The current space networking capabilities and laser technology are constantly advancing, and space-based networks involve the acquisition, transmission, processing, storage, and distribution of information. Processing and storage on satellites has become technically and economically feasible. Especially driven by the rapid demand for small satellites, the functional density and integration have significantly improved, and the level of high-speed computing in orbit is constantly improving. In combination with the current satellite users' urgent needs for on orbit real-time processing of business data and construction of on orbit big data applications, this journal needs to deeply analyze the technical progress in the field of Hardware acceleration, focusing on High-speed computing architecture, System design, Software architecture, Key components, Engineering implementation, etc. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the functional density and design complexity of onboard computers, how to design a high-speed computing system architecture with strong data processing performance, wider universality, and more flexible bus device expansion is not only a future hotspot and difficulty in the field of technology research, but also an inevitable trend of development in this field. In this regard, this journal needs to deeply explore the technological path and sort out the key technologies, such as parallel high-speed data processing system architecture, universal hardware modules, new high-speed bus topology, high-performance basic software, etc. Then, track these key technologies one by one, explore safe and reliable design solutions and implementation methods for in orbit high-speed computing, and form a diversified evolution path for space-based high-speed computing.