American Journal of Applied Chemistry

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Quantitative Determination of Isotopic Abundance Ratio of 13C, 2H, and 18O in Biofield Energy Treated Ortho and Meta Toluic Acid Isomers

Received: 19 October 2015    Accepted: 22 November 2015    Published: 21 December 2015
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Abstract

O-Toluic acid (OTA) and m-toluic acid (MTA) are two isomers of toluic acid that act as an important organic intermediates, mostly used in medicines and pesticides. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on isotopic abundance ratios of 2H/1H, 13C/12C, (PM+1)/PM and 18O/16O, (PM+2)/PM, in toluic acid isomers using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The OTA and MTA samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control sample remained as untreated, while the treated sample was further divided into four groups as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The treated group was subjected to biofield energy treatment. The GC-MS spectra of both the isomers showed five m/z peaks due to the molecular ion peak and fragmented peaks of toluic acid derivatives. The isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM and (PM+2)/PM were calculated for both the isomers and found significant alteration in the treated isomers. The isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in treated samples of OTA was decreased and then slightly increased upto 2.37% in T2, where the (PM+2)/PM in treated OTA, significantly decreased by 55.3% in T3 sample. Similarly, in case of MTA, the isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in the treated sample showed a slight increase the (PM+2)/PM was decreased by 11.95% in T2 as compared to their respective control. GC-MS data suggests that the biofield energy treatment on toluic acid isomers had significantly altered the isotopic abundance of 2H, 13C, and 18O in OTA and MTA as compared to the control.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17
Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 3, Issue 6, December 2015)
Page(s) 217-223
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Biofield Energy Treatment, o-Toluic Acid, m-Toluic Acid, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry

References
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[2] Rieley G (1994) Derivatization of organic-compounds prior to gas-chromatographic combustion-isotope ratio mass-spectrometric analysis: Identification of isotope fractionation processes. Analyst 119: 915-919.
[3] Weisel CP, Park S, Pyo H, Mohan K, Witz G (2003) Use of stable isotopically labeled benzene to evaluate environmental exposures. J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol 13: 393-402.
[4] http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Toluic+Acid
[5] Yang HJ, Ding MY (2002) Determination of o-toluic acid and its micro amounts of impurities in industrial products by HPLC. J Liq Chrom Rel Technol 25: 2709-2715.
[6] Bays D, Foster R (1974) Benzoylphenylacetic acids and related compounds. U.S. Patent 3828093.
[7] Lebedev BL, Pastukhova IV, Eidus YT (1972) Reaction of carbon dioxide with toluene in the presence of aluminum chloride under pressure. Russ Chem Bull 21: 929-931.
[8] Riihimaki V, Pfaffli P, Savolainen K, Pekari K (1979) Kinetics of m-xylene in man-general features of absorption, distribution, biotransformation and excretion in repetitive inhalation exposure. Scand J Work Environ Health 5: 217-231.
[9] Trivedi MK, Patil S, Tallapragada RM (2012) Thought intervention through bio field changing metal powder characteristics experiments on powder characteristics at a PM plant. Future Control and Automation LNEE 173: 247-252.
[10] Trivedi MK, Patil S, Shettigar H, Gangwar M, Jana S (2015) Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of Pseudomonas fluorescens after biofield treatment. J Infect Dis Ther 3: 222.
[11] Barnes PM, Powell-Griner E, McFann K, Nahin RL (2004) Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults: United States, 2002. Adv Data 343: 1-19.
[12] Patil S, Nayak GB, Barve SS, Tembe RP, Khan RR (2012) Impact of biofield treatment on growth and anatomical characteristics of Pogostemon cablin (Benth.). Biotechnology 11: 154-162.
[13] Nayak G, Altekar N (2015) Effect of biofield treatment on plant growth and adaptation. J Environ Health Sci 1: 1-9.
[14] Shinde V, Sances F, Patil S, Spence A (2012) Impact of biofield treatment on growth and yield of lettuce and tomato. Aust J Basic & Appl Sci 6: 100-105.
[15] http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C118901&Mask=200#Mass-Spec
[16] Smith BC (2011) Fundamentals of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boka Raton, New York.
[17] http://webbook.nist.gov/cgi/cbook.cgi?ID=C99047&Mask=200#Mass-Spec
[18] Mook W, Vries J (2003-2004) Environmental isotopes in the hydrological cycle principles and applications. International atomic energy agency, Vienna, 1-271.
[19] Jain R (2015) An efficient screening method for detection of toluene-based inhalant abuse in urine by gas chromatography-nitrogen phosphorous detector. Addict Disord Their Treat 14: 47-52.
Author Information
  • Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA

  • Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA

  • Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA

  • Trivedi Global Inc., Henderson, USA

  • Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India

  • Trivedi Science Research Laboratory Pvt. Ltd., Hall-A, Chinar Mega Mall, Chinar Fortune City, Hoshangabad Rd., Bhopal Madhya Pradesh, India

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    Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Gunin Saikia, et al. (2015). Quantitative Determination of Isotopic Abundance Ratio of 13C, 2H, and 18O in Biofield Energy Treated Ortho and Meta Toluic Acid Isomers. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 3(6), 217-223. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17

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    Mahendra Kumar Trivedi; Alice Branton; Dahryn Trivedi; Gopal Nayak; Gunin Saikia, et al. Quantitative Determination of Isotopic Abundance Ratio of 13C, 2H, and 18O in Biofield Energy Treated Ortho and Meta Toluic Acid Isomers. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2015, 3(6), 217-223. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17

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    Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Alice Branton, Dahryn Trivedi, Gopal Nayak, Gunin Saikia, et al. Quantitative Determination of Isotopic Abundance Ratio of 13C, 2H, and 18O in Biofield Energy Treated Ortho and Meta Toluic Acid Isomers. Am J Appl Chem. 2015;3(6):217-223. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17,
      author = {Mahendra Kumar Trivedi and Alice Branton and Dahryn Trivedi and Gopal Nayak and Gunin Saikia and Snehasis Jana},
      title = {Quantitative Determination of Isotopic Abundance Ratio of 13C, 2H, and 18O in Biofield Energy Treated Ortho and Meta Toluic Acid Isomers},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
      volume = {3},
      number = {6},
      pages = {217-223},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20150306.17},
      abstract = {O-Toluic acid (OTA) and m-toluic acid (MTA) are two isomers of toluic acid that act as an important organic intermediates, mostly used in medicines and pesticides. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on isotopic abundance ratios of 2H/1H, 13C/12C, (PM+1)/PM and 18O/16O, (PM+2)/PM, in toluic acid isomers using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The OTA and MTA samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control sample remained as untreated, while the treated sample was further divided into four groups as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The treated group was subjected to biofield energy treatment. The GC-MS spectra of both the isomers showed five m/z peaks due to the molecular ion peak and fragmented peaks of toluic acid derivatives. The isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM and (PM+2)/PM were calculated for both the isomers and found significant alteration in the treated isomers. The isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in treated samples of OTA was decreased and then slightly increased upto 2.37% in T2, where the (PM+2)/PM in treated OTA, significantly decreased by 55.3% in T3 sample. Similarly, in case of MTA, the isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in the treated sample showed a slight increase the (PM+2)/PM was decreased by 11.95% in T2 as compared to their respective control. GC-MS data suggests that the biofield energy treatment on toluic acid isomers had significantly altered the isotopic abundance of 2H, 13C, and 18O in OTA and MTA as compared to the control.},
     year = {2015}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Quantitative Determination of Isotopic Abundance Ratio of 13C, 2H, and 18O in Biofield Energy Treated Ortho and Meta Toluic Acid Isomers
    AU  - Mahendra Kumar Trivedi
    AU  - Alice Branton
    AU  - Dahryn Trivedi
    AU  - Gopal Nayak
    AU  - Gunin Saikia
    AU  - Snehasis Jana
    Y1  - 2015/12/21
    PY  - 2015
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17
    T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    SP  - 217
    EP  - 223
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8745
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20150306.17
    AB  - O-Toluic acid (OTA) and m-toluic acid (MTA) are two isomers of toluic acid that act as an important organic intermediates, mostly used in medicines and pesticides. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on isotopic abundance ratios of 2H/1H, 13C/12C, (PM+1)/PM and 18O/16O, (PM+2)/PM, in toluic acid isomers using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The OTA and MTA samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control sample remained as untreated, while the treated sample was further divided into four groups as T1, T2, T3, and T4. The treated group was subjected to biofield energy treatment. The GC-MS spectra of both the isomers showed five m/z peaks due to the molecular ion peak and fragmented peaks of toluic acid derivatives. The isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM and (PM+2)/PM were calculated for both the isomers and found significant alteration in the treated isomers. The isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in treated samples of OTA was decreased and then slightly increased upto 2.37% in T2, where the (PM+2)/PM in treated OTA, significantly decreased by 55.3% in T3 sample. Similarly, in case of MTA, the isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in the treated sample showed a slight increase the (PM+2)/PM was decreased by 11.95% in T2 as compared to their respective control. GC-MS data suggests that the biofield energy treatment on toluic acid isomers had significantly altered the isotopic abundance of 2H, 13C, and 18O in OTA and MTA as compared to the control.
    VL  - 3
    IS  - 6
    ER  - 

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