| Peer-Reviewed

Cohort Development and Population Growth of Amblydromalus hum (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Citrus Red Mite in Comparison to Maize Pollen

Received: 11 August 2021    Accepted: 2 November 2021    Published: 12 November 2021
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Phytoseiidae mites suppress pest mites and small arthropods below injury levels. A study on cohort life stage of Amblydromalus hum Pritchard & Baker was carried out to determine development and growth of the Phytosiidae mite. General observation showed a lower turnover of the larval stage to the Protonymph stage from the 12th day onward, probably this could be attributed to some cannibalism taking place where adults could prey on the larvae and the nymphal stages. Significantly, the larvae were most abundant within 21 days when A. hum was fed E. africanus showing a cohort life stage composition of 39% overall population among other motile life stages. Similarly, same larvae appeared significantly most abundant when feed on maize pollen at 61% over other cohort life stage within a period of 4 days. Female adults starved death by 3rd day and were found not to lay eggs within the period. It was observed that female adult A. hum did not live beyond the 3rd day when 100% mortalities occurred where maize. The study results showed that A. hum preference for E, africanus prey over maize pollen limited the predator’s survival in the absence of the preferred diet and hence need to explore alternative substrates in citrus orchards to boost information on how to conserve the beneficial predator in citrus production.

Published in American Journal of Entomology (Volume 5, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12
Page(s) 110-115
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Amblydromalus hum, Eutetranychus africanus, Population Density, Feed Rate, Eggs

References
[1] Tanigoshi, L. K., J. Y., Nishio-Wong, J. Fargerlund & H. J. Griffiths. (1985). Biological control of citrus thrips, Scirtothrips citri (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in southern California citrus groves. Environmental Entomology 14: 733-741.
[2] Beattie, G. A. C. & Gellatley J. G. (2003). https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/agriculture.
[3] De Morais, M. R. (2019) PhD Thesis: Distribution, bio-ecology and management of the citrus brown mite tegolophus brunneus Flechtmann (Acari: Eriophyidae). Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias-Unesp, Câmpus de Jaboticabal. Sao Paulo, Brazil.
[4] Abdelgayed, A. S., Eraky S. A. Neg M. W, Helal T. Y. & S. F. M. Moussa (2016) Phytophagous and Predatory Mites Inhabiting Citrus Trees in Assiut Governorate, Upper Egypt. Assiut Journal Agricultural Sciences 48, (1), 173-181.
[5] Tixier M-S. (2018) Predatory Mites (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in Agro-Ecosystems and Conservation Biological Control: A Review and Explorative Approach for Forecasting Plant-Predatory Mite Interactions and Mite Dispersal. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 6, 192, 1-21. www.frontiersin.org.
[6] Fang X. D., Ouyang G. C., Lu H. L., Guo M. F. & Wei Wu N. (2017) Ecological control of citrus pests primarily using predatory mites and the bio-rational pesticide matrine, International Journal of Pest Management 64: 3, 262-270. https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2017.1394507.
[7] Grout T. G & Ueckermann E. A. (1999) Predatory mites (Acari) found under citrus trees in the South African Lowveld. International Journal of Acarology 25 (3): 235-238.
[8] Kiptoo J. J., Mutisya D. L., Ndegwa P. N. & Irungu L. (in press, Int. J. Acarol.).
[9] Toroitich F. J., Ueckermann E. A., Theron P. D. & Knapp M. (2009) The Tetranychid mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) of Kenya and re-description of the species Peltanobia erasmusi Meyer (Acari: Tetranychidae) based on males. Zootaxa 2176: 33-47.
[10] Xu X. & Enkegaard A. (2010) Prey preference of the predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii between first instar western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis and nymphs of the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae. Journal of Insect Science 10: 149, 1-11.
[11] Sahraoui H., Kreiter S., Lebdi-Grissa K. & Tixier M-S. (2016) Sustainable weed management and predatory mite (Acari: Phytoseiidae) dynamics in Tunisian citrus orchards. Acarologia 56 (4): 517–532.
[12] Fang X., Lu H., Ouyang G., Xia Y., Guo M. & Wu W. (2014). Effectiveness of two predatory mite species (Acari: Phytoseiidae) in controlling Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae). Florida Entomologist 96 (4): 1325-1333.
[13] Al Rehiayan S. M. & Fouly A. H. (2005) Cosmolaelaps simplex (Berlese) a Polyphagous predatory mite feeding on root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica and citrus nematode Tylenchulus semipenetrans. Pakistani Journal of Biological Sciences 8 (1), 168-174.
[14] Ming Hui Lee & Zhi-Qiang Zhang (2018) Assessing the augmentation of Amblydromalus limonicus with the supplementation of pollen, thread, and substrates to combat greenhouse whitefly populations. Scientific Reports (Springer) 8: 12189.
[15] Ibrahim Y. B. & Yee T. S. (2000) Influence of Sublethal Exposure to Abamectin on the Biological Performance of Neoseiulus longispinosus (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 93, Issue 4, 1 August 2000, Pages 1085–1089, https://doi.org/10.1603/0022-0493-93.4.1085.
[16] Zhang Z-Q,. Sanderson J. P. (1990) Relative Toxicity of Abamectin to the Predatory Mite Phytoseiulus persimilis (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Twospotted Spider Mite (Acari: Tetranychidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 83, Pages 1783–1790, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/83.5.1783.
[17] Reda S.& El-Banhawy E. M. (1988) Effect of avermectin and dicofol on the immatures of the predacious mite Amblyseius gossipi with a special reference to the secondary poisoning effect on the adult female [Acari: Phytoseiidae]. Entomophaga 33: 349–355.
[18] Kim S. S. & Yoo S. S. (2002) Comparative toxicity of some acaricides to the predatory mite, Phytoseiulus persimilis and the twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. BioControl volume 47: 563–573.
[19] Mansour F. A., Ascher K. R. S. & Abo-Moch F. (1997). Effects of neemgard on phytophagous and predacious mites and on Spiders. Phytoparasitica, 25, 333-367.
[20] Matías Arim, Pablo A. Marquet, (2004) Intraguild predation: a widespread interaction related to species biology, Ecology Letters (Wiley), 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00613.x, 7, 7, (557-564), (2004).
[21] Holyoak M., Lawler S. P. (2005) The Contribution of Laboratory Experiments on Protists to Understanding Population and Metapopulation Dynamics, Population Dynamics and Laboratory Ecology, 10.1016/S0065-2504(04)37008-X, (245-271).
[22] Kiman Z. B., Yeargan K. V. (1985) Development and Reproduction of the Predator Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) Reared on Diets of Selected Plant Material and Arthropod Prey. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 78: 464–467, https://doi.org/10.1093/aesa/78.4.464.
[23] Muhammad Sarwar (2016) Comparative life history characteristics of the mite predator Neoseiulus cucumeris (Oudemans) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on mite and pollen diets. International Journal of Pest Management, Pages 140-148 | https://doi.org/10.1080/09670874.2016.1146806.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Judith Kiptoo, Daniel Mutisya, Paul Ndegwa, Lucy Irungu, Mustansar Mubeen. (2021). Cohort Development and Population Growth of Amblydromalus hum (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Citrus Red Mite in Comparison to Maize Pollen. American Journal of Entomology, 5(4), 110-115. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Judith Kiptoo; Daniel Mutisya; Paul Ndegwa; Lucy Irungu; Mustansar Mubeen. Cohort Development and Population Growth of Amblydromalus hum (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Citrus Red Mite in Comparison to Maize Pollen. Am. J. Entomol. 2021, 5(4), 110-115. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Judith Kiptoo, Daniel Mutisya, Paul Ndegwa, Lucy Irungu, Mustansar Mubeen. Cohort Development and Population Growth of Amblydromalus hum (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Citrus Red Mite in Comparison to Maize Pollen. Am J Entomol. 2021;5(4):110-115. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12,
      author = {Judith Kiptoo and Daniel Mutisya and Paul Ndegwa and Lucy Irungu and Mustansar Mubeen},
      title = {Cohort Development and Population Growth of Amblydromalus hum (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Citrus Red Mite in Comparison to Maize Pollen},
      journal = {American Journal of Entomology},
      volume = {5},
      number = {4},
      pages = {110-115},
      doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aje.20210504.12},
      abstract = {Phytoseiidae mites suppress pest mites and small arthropods below injury levels. A study on cohort life stage of Amblydromalus hum Pritchard & Baker was carried out to determine development and growth of the Phytosiidae mite. General observation showed a lower turnover of the larval stage to the Protonymph stage from the 12th day onward, probably this could be attributed to some cannibalism taking place where adults could prey on the larvae and the nymphal stages. Significantly, the larvae were most abundant within 21 days when A. hum was fed E. africanus showing a cohort life stage composition of 39% overall population among other motile life stages. Similarly, same larvae appeared significantly most abundant when feed on maize pollen at 61% over other cohort life stage within a period of 4 days. Female adults starved death by 3rd day and were found not to lay eggs within the period. It was observed that female adult A. hum did not live beyond the 3rd day when 100% mortalities occurred where maize. The study results showed that A. hum preference for E, africanus prey over maize pollen limited the predator’s survival in the absence of the preferred diet and hence need to explore alternative substrates in citrus orchards to boost information on how to conserve the beneficial predator in citrus production.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Cohort Development and Population Growth of Amblydromalus hum (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Citrus Red Mite in Comparison to Maize Pollen
    AU  - Judith Kiptoo
    AU  - Daniel Mutisya
    AU  - Paul Ndegwa
    AU  - Lucy Irungu
    AU  - Mustansar Mubeen
    Y1  - 2021/11/12
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12
    T2  - American Journal of Entomology
    JF  - American Journal of Entomology
    JO  - American Journal of Entomology
    SP  - 110
    EP  - 115
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-0537
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20210504.12
    AB  - Phytoseiidae mites suppress pest mites and small arthropods below injury levels. A study on cohort life stage of Amblydromalus hum Pritchard & Baker was carried out to determine development and growth of the Phytosiidae mite. General observation showed a lower turnover of the larval stage to the Protonymph stage from the 12th day onward, probably this could be attributed to some cannibalism taking place where adults could prey on the larvae and the nymphal stages. Significantly, the larvae were most abundant within 21 days when A. hum was fed E. africanus showing a cohort life stage composition of 39% overall population among other motile life stages. Similarly, same larvae appeared significantly most abundant when feed on maize pollen at 61% over other cohort life stage within a period of 4 days. Female adults starved death by 3rd day and were found not to lay eggs within the period. It was observed that female adult A. hum did not live beyond the 3rd day when 100% mortalities occurred where maize. The study results showed that A. hum preference for E, africanus prey over maize pollen limited the predator’s survival in the absence of the preferred diet and hence need to explore alternative substrates in citrus orchards to boost information on how to conserve the beneficial predator in citrus production.
    VL  - 5
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • School of Biological Sciences, Zoology Department, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

  • Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute, Kenya Agricultural & Livestock Organization (KALRO)- Katumani, Machakos, Kenya

  • School of Biological Sciences, Zoology Department, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya

  • School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Machakos University, Machakos, Kenya

  • College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan

  • Sections