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Modification of Animal Product Intake for Prevention of Gout in Japanese People in 2019:2022 Update
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
140-153
Received:
15 July 2022
Accepted:
2 August 2022
Published:
10 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajhr.20221004.11
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Abstract: The number of patients with gout has been increasing in Japan. A previous report showed modification of dietary habits for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2016 through the trends in food intake of Japanese people in 1946-2016. The aim of this article is to suggest what food intake is important for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2019 referencing the results of clinical research reported. As the previous report, the author used the data of the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan for the number of gout patients (1986-2019) and the data of the National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan (1946-2019) for the intake of foods. Food intake of Japanese people in 2019 was compared with that in 2016. The relationship between the number of gout patients and food intake in Japanese people was examined. The daily intake of total animal products, total meat, eggs, oils and fats, and alcoholic beverages of Japanese people in 2019 were higher compared to those in 2016, respectively. Whereas the daily intake of total seafood (fish and shellfish), milk and dairy products, seasonings, condiments and spices, and confectioneries of Japanese people in 2019 were lower compared to those in 2016, respectively. The significance of the correlation between the number of gout patients and intake of total meat, total seafood, eggs, seasonings, condiments and spices, oils and fats, confectioneries, or alcoholic beverages in 1986-2016 were also observed that in 1986-2019. Modification of intake of animal products, seasonings, condiments and spices, confectioneries, and beverages for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2019 is suggested as follows: limiting intake of meat; limiting alcohol beverage consumption; limiting or decreasing intake of salt, oils and fats, and confectioneries; avoidance of excessive intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and sugary foods including desserts and sweets; increasing the intake of milk and dairy products (particularly low-fat dairy products).
Abstract: The number of patients with gout has been increasing in Japan. A previous report showed modification of dietary habits for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2016 through the trends in food intake of Japanese people in 1946-2016. The aim of this article is to suggest what food intake is important for the prevention of gout in Japanese peo...
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Modification of Plant-Based Food Intake for Prevention of Gout in Japanese People in 2019:2022 Update
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
154-168
Received:
2 August 2022
Accepted:
2 August 2022
Published:
10 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajhr.20221004.12
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Abstract: The number of patients with gout has been increasing in Japan. A previous report showed modification of dietary habits for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2016 through the trends in food intake of Japanese people in 1946-2016. The aim of this article is to suggest what food intake is important for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2019 referencing the results of clinical research reported. As the previous report, the author used the data of the Comprehensive Survey of Living Conditions in Japan for the number of gout patients (1986-2019) and the data of the National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan (1946-2019) for the intake of foods. Food intake of Japanese people in 2019 was compared with that in 2016. The relationship between the number of gout patients and food intake in Japanese people was examined. The daily intake of mushrooms, total legumes, and total vegetables of Japanese people in 2019 were higher compared to those in 2016, respectively. Whereas the daily intake of total grains, total potatoes, seaweed, and total fruit of Japanese people in 2019 were lower compared to those in 2016, respectively. The intake of seeds and nuts of Japanese people in 2019 was the same as that in 2016. The significance of the correlation between the number of gout patients and food intake in 1986-2016 were also observed that in 1986-2019. This article indicates the importance of recognizing the intake of plant-based foods for the prevention of gout in Japanese people (especially adults). Modification of food intake for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2019 is also suggested as follows: limiting intake of meat; limiting alcohol beverage consumption; limiting or decreasing intake of salt, oils and fats and confectioneries; avoidance of excessive intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and sugary foods including desserts and sweets; increasing the intake of fiber-rich foods (e.g., cereals, whole grains, high-fiber bread), milk and dairy products (particularly low-fat dairy products), mushrooms, seaweed, legumes, seeds and nuts, fruit, vegetables, which contain rich in carbohydrate (particularly dietary fiber), vitamin A, vitamin E, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, calcium, potassium, magnesium, zinc, and polyphenol.
Abstract: The number of patients with gout has been increasing in Japan. A previous report showed modification of dietary habits for the prevention of gout in Japanese people in 2016 through the trends in food intake of Japanese people in 1946-2016. The aim of this article is to suggest what food intake is important for the prevention of gout in Japanese peo...
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Variants and Combined Genotypes Frequencies of GCKR rs780094 and KCNQ1 rs2237892 in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Indonesia Urban Area
Hari Hendarto,
Rini Puspitaningrum,
Amaliya Mata’ul Hayah,
Safira Qalbissilmi,
Femmy Nurul Akbar,
Chris Adhiyanto
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
169-174
Received:
24 July 2022
Accepted:
8 August 2022
Published:
17 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajhr.20221004.13
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Abstract: Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is chronic metabolic disorder that has genetic component. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) is the variation single position in DNA sequence among individuals. Glucokinase Regulatory Protein (GCKR) and Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily Q (KCNQ1) are SNP genes. The risk or cytosine (C) allele in gene variant GCKR rs780094 and KCNQ1 rs2237892 were associated with incidence of T2D in Asian-Caucasian populations. The aim of this study was to determine frequency of those gene variants and combined genotype in T2D patients in urban area in South Tangerang, Indonesia. Methods: Fifty-four T2D subjects were identified SNP genes using real time Polymerase Chain Reaction techniques. Results: Frequency C allele in GCKR rs780094 was 54.63% and the most common genotype was heterozygous (CT) 46.3%. Frequency of non-risk (T) allele in KCNQ1 rs223792 was 62.03% with the highest homozygous non-risk (TT) genotype 50%. The most common genotype in GCKR and KCNQ1 control group were CT 55%. The highest frequency of combined genotype was CT/TT 25.92%. Conclusion: Gene variant GCKR rs 780094 had more risk allele (C) in T2D patients in urban area in South Tangerang, Indonesia with the most common genotype CT while KCNQ1 rs2237892 had more non-risk alleles (T) with most common genotype TT. The most abundant genotype for GCKR rs780094 and KCNQ1 rs2237892 in control group were CT and the highest frequency of combined genotype was CT/TT.
Abstract: Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) is chronic metabolic disorder that has genetic component. Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) is the variation single position in DNA sequence among individuals. Glucokinase Regulatory Protein (GCKR) and Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily Q (KCNQ1) are SNP genes. The risk or cytosine (C) allele in gene va...
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Prevalence of Viral Hepatitis B Among Pregnant Women in N'Djamena
Mayanna Habkreo,
Ali Mahamat Moussa,
Tahir Mahamat Saleh,
Maire Dehainssala,
Adama Ngare,
Moussa Elefi
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
175-178
Received:
2 August 2022
Accepted:
18 August 2022
Published:
24 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajhr.20221004.14
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Abstract: Introduction: Viral hepatitis B represents a major public health problem in the world. Vertical transmission has been identified as one of the causes of the high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Pregnant women carrying the virus expose their offspring to infection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of viral hepatitis B in pregnant women. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included pregnant women seen at the prenatal consultation (PNC). The data were collected by means of a questionnaire sent to each respondent included in the study. Statistical processing and analysis of the data collected was done using SPSS 2.1 software. Bivariate analysis was used to study the relationships between the dependent variables and the explanatory variables. HBsAg testing was performed by a rapid diagnostic bioassay. Results: A total of 266 pregnant women participated in the study. The mean age was 25.62 ± 5.17 years, with extremes of 18 and 41 years. The majority (51.9%) had been tested for HBsAg during the prenatal consultation, of which 10.1% (n=14) tested positive. There was no statistically significant relationship between HBsAg carriage and monthly income of pregnant women. Similarly, there was no statistically significant relationship between HBsAg carriage or not and the existence of a family member with hepatitis B. Conclusion: In light of our results, it is important to develop effective control strategies. There is a need to sensitize women of childbearing age in order to reduce the risk of HBV transmission from mother to child.
Abstract: Introduction: Viral hepatitis B represents a major public health problem in the world. Vertical transmission has been identified as one of the causes of the high prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in sub-Saharan Africa. Pregnant women carrying the virus expose their offspring to infection. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalenc...
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Paternalistic Approach in Physician-Patient Relationships in Medical Care in the Light of Contemporary Ethical Theories and Principles of Bioethics
Dya Eldin Mohammed Elsayed,
Omsalama Diyaeldin Bakri
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 4, July 2022
Pages:
179-184
Received:
5 August 2022
Accepted:
26 August 2022
Published:
31 August 2022
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajhr.20221004.15
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Abstract: Medical and health care are described as a relationship between physician and patient, where the patient’s concerns are presented. The role of the physician is to listen, reach a diagnosis and describe the appropriate treatment. National as well as international ethical guidelines encourage physicians to act in the best interest of the patient. In concept, this seems to do good (beneficence) for patients. For centuries, physician-patient relationships were based on unilateral decision-making which was always done by the doctor. This wrought medical paternalism. Medical paternalism is based on the basis that doctors and other medical workers are more knowledgeable about the human body and its health problems than the patients themselves. This idea clearly leads to the adoption of neglecting the opinion and desire of patients, i.e. the principle of respect for autonomy. In this article we discuss the concept of medical paternalism, its historical development, typology of medical paternalism, paternalism and ethical theories and arguments for and against medical paternalism. We conclude that medical paternalism is refused in contemporary medical practices because it is a usurpation of patients' autonomy. Instead, we suggest an integrated physician-patient relationship module. We suggest that a follow-up or future work on this topic should be made.
Abstract: Medical and health care are described as a relationship between physician and patient, where the patient’s concerns are presented. The role of the physician is to listen, reach a diagnosis and describe the appropriate treatment. National as well as international ethical guidelines encourage physicians to act in the best interest of the patient. In ...
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