American Journal of Applied Chemistry

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Auto-Inflammation Test of Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) and Fuel Oil (FO) Mixes - Coke Formation

Received: 01 April 2017    Accepted: 13 April 2017    Published: 25 May 2017
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Abstract

Increasing the value of heavy oil or vacuum resides was one of the challenge of petroleum industry. It has been neglected for technology improvement because the petroleum industry has focused on lighter crude oils and their distillable liquid fractions. The great problem was its conversion yields revealed a practical maximum limits that are imposed by petroleum poly-nuclear aromatics (PNA) of the petroleum macromolecules. Our objective in this manuscript was to understand and to show the black citric acid polymers (PN) effects to the value of fuel oil. Then, we have prepared FO/PN mixes samples and tested their auto-inflammation temperature. Coke was formed and quantified by hexane and dichloromethane extraction. The results showed that not only the auto-inflammation temperature of the mixes were largely lower than the ones of fuel oil and PN but also during the mixes combustion not inconsiderable alkenes such as prop-1-ène and its derivatives non-aromatics organic compounds were formed that the rest was insoluble in hexane solvent. The PN gave an added value to the fuel oil.

DOI 10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11
Published in American Journal of Applied Chemistry (Volume 5, Issue 3, June 2017)
Page(s) 45-52
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN), Fuel Oil, Auto-inflammation, Hexane, Dichloromethane, Soluble Coke, Insoluble Coke

References
[1] Sammy Eric ANDRIAMBOLA Valorisation de l’acide citrique en polymères et en sels de mono- di- et tri-ammonium. Mémoire de fin d’étude en vue de l’obtention du diplôme d’Ingénieur en Génie Chimique. E. S. P. A. Université d’Antananarivo. 2013.
[2] Advenced Chemistry Development ACD/ChemSketch.
[3] MKE/BE/POM-BNL/PQM- Révision 00 (mars 2009)- TOTAL BELGIUM- 93, rue du Commerce – 1040 Bruxelles.
[4] Gautier PETIT. Analyses thermochimiques et cinétiques de l’auto-inflammation en mode HCCI des isomers du butane. Développement et instrumentation d’un banc moteur dédié aux études de basse temperature. Thèse de Doctorat de l’Université de Lille 1. 2007.
[5] R. W. WALKER, C. MORLEY. Comprehensive Chemical Kinetics, edited by R. G. Compton and G. Hancock, The royal Society of Chemistry, Vol. 35, “Low temperature combustion and autoignition, M. J.. Pilling, Chap. I: 1-37, 1997.
[6] John GRIFFITHS. Des flammes froides qui chauffent mais ne brûlent pas. New Scientists Technology Publié le 30/06/2004.
[7] Claude RONNEAU. Energie pollution de l’air et développement durable. Editeur: Presses Universitaire de Louvain Collection: Lectures Universitaire; Louvain-La-Neuve; 2004.
[8] www.uqac.ca/chimie ens/Cinétique chimique/CHAP 7.html.
[9] http://books.openedition.org/pucl/624?lang=fr.
[10] Andry Tahina RABEHARITSARA. Etude de la formation de coke au cours de la transformation du méthylcyclohexane sur zéolithes. Thèse de Doctorat de l’Université de Poitiers. 2003.
[11] Technique de l’ingénieur, extraction par solvant, 2008.
[12] Irwin A. WIEHE Heavy Oil Conversion Chemistry: Part1 – The PNA Barrier.
[13] John F. SCHARBON and James G. SPEIGHT. Correlation between carbon residue and molecular weight. Western Research Institute. 365 N. 9th ST;, Laramie, WY 82070-3380.
Author Information
  • Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar

  • Chemical Process Engineering Department (E. S. P. A), Antananarivo University, Antananarivo, Madagascar

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    Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara, Marie Nicole Rabemananjara, Nambinina Richard Randriana, Haritiana Jeannelle Rakotonirina, Edouard Andrianarison, et al. (2017). Auto-Inflammation Test of Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) and Fuel Oil (FO) Mixes - Coke Formation. American Journal of Applied Chemistry, 5(3), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11

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    ACS Style

    Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara; Marie Nicole Rabemananjara; Nambinina Richard Randriana; Haritiana Jeannelle Rakotonirina; Edouard Andrianarison, et al. Auto-Inflammation Test of Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) and Fuel Oil (FO) Mixes - Coke Formation. Am. J. Appl. Chem. 2017, 5(3), 45-52. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11

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    AMA Style

    Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara, Marie Nicole Rabemananjara, Nambinina Richard Randriana, Haritiana Jeannelle Rakotonirina, Edouard Andrianarison, et al. Auto-Inflammation Test of Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) and Fuel Oil (FO) Mixes - Coke Formation. Am J Appl Chem. 2017;5(3):45-52. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11,
      author = {Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara and Marie Nicole Rabemananjara and Nambinina Richard Randriana and Haritiana Jeannelle Rakotonirina and Edouard Andrianarison and André Razafimandefitra and Baholy Robijaona},
      title = {Auto-Inflammation Test of Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) and Fuel Oil (FO) Mixes - Coke Formation},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied Chemistry},
      volume = {5},
      number = {3},
      pages = {45-52},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11},
      eprint = {https://download.sciencepg.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajac.20170503.11},
      abstract = {Increasing the value of heavy oil or vacuum resides was one of the challenge of petroleum industry. It has been neglected for technology improvement because the petroleum industry has focused on lighter crude oils and their distillable liquid fractions. The great problem was its conversion yields revealed a practical maximum limits that are imposed by petroleum poly-nuclear aromatics (PNA) of the petroleum macromolecules. Our objective in this manuscript was to understand and to show the black citric acid polymers (PN) effects to the value of fuel oil. Then, we have prepared FO/PN mixes samples and tested their auto-inflammation temperature. Coke was formed and quantified by hexane and dichloromethane extraction. The results showed that not only the auto-inflammation temperature of the mixes were largely lower than the ones of fuel oil and PN but also during the mixes combustion not inconsiderable alkenes such as prop-1-ène and its derivatives non-aromatics organic compounds were formed that the rest was insoluble in hexane solvent. The PN gave an added value to the fuel oil.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Auto-Inflammation Test of Black Citric Acid Polymer (PN) and Fuel Oil (FO) Mixes - Coke Formation
    AU  - Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara
    AU  - Marie Nicole Rabemananjara
    AU  - Nambinina Richard Randriana
    AU  - Haritiana Jeannelle Rakotonirina
    AU  - Edouard Andrianarison
    AU  - André Razafimandefitra
    AU  - Baholy Robijaona
    Y1  - 2017/05/25
    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11
    T2  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied Chemistry
    SP  - 45
    EP  - 52
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2330-8745
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajac.20170503.11
    AB  - Increasing the value of heavy oil or vacuum resides was one of the challenge of petroleum industry. It has been neglected for technology improvement because the petroleum industry has focused on lighter crude oils and their distillable liquid fractions. The great problem was its conversion yields revealed a practical maximum limits that are imposed by petroleum poly-nuclear aromatics (PNA) of the petroleum macromolecules. Our objective in this manuscript was to understand and to show the black citric acid polymers (PN) effects to the value of fuel oil. Then, we have prepared FO/PN mixes samples and tested their auto-inflammation temperature. Coke was formed and quantified by hexane and dichloromethane extraction. The results showed that not only the auto-inflammation temperature of the mixes were largely lower than the ones of fuel oil and PN but also during the mixes combustion not inconsiderable alkenes such as prop-1-ène and its derivatives non-aromatics organic compounds were formed that the rest was insoluble in hexane solvent. The PN gave an added value to the fuel oil.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 3
    ER  - 

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