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An In-vitro Method for Current Induced Ventricular Fibrillations
Michael Koch,
Michael Bartonek,
Jiri Silny,
David Santer,
Bruno Podesser
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
1-11
Received:
29 November 2021
Accepted:
10 January 2022
Published:
18 January 2022
Abstract: The motivation of the current study was to provide threshold values of rabbit hearts for ventricular fibrillation (vf) induced by electric current of 50Hz and to develop a flexible but robust experimental setup for stimulation experiments on the beating heart. The stimulation was performed in a way that the current flow through the heart is nearly homogeneous, similar to the situation of an electrical accident. In this way the work should also serve as a basis for future vf-related investigations, e.g. sine waves from 10Hz up to 10kHz, mixed signals, current pulses and pure DC. One of the main objectives was to avoid deviations of the data due to inappropriate experimental methods, such like direct contact of the heart tissue or interferences from the nervous system which one get from whole animal experiments. The work should additionally give the proper setup to gather the necessary data for transformations of animal data to human data. First an experimental procedure and setup for hearts of small animals that fulfills most important requirements for stimulation of the myocardium and the measurement of various heart parameters in a repeatable way was developed. In this way specific stimulation experiments were performed on rabbit hearts in an ejecting, blood-perfused isolated heart model to determine the threshold values for vf at 50Hz. Additional experiments to determine the electrical field inside and outside of the heart as well as the dependency of different stimuli modes (T-wave trigger, stimulation for several periods) have been conducted. In the verification with a frequency of 50Hz, current density of (7,3 ± 3,8)mA/cm2 results as a mean threshold of ventricular fibrillation from 143 experiments. Finally a comparison to other research works in this field was performed to show the advantages and disadvantages of the respective approaches.
Abstract: The motivation of the current study was to provide threshold values of rabbit hearts for ventricular fibrillation (vf) induced by electric current of 50Hz and to develop a flexible but robust experimental setup for stimulation experiments on the beating heart. The stimulation was performed in a way that the current flow through the heart is nearly ...
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Immunohistochemical and Stereological Studies of Treculia africana Seed on Chloroquine Induced Damage on the Testes of Adult Male Wistar Rats (Rattus novergicus)
Obasi Kosisochukwu Kingsley,
Lambe Ezra,
Oyewopo Adetunji,
Anyanwu Emeka
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
12-18
Received:
7 April 2021
Accepted:
24 April 2021
Published:
24 January 2022
Abstract: Introduction: Chloroquine causes damage to the testis by crossing the blood testis barrier. Treculia africana has numerous medicinal potentials. However, the prevention of its complication such as male infertility remains unexplored. This aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aqueous seed extract of Treculia africana on chloroquine-induced toxicity in the testis of adult male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: Twenty eight (28) rats with an average weight 200±10g were used for the study and divided into four groups consisting of seven rats in each group. Control group A received 1 ml of distilled water daily, group B received 2mg/kg body weight daily of chloroquine orally, group C received 200mg/kg body weight daily of aqueous seed extract of Treculia Africana while group D received 2mg/kg body weight daily of chloroquine and Treculia africana seed extract (TASE) concurrently for a period of 60 days. Histological, histopathological, hormonal and semen analysis, Stereological and Imunohistochemical evaluation of the testis were done. Results: Histological analysis showed the ameliorative properties of TASE after chloroquine induced testicular toxicity. Significant differences (P<0.05) in hormonal analysis were observed across treatment groups. Significant differences (P<0.05) in Semen and Sterological analysis were observed. Johnsen’s Score of the testis showed a significant improvement in group D while Immunohistochemical observation showed the ameliorative properties of TASE. Conclusion: chloroquine is injurious to male reproductive health, administration of TASE may help to improve seminiferous tubule integrity and immunohistochemistry and stereological studies further revealed its ameliorative properties.
Abstract: Introduction: Chloroquine causes damage to the testis by crossing the blood testis barrier. Treculia africana has numerous medicinal potentials. However, the prevention of its complication such as male infertility remains unexplored. This aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aqueous seed extract of Treculia africana on chloroquine-induc...
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The Effect of Alcoholic Essence Satureja Sahandica Bornm L. on the Expression of Metalloproteinases 1, 2, 9 and 13 in a Model Similar to Osteoarthritis
Hossein Maghsoudi,
Amir Akbarnezhad Eshkalak,
Mahsa Khosrogardi,
Enayat Allah Yazdan Panah
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
19-25
Received:
17 January 2022
Accepted:
5 February 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: Loss of the extracellular matrix of cartilage is one of the most important and prominent features of osteoarthritis (OA). The ECM has two important components, including the proteoglycan aggrecan and type II collagen, which are the main targets of MMPs and ADAM TSs enzymes. In this paper, the effect of ASSB Compared with dexamethasone and ibuprofen as representatives of steroidal and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. One way to prevent irreversible joint damage in OA is to inhibit MMPs. ASSB can improve the condition of patients with osteoarthritis by reducing the expression of the MMPs 9 and 13 gene. Background: OA is a progressive joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration, cartilage bone regeneration, and synovial membrane inflammation and is exacerbated with age. Given the side effects of conventional OA treatments, including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids, it is important to consider new treatments for this disorder. Recently, the effect of matrix metalloproteinases on the pathogenesis of OA has been attracted attention. Objective: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the impact of Alcoholic Satureja Sahandica Bornem L. (ASSB) essence on inhibiting the expression of metalloproteinase gene 1, 2, 9 and 13 in bovine fibroblast-like synoviocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide as a model of osteoarthritis. Methods: Synovial cells were isolated from the articular cartilage of the radiocarpal joint of an 8-month-old Holstein cow. After determining the degree of toxicity by MTT Assay, the cells were exposed to stimulation of LPS without or in the presence of dexamethasone, ibuprofen and alcoholic Satureja Sahandica Bornem essence (ASSB). Metalloproteinase gene expression 1, 2, 9 and 13 were measured by RT-PCR and ELISA. The effect of ASSB on migration and cell invasion was investigated by Transwell chambers. Results: The results showed that Satureja Sahandica Bornm (SSB) essential oil significantly reduced the expression of metalloproteinases 9 and 12 in bovine fibroblast-like synovocytes stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. It also suppressed migration and invasion of these cells. However, Satureja Sahandica Bornm L. had no significant impact on the expression of MMPs 1 and 2. Conclusion: Based on our results, ASSB can significantly reduce the activity and inflammatory effect of MMPs 9 and 12 in OA, its potential role as a complement to NSAIDs and common corticosteroids was confirmed. However, cellular modeling does not confirm the beneficial effect of OA in patients.
Abstract: Loss of the extracellular matrix of cartilage is one of the most important and prominent features of osteoarthritis (OA). The ECM has two important components, including the proteoglycan aggrecan and type II collagen, which are the main targets of MMPs and ADAM TSs enzymes. In this paper, the effect of ASSB Compared with dexamethasone and ibuprofen...
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Prevalence of Bovine Trypanosomiasis in Selected Border Areas of Boloso Bombe and Boloso Sore Districts, Southern Ethiopia
Enkeshe Loha Yada,
Gizaw Mekonnen Meku
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
26-37
Received:
30 December 2021
Accepted:
5 February 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: Across-sectional study on bovine trypanosomiasis was conducted to determine the prevalence, to identify species of trypanosomes involved and to assess associated risk factors in Boloso sore and Boloso Bombe districts, Wolaita zone, south Ethiopia. In the current study, overall prevalence of 7.2% Bovine trypanosomiasis was recorded. Prevalence of 5.1% and 5.4%, and 6.7% and 10% was recorded in altitude of Midland (Matala Hemebecho and Tiyo Hembecho, 1595m mater) and lowland (Ajora and Bombe PA, 1206m mater) respectively. Relatively, a higher level of trypanosome prevalence (7.6%) was observed in male cattle than in female (6.6%) cattle. Prevalence of 8.8% and 5% were recorded in cattle of one to three and greater than three years age of cattle. Based on coat color, the finding of 10.5%, 7.5%, and 4.6% were recorded in red, black and mixed color respectively. Trypanosomes were not detected in cattle less than one year of age. Two species of trypanosomes; Trypanosome congolense, and Trypanosome vivax were detected with a prevalence of 7.2% and 27.8% respectively. On the basis of hematological finding, for PCV < 24 and PCV > 24 were 9.2% and 6.1% respectively. In conclusion, the study indicated that trypanosomiasis was the major constraint of livestock production in the study area; therefore, concerned bodies should strengthen and continue their effort against this vector-borne parasitic disease.
Abstract: Across-sectional study on bovine trypanosomiasis was conducted to determine the prevalence, to identify species of trypanosomes involved and to assess associated risk factors in Boloso sore and Boloso Bombe districts, Wolaita zone, south Ethiopia. In the current study, overall prevalence of 7.2% Bovine trypanosomiasis was recorded. Prevalence of 5....
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