-
Efficiency of Animal (Cow, Donkey, Chicken and Horse) Bones, in Removal of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solution as a Low Cost Adsorbent
Nworu Jerome Sunday,
Enemose Edith Ajirioghene,
Osideru Oluwatobi Omotayo,
Emmanuel Okon Asukwo
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
1-9
Received:
23 January 2019
Accepted:
25 February 2019
Published:
18 March 2019
Abstract: As a low cost adsorbent source, a mixture of activated animal bones has been investigated on their efficiency in chromium ion removal from aqueous solution. Adsorption parameters such as contact time, biosorbent size, pH, biosorbent dosage, temperature and concentrations were investigated. Maximum adsorption of hexavalent chromium occurred at 35minutes, 53µm size of adsorbent, pH = 6, 70mg/L of chromium ion, 3g of adsorbent dosage and 303K. The experimental data from the adsorption processes were all tested with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Both isotherms showed good correlations. The higher value of R2 = 0.9938 from Freundlich isotherm over the R2 = 0.99 value of Langmuir isotherm showed a better fitness of the adsorption process to Freundlich isotherm over Langmuir model. It can be concluded that any activated carbon from the bones of Cow, Donkey, Chicken and Horse are effective and can be used in industries for removal of hexavalent chromium.
Abstract: As a low cost adsorbent source, a mixture of activated animal bones has been investigated on their efficiency in chromium ion removal from aqueous solution. Adsorption parameters such as contact time, biosorbent size, pH, biosorbent dosage, temperature and concentrations were investigated. Maximum adsorption of hexavalent chromium occurred at 35min...
Show More
-
Kinetics and Thermodynamic Studies for Rhodamine B Dye Removal onto Graphene Oxide Nanosheets in Simulated Wastewater
Owolabi Mutolib Bankole,
Oluwatoba Emmanuel Oyeneyin,
Segun Esan Olaseni,
Olaniran Kolawole Akeremale,
Pelumi Adanigbo
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
10-24
Received:
17 January 2019
Accepted:
4 March 2019
Published:
29 March 2019
Abstract: This report describes for the first time the kinetics, thermodynamic and optimized conditions for maximum removal of Rhodamine B in aqueous solution onto nanosheets of graphene oxides. Results from the GONS characterizations: UV, TEM, FTIR, EDX and XRD, revealed successful introduction of oxygen functionalities on the pristine graphite lattices. Adsorptive behaviour of RhB dye onto GONS under different experimental conditions such as pH, initial concentrations, adsorbent dosage, temperature, and contact time, were fully discussed in this work. The study showed that ≈93% of RhB was removed from simulated wastewater at; sorbent mass of 16.67mg; pH of 6.5; temperature of 298K; contact time of 60min; and concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 30mg/L. Experimental data tested against results of the kinetics and adsorption isotherm models, revealed that the sorption of RhB were best described by pseudo-second order and Freundlich models, respectively. Regeneration of the spent adsorbent was investigated using water, methanol and methanol/acetic acid (9:1) solution, as desorbing eluents. Methanol solution of acetic acid was observed to remove up to 94% of adsorbed RhB from GO surface compared to water (71.36%), and methanol (45.52%). The ease at which RhB was eluted from RhB-loaded GO using methanol/acetic acid (9:1), methanol and water shows that the adsorption mechanism is best described by physisorption.
Abstract: This report describes for the first time the kinetics, thermodynamic and optimized conditions for maximum removal of Rhodamine B in aqueous solution onto nanosheets of graphene oxides. Results from the GONS characterizations: UV, TEM, FTIR, EDX and XRD, revealed successful introduction of oxygen functionalities on the pristine graphite lattices. Ad...
Show More
-
Neuroprotective Efficacy of Maytenus emarginata (Wild.) Ding Hou Against Paraquat Induced Oxidative Stress and Neurotoxicity in Drosophila Model System
Leelaja Bhadravathi Chandrappa,
Panduranga Murthy Govinda Shetty,
Ravishankar Doddarasinakere Kempaiah,
Jayaramu Neelakantanalli,
Dharshan Raj Chenna Govindaraju,
Rayankula Naidu
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
25-34
Received:
19 September 2018
Accepted:
26 March 2019
Published:
18 April 2019
Abstract: An investigation has been made to find out the disease altering therapies against a somber ailment called ‘early aging’ which is due to the formation of free radicals during the natural course of metabolism, also act randomly and indiscriminately to damage the cell components. On the contrary, the natural antioxidants in dietetic practice can diminish these free radicals which can perturb further, the progression of these age-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD) followed by Canine Cognitive dysfunction. As a consequence, a tribal medicinal plant; Maytenus emarginata (Wild.) Ding Hou (family-‘Celastraceae’) was identified which is commonly called ‘Thorny staff tree’ a potent ethno-medicinal plant drug was opted during the interactions held with tribal healers. This candidate plant drug is being practiced as memory-enhancing factor in their tribal medicinal system at Biligirirangana Hills (B. R. Hills) of Chamarajanagara district, India. Hence, the biological screening with Methanol extract of Maytenus emarginata (MEM) was attempted initially for Physico-chemical, Phyto-chemical properties followed by in vitro, in vivo antioxidant and neuroprotective activities using Drosophila melanogaster (Oeragon K) strain adult male flies. In the result, the extract of M exhibited concentration dependent DPPH scavenging activity. The oxidative stress markers employed to access in vivo antioxidant property of M included lipid peroxidation products malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroperoxide (HP), reduced glutathione (GSH). The modulatory effect of M on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was also determined. The oxidative stress was induced by using paraquat at 15 mM. The concentration of extract for studies was fixed based on LC50 values. There was a significant demolition in the levels of MDA and HP in co-exposure of M with Par treated flies homogenate. The level of SOD and CAT was brought to near basal level in the homogenate of flies co-exposed with M and Par. In negative geotaxis assay it was found that M was able to rescue the flies significantly from deteriorating locomotors dysfunctions. The M extract exhibited significant modulatory activity in regulating oxidative stress markers and antioxidants in the fly homogenate. The extract M also exhibited significant antibacterial property against tested microbial strains. Therefore, the findings point out that, MEM plant drug was found to be most promising in its efficacy which may act as compelling antioxidant agent that can intensify the locomotors functions. Thus, the MEM plant drug therapy can regulate the occurrence of CCD, AD, PD and HD and the normal condition may be reinstalled in the biological system.
Abstract: An investigation has been made to find out the disease altering therapies against a somber ailment called ‘early aging’ which is due to the formation of free radicals during the natural course of metabolism, also act randomly and indiscriminately to damage the cell components. On the contrary, the natural antioxidants in dietetic practice can dimin...
Show More
-
Safety Assessment of Arsenic in Cosmetic Face-creams by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer
Xijuan Tan,
Hong Liu,
Zhuming Wang,
Minwu Liu
Issue:
Volume 7, Issue 1, February 2019
Pages:
35-41
Received:
24 February 2019
Accepted:
2 April 2019
Published:
22 April 2019
Abstract: This paper presented the arsenic determination in four different brands of cosmetic face-creams to provide valuable information on the safety levels for consumers. The cosmetic samples were decomposed by acidic digestion method and then taken for arsenic quantification using inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The digestion efficiency of acid mixtures including concentrated HNO3, HNO3–HClO4, HNO3–H2O2 and aqua regia was discussed in terms of digestion loss and time consumption. The ICP-AES analyzing results, with determination recoveries of 95.4% ~ 105.2% and relative standard deviations less than 3.0% (n = 5), revealed arsenic contents in the face-creams are in the ranges of 0.68 ~ 3.28 mg·kg−1. Obviously, the arsenic contents in some of the studied brands exceed the maximum recommended value of 2.0 mg·kg−1 set by China. These results lead to the conclusion that constant control of arsenic content in cosmetics should be seriously considered. The successful arsenic determination in cosmetic face-creams by digestion pattern of concentrated HNO3, with simplicity, higher efficiency, less reagent consumption and less analytical time well demonstrates the good analytical capability of this method, promising a great possibility for large batches of cosmetic toxic metal monitoring.
Abstract: This paper presented the arsenic determination in four different brands of cosmetic face-creams to provide valuable information on the safety levels for consumers. The cosmetic samples were decomposed by acidic digestion method and then taken for arsenic quantification using inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The digestion ...
Show More
