARC) has confirmed that smokeless tobacco is carcinogenic to human and the main target organ being the oral cavity where the products are applied locally. So, this study is done about snuff usage and knowledge regarding its effects among Pakistani Male Students in Khyber Medical University, Peshawar. Descriptive cross sectional institutional based study with sample size of 400 was done from 5251 the study population (Pakistanis male students at the Khyber Medical University, Peshawar) during the academic year 2018-2020, in which random sampling technique was used. Data was collected using self-administrated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using statistical package for social science (SPSS) (IBM v. 25). The overall knowledge level was very high within non-snuff dippers i.e., 92%, which was very high according to Likert measure, whereas the knowledge level among snuff dippers was (76.4%) which was also high. The prevalence of snuff usage among Pakistani male students was 174 (43.5%) n = 400. The greatest predisposing factor was the friend’s effect (81.5%), whereas the least predisposing factor was the advertisement effect (23.8%). There was a significant relationship between knowledge level and snuff usage. In conclusion, snuff usage prevalence among students was high, the overall knowledge level was very high, effect of friends was the most common risk factor for snuff usage, so there is an urgent need for intervention by providing tobacco prevention program for raising awareness regarding to the health hazards of tobacco use and counselling to help and encourage users for cessation and to prevent tobacco initiation.
Abstract: In Pakistan, snuff, locally known as Naswar, was introduced decades ago, and is usually processed into a loose moist form, and its use is widespread in the country. The evaluation of carcinogenic risks of smokeless tobacco by the International Agency on Research for Cancer (IARC) has confirmed that smokeless tobacco is carcinogenic to human and the...
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Survey Report on the Return Visits of Drug Addicts Released from Compulsory Isolation
Shi Mengjun,
Zhang Qiuni,
Liu Tingting
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
85-93
Received:
10 April 2023
Accepted:
24 May 2023
Published:
6 June 2023
Abstract: To comprehensively study and judge the effectiveness and shortcomings of drug rehabilitation work in prevention, implementation, and care, provide data support for optimizing the unified drug rehabilitation model, and provide decision-making suggestions for anti-drug related institutions, the Third Compulsory Isolation and Drug Treatment Institute of Yunnan Province (hereinafter referred to as “the Third Institute of Yunnan Province”) conducted a social return visit survey from September to October 2022 on the compulsory isolation drug rehabilitation personnel (hereinafter referred to as “released personnel”) who were released from the Third Institute of Yunnan Province from 2017 to 2018 through a questionnaire survey. In this survey, the drug control offices, townships streets, and communities in various counties (cities, districts) assisted in the return visit survey, with 234 person-time. The investigation process has received strong support from public security and relevant social institutions. The research content is divided into five interrelated themes, including basic information of personnel, relapse factors (maintaining integrity), return to the status quo, evaluation of drug rehabilitation work, and the situation of drug users during the epidemic. Based on the results of data analysis, propose hierarchical countermeasures and suggestions to various drug control related systems and units from the drug prevention stage, drug withdrawal stage, and social reintegration stage.
Abstract: To comprehensively study and judge the effectiveness and shortcomings of drug rehabilitation work in prevention, implementation, and care, provide data support for optimizing the unified drug rehabilitation model, and provide decision-making suggestions for anti-drug related institutions, the Third Compulsory Isolation and Drug Treatment Institute ...
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Designing and Implementing Health System Strengthening Intervention Using Performance Score Card; the Effect on Health Service Delivery in Tanzania, a Study Protocol
Boniphace Marwa,
Judith Zadock,
Chacha Magige,
Penina Mbwete,
Khamis Kulemba,
Advera Mtatina,
Marry Makunja,
Jerry Mwaikambo,
Justine Godfrey,
Ntuli Kapologwe,
Paul Chaote,
Tumaini Kengia,
Salvatory Kalabamu,
Anthony Kapesa,
Adorat Mpolo,
Judith Ringia,
Anold Musiba,
Frank Mganga,
Agnes Kyamba,
Oscar Tenganamba
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
94-107
Received:
22 May 2023
Accepted:
10 June 2023
Published:
29 June 2023
Abstract: Introduction: Sustainable development goals (SDGs) need to be achieved by Low and Middle Income countries in order to achieve the Universal Health Care (UHC). The strategies and interventions to achieve UHC need to be robust and effective for health system to work optimally. Simiyu Region (Health department) designed a health system strengthening (HSS) intervention which uses a continuous quality improvement (CQI) approach to address health system challenges. The designed HSS intervention had a major focus on improving health system performance using governance and leadership health system pillar as a lever. Methods: This is a prospective observational study implemented along with national essential health intervention packages. The governance priority areas included formulation of performance measurement/score card tool with 34 indicators and 87 operational standards comprised of structural, processes and outcome indicators. Governance domains are; supportive supervision, data quality assessment, monthly and quarterly data review meetings, star rating assessment, health facility governance committee meetings, medicine and drug audit and so forth. Performance measurement was done in all six councils quarterly to ensure intervention institutionalization and improved indicators performance. Data collection: Quantitative data; Data collection tools for the intervention will be developed according to the objectives, research questions and outcomes and outputs from this intervention. Routine data collection tools of Ministry of Health will be used to collect data outcome data of service delivery. Observational data of governance performance are collected using the generated performance measurement tool. Qualitative data. Will be collected using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with regional and council management teams, health care staff, HMTs and council leaders. The interview will explore program acceptability, drivers and barriers towards its implementation of this intervention. Data analysis: Quantitative data will be analyzed using appropriate statistical software and data are presented in tables, charts and frequencies. Statistical significance test for association of independent and dependent variables will be performed accordingly. Qualitative data will be analysed by using Ground theory where the contents analysis will be performed after the data being transcribed verbatim. Discussion: Leadership and governance is critical cross-cutting pillar for HSS. Routine performance measurement using validated tool is important to monitor the strengths and weaknesses of governance structures and health system performance with end results of health system responsiveness and resilient. Conclusion: HSS interventions with CQI involving leadership and governance are indispensable in restricted resource countries for achieving large ends with restricted resources.
Abstract: Introduction: Sustainable development goals (SDGs) need to be achieved by Low and Middle Income countries in order to achieve the Universal Health Care (UHC). The strategies and interventions to achieve UHC need to be robust and effective for health system to work optimally. Simiyu Region (Health department) designed a health system strengthening (...
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Factors Associated with Depressive Disorders Among Medical Students in Bangui
Diemer Saint-Calvaire Henri,
Longo Jean De Dieu,
Bara Koutsia Dudonis,
Kpangba Mangbe Yves Aristide Arsene
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 3, May 2023
Pages:
108-112
Received:
22 May 2023
Accepted:
19 June 2023
Published:
29 June 2023
Abstract: Introduction: Depression is a common mental disorder. It is estimated that 3.8% of the population is affected, including 5% of adults and 5.7% of people over the age of 60. Numerous studies have shown that rates of depression among college students are higher than those found in the general population. It is in this context that our study proposes to determine the proportion of students of the Faculty of Health Sciences (FACSS) of the University of Bangui who presented symptoms of depression and to analyze the determinants. Materials and methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional survey. The study population consisted of all FACSS students regularly registered for the 2021-2022 academic year. Two questionnaires were used; BECK's abstract to assess the level of depression and another questionnaire to study its determinants. Data were analyzed using Epi info software. Results: The average age of the students was 21 (± 2.5 years), with extremes ranging from 16 and 31 years. The majority of students were from urban areas (81.8%) and lived with parents/guardians (70.5%). The prevalence of depression among college students was 52.6%. The main subjective depressive symptoms were fatigue (63.5%), the need for extra physical effort to work (61.4%) and sadness (52.6%). Housing difficulties, lack of a scholarship and pressure from parents/guardians were the main factors associated with the onset of depression. Conclusion: The high prevalence of depression among students at the FACSS should challenge academic officials to set up a device for detecting students showing signs of depression in order to offer them psychosocial support.
Abstract: Introduction: Depression is a common mental disorder. It is estimated that 3.8% of the population is affected, including 5% of adults and 5.7% of people over the age of 60. Numerous studies have shown that rates of depression among college students are higher than those found in the general population. It is in this context that our study proposes ...
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