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Hip Fractures in Elderly Stroke Patients - The Role of Sarcopenia and Osteoporosis
Nonyelum Obiechina,
Atef Michael,
Angela Nandi,
Rachit Adlakha,
Amy Davis,
Alicia Barnes
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
85-90
Received:
15 September 2020
Accepted:
24 September 2020
Published:
7 October 2020
Abstract: Both hip fractures and stroke are common in elderly patients and hip fractures are especially prevalent in elderly stroke patients. This literature review is an attempt to explore the evidence for strategies to reduce hip fractures in stroke patients, the role of sarcopenia and osteoporosis in causing them and current and potential management strategies. A narrative approach was adopted in reviewing the evidence available on hip fractures in stroke patients, with regard to their incidence and prevalence, the role of sarcopenia and osteoporosis in their genesis and the evidence available for hip fracture prevention in stroke patients. I also attempt to explore the potential role of targeting muscle and bone as one unit in future therapeutic strategies. Although there are encouraging results from clinical trials on therapeutic interventions to prevent hip fractures in stroke patients, larger, more robustly designed studies are needed to validate many of the findings. Some evidence exists that suggest that hip fractures risk can be reduced in stroke patients but the findings need validation in larger more robust trials. Moreover it is clear that sarcopenia and osteoporosis are implicated in hip fractures in stroke and non-stroke elderly patients. A consensus on the definition of sarcopenia would also aid clarification of findings from studies.
Abstract: Both hip fractures and stroke are common in elderly patients and hip fractures are especially prevalent in elderly stroke patients. This literature review is an attempt to explore the evidence for strategies to reduce hip fractures in stroke patients, the role of sarcopenia and osteoporosis in causing them and current and potential management strat...
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Identification and Pathogenic Potential of Orofacial Herpetic Clinical Isolates in Northeast Mexico
Cynthia Mendoza-Rodriguez,
Jorge Ocampo-Candiani,
Pilar Morales-San Claudio,
Osvaldo Vazquez-Martinez,
Mauricio Salinas-Santander,
Ernesto Torres-Lopez
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
91-95
Received:
18 September 2020
Accepted:
5 October 2020
Published:
13 October 2020
Abstract: Background Herpes simplex viruses 1 (human herpes virus types 1, HSV-1) often cause recurrent infections that affect the skin, mouth, lips, and eyes and eventually induce herpetic encephalitis. A high percentage of the population is infected with HSV-1 in which it produces a variety of these orofacial disease. In Mexico, there are no studies to determine the effects of viral virulence of clinical facial dermal isolates of active infections caused by the Herpes simplex virus 1. Objective of this work was to compare the herpetic activity of human clinical isolates from northeast Mexico against HSV-1 KOS as reference strain, which induces experimental murine model keratitis disease produced by infecting mouse corneas. Methods and Materials we compared several clinical isolate of HSV-1 obtained from 25 patients diagnosed with HSV-1 active, according to acyclovir (ACV) susceptibility, thymidine kinase (TK) polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and experimental Balb/c mice model as viral infections in vivo were evaluated. Results we found that several clinical isolates showed ACV resistance (48%) and pathogenic potential (PP) differences that caused ocular infection more or less than reference HSV-1 KOS strain. In Conclusion, some clinical isolate from northeast Mexico shown differences that caused ocular infection more or less than reference HSV-1 KOS strain.
Abstract: Background Herpes simplex viruses 1 (human herpes virus types 1, HSV-1) often cause recurrent infections that affect the skin, mouth, lips, and eyes and eventually induce herpetic encephalitis. A high percentage of the population is infected with HSV-1 in which it produces a variety of these orofacial disease. In Mexico, there are no studies to det...
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Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Toward Emergency Contraceptive Among Females Student at Unity University, Adama Town, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Abenet Menene,
Addisalem Getachew,
Aliye Kediro,
Bekele Gutema
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
96-103
Received:
24 August 2020
Accepted:
9 September 2020
Published:
23 November 2020
Abstract: Background: Unwanted teenage pregnancies have a notable detrimental impact on the learners’ trajectory and have been associated with jeopardizing the students’ educational progress and future career prospects. These pregnancies are mostly unplanned and unintended and many are terminated, either legally or illegally. Each year, about 210 million women around the world become pregnant. Among them, about 75 million pregnancies (36%) are unplanned and/or unwanted. Globally, more than 20 million women experience ill health as a result of pregnancy each year. Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards emergency contraceptive methods among female students in Unity University, Adama, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2019. Methods: A Cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among 276 Unity University undergraduate students. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the desired sample size. Study participants were selected by stratified random sampling, stratify based on year and department in the study. Data entry was done by using Epi Info and analysis was done by using SPSS version 21. Data was presented by tables, figures, diagrams. Result: The response rate was 100% (n=276), out of which 259 (93.8) where within the age category of 15-24 and 17 (6.2) of them are within the age category of 25-29. 159 (72.4%) of the respondents had good knowledge on Emergency contraceptive (EC). More than half (69.7%) of them had positive attitude towards Emergency contraceptive. Of the Respondents 75 (27.5%) were experienced sexual intercourse out of them 55 (20.4%) were used Emergency contraceptive. Conclusion: overall awareness of EC was very high among female students at the Unity University, more than half had good knowledge of EC and majority of them had a positive attitude towards using EC. Use of EC was low and half of those who were pregnant reported that the pregnancy was unintended.
Abstract: Background: Unwanted teenage pregnancies have a notable detrimental impact on the learners’ trajectory and have been associated with jeopardizing the students’ educational progress and future career prospects. These pregnancies are mostly unplanned and unintended and many are terminated, either legally or illegally. Each year, about 210 million wom...
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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Ethiopia: A Review
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 5, September 2020
Pages:
104-108
Received:
4 September 2020
Accepted:
18 September 2020
Published:
23 November 2020
Abstract: World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus as a global public health emergency on January 30, 2020. COVID-19 has infected more than 17,660,523 people worldwide, with more than 680,894 deaths in different regions and countries. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Africa report, as of 02 August, 2020, a cumulative total of 802,792 confirmed COVID-19 cases with 13,779 deaths have been reported across all African countries in the region. In Ethiopia the virus spreads alarmingly because the community didn’t practice the information given by Ministry of Health and the Government; as of August 2, 2020, 17,999 cases and 284 deaths have been reported. The level of panic in peoples is associated with knowledge and attitude according to Researchers. Good Knowledge, Attitude and Practice can be used to assess the current conditions and if it is used properly it plays a pivotal role to control the spread of COVID-19. So, the aim paper was to assess/review the knowledge, attitude and perception of the population towards COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia. This review paper revealed that there is a gap between knowledge, attitude and practice. Therefore, the government and ministry of health must give information to the society through TV, radio and social media repeatedly because Differences in media consumption have important implications for risk perceptions and compliance with social distancing.
Abstract: World Health Organization declared the novel coronavirus as a global public health emergency on January 30, 2020. COVID-19 has infected more than 17,660,523 people worldwide, with more than 680,894 deaths in different regions and countries. Based on the World Health Organization (WHO) Africa report, as of 02 August, 2020, a cumulative total of 802,...
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