Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (<i>Tritium aestivum</i> L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area

Hailu Mengistu; Ambesu Tilaye; Shimelis Alemayehu; Desta Gebre; Tadiyos Bayisa; Mihratu Amanuel; Daniel Muleta; Esayas Shonga; Bekele Abeyo; Geremew Awas; Ayele Badebo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13

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| Peer-Reviewed

Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area

Hailu Mengistu^*

, Ambesu Tilaye

, Shimelis Alemayehu

, Desta Gebre, Tadiyos Bayisa, Mihratu Amanuel, Daniel Muleta

, Esayas Shonga, Bekele Abeyo

, Geremew Awas

, Ayele Badebo

Published in International Journal of Genetics and Genomics (Volume 13, Issue 2)

Received: 26 March 2025 Accepted: 11 April 2025 Published: 24 May 2025

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Abstract

Wheat (Triticum spp) is one the most important and strategic cereal crops in Ethiopia, because of its role in food security, import substitution and used as raw material for the agro-processing. Bread wheat is recently cultivated in the lowland irrigated areas of Ethiopia. Despite many improved bread wheat varieties have been released nationally for rainfed areas, the adaptability of these varieties were not identified. To overcome this challenge, adapatabilty evaluation of recently released bread wheat varieties were condudcted to confirm their environmental adaptation across four locations. Systematic growth, yield and yield components, and environmental data were collected and analyzed using standard agronomic and statistical methodologies. The combined analysis of variance indicated that the sixteen tested varieties differed significantly for all traits except for their numbers of kernesl per spike. Variety Boru (4823.5 and 4566.7 kg ha^-1), Dursa (4352.9 and 3950 kg ha^-1) and Abay (4078.4 and 4433 kg ha^-1) stand out as the highest yielders at Werer and Arage respectively, indicating these varaieteis are best adapted and high yielding next to Ga’ambo-2 (chek) (4352.9 and 4388.3 kg ha^-1) in Afar region. Varaiety Biftu (3339.2 and 2965.2 kg ha^-1), Dursa (2880.4 and 3122.6 kg ha^-1) and Deka (2779.4 and 3087.5 kg ha^-1) recorded higher gran yield at Jeju and Merti respectively, indicating these varieties were best performing in Oromia region. High combined mean grain yield was recorded from Boru and Dursa variety (3626.22 kgha^-1 and 3563.97 kgha^-1) following the standard check variety “Gambo-2” (3781.89 kgha^-1) suggesting Boru and Dursa could be used as a widely adapted durum wheat variety with high grain yield to enhance wheat cultivation in irrigated lowland of Ethipia. The lowest grain yield was recorded in variety Wane (3006.37 kg ha^-1) and Ardi (2368.87 kg ha^-1) suggesting, Wane and Ardi may be less adaptable and low yielder.

Published in	International Journal of Genetics and Genomics (Volume 13, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13
Page(s)	33-41
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Bread Wheat, Yield, Adaptability, RCBD, Variety

References

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[4]	Bayisa T., Habte E., Amanuel M. (2019). Evaluation of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for potential and related traits under high temperature stress conditions at middle Awash, Ethiopia. Advances in Crop Science and Technology 7: 410.
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[8]	Gebre D., Amanuel M., Debele T., Mengistu H., Bayisa T. (2017). Enhancing sustainable wheat productivity and production through development of wheat varieties best adapted to irrigated lowland areas of Ethiopia. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research 6(2): 2319-1473.
[9]	Gedifew G., Mulugeta B., Desta A., Tesfaye G., Desalegn W. (2020). Adaptation and Performance Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) Varieties in Guagusa-shikudad District of North western Ethiopia.
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[11]	Girma D. and Esuyawkal D. (2020). Evaluation of Lowland Released Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Varieties under Irrigation in Raya Valley Southern Tigray, Ethiopia. Vol. 7, Issue 3, pp: (9-14), Available at: www.noveltyjournals.com
[12]	Jamal M. 1994. Performance of wheat genotypes under irrigation in a wash valley, Ethiopia. African Crop Science Journal, 2(2).
[13]	Kishk Abdelmageed, CHANG Xu-hong1, WANG De-mei, WANG Yan-jie, YANG Yu-shuang1, ZHAO Guang-cai, and TAO Zhi-qiang (2019). Evolution of varieties and development of production technology in Egypt wheat: A review.
[14]	Mihratu A., Desta G. and Tolessa D. (2017). Performance of bread wheat genotypes under different environment in lowland irrigated areas of Afar Region, Ethiopia.
[15]	Minot N., Warner J., Lemma S., Kasa L., Gashaw A., Rashid S. (2019). The wheat supply chain in Ethiopia: Patterns, trends, and policy options. Gates Open Res, (2019): 3(174): 174.
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[17]	Wuletaw T., Habte Z., Tolesa D., Daniel K., Wondwosen Sh., Tafesse S., Tamrat N., Negash G., Zewdie B. and Solomon A. (2022). Wheat Production and Breeding in Ethiopia: Retrospect and Prospects.

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APA Style

Mengistu, H., Tilaye, A., Alemayehu, S., Gebre, D., Bayisa, T., et al. (2025). Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 13(2), 33-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13

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ACS Style

Mengistu, H.; Tilaye, A.; Alemayehu, S.; Gebre, D.; Bayisa, T., et al. Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area. Int. J. Genet. Genomics 2025, 13(2), 33-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13

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AMA Style

Mengistu H, Tilaye A, Alemayehu S, Gebre D, Bayisa T, et al. Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area. Int J Genet Genomics. 2025;13(2):33-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13,
  author = {Hailu Mengistu and Ambesu Tilaye and Shimelis Alemayehu and Desta Gebre and Tadiyos Bayisa and Mihratu Amanuel and Daniel Muleta and Esayas Shonga and Bekele Abeyo and Geremew Awas and Ayele Badebo},
  title = {Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area
},
  journal = {International Journal of Genetics and Genomics},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {33-41},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijgg.20251302.13},
  abstract = {Wheat (Triticum spp) is one the most important and strategic cereal crops in Ethiopia, because of its role in food security, import substitution and used as raw material for the agro-processing. Bread wheat is recently cultivated in the lowland irrigated areas of Ethiopia. Despite many improved bread wheat varieties have been released nationally for rainfed areas, the adaptability of these varieties were not identified. To overcome this challenge, adapatabilty evaluation of recently released bread wheat varieties were condudcted to confirm their environmental adaptation across four locations. Systematic growth, yield and yield components, and environmental data were collected and analyzed using standard agronomic and statistical methodologies. The combined analysis of variance indicated that the sixteen tested varieties differed significantly for all traits except for their numbers of kernesl per spike. Variety Boru (4823.5 and 4566.7 kg ha-1), Dursa (4352.9 and 3950 kg ha-1) and Abay (4078.4 and 4433 kg ha-1) stand out as the highest yielders at Werer and Arage respectively, indicating these varaieteis are best adapted and high yielding next to Ga’ambo-2 (chek) (4352.9 and 4388.3 kg ha-1) in Afar region. Varaiety Biftu (3339.2 and 2965.2 kg ha-1), Dursa (2880.4 and 3122.6 kg ha-1) and Deka (2779.4 and 3087.5 kg ha-1) recorded higher gran yield at Jeju and Merti respectively, indicating these varieties were best performing in Oromia region. High combined mean grain yield was recorded from Boru and Dursa variety (3626.22 kgha-1 and 3563.97 kgha-1) following the standard check variety “Gambo-2” (3781.89 kgha-1) suggesting Boru and Dursa could be used as a widely adapted durum wheat variety with high grain yield to enhance wheat cultivation in irrigated lowland of Ethipia. The lowest grain yield was recorded in variety Wane (3006.37 kg ha-1) and Ardi (2368.87 kg ha-1) suggesting, Wane and Ardi may be less adaptable and low yielder.
},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area

AU  - Hailu Mengistu
AU  - Ambesu Tilaye
AU  - Shimelis Alemayehu
AU  - Desta Gebre
AU  - Tadiyos Bayisa
AU  - Mihratu Amanuel
AU  - Daniel Muleta
AU  - Esayas Shonga
AU  - Bekele Abeyo
AU  - Geremew Awas
AU  - Ayele Badebo
Y1  - 2025/05/24
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13
T2  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
JF  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
JO  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
SP  - 33
EP  - 41
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7359
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13
AB  - Wheat (Triticum spp) is one the most important and strategic cereal crops in Ethiopia, because of its role in food security, import substitution and used as raw material for the agro-processing. Bread wheat is recently cultivated in the lowland irrigated areas of Ethiopia. Despite many improved bread wheat varieties have been released nationally for rainfed areas, the adaptability of these varieties were not identified. To overcome this challenge, adapatabilty evaluation of recently released bread wheat varieties were condudcted to confirm their environmental adaptation across four locations. Systematic growth, yield and yield components, and environmental data were collected and analyzed using standard agronomic and statistical methodologies. The combined analysis of variance indicated that the sixteen tested varieties differed significantly for all traits except for their numbers of kernesl per spike. Variety Boru (4823.5 and 4566.7 kg ha-1), Dursa (4352.9 and 3950 kg ha-1) and Abay (4078.4 and 4433 kg ha-1) stand out as the highest yielders at Werer and Arage respectively, indicating these varaieteis are best adapted and high yielding next to Ga’ambo-2 (chek) (4352.9 and 4388.3 kg ha-1) in Afar region. Varaiety Biftu (3339.2 and 2965.2 kg ha-1), Dursa (2880.4 and 3122.6 kg ha-1) and Deka (2779.4 and 3087.5 kg ha-1) recorded higher gran yield at Jeju and Merti respectively, indicating these varieties were best performing in Oromia region. High combined mean grain yield was recorded from Boru and Dursa variety (3626.22 kgha-1 and 3563.97 kgha-1) following the standard check variety “Gambo-2” (3781.89 kgha-1) suggesting Boru and Dursa could be used as a widely adapted durum wheat variety with high grain yield to enhance wheat cultivation in irrigated lowland of Ethipia. The lowest grain yield was recorded in variety Wane (3006.37 kg ha-1) and Ardi (2368.87 kg ha-1) suggesting, Wane and Ardi may be less adaptable and low yielder.

VL  - 13
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Hailu Mengistu

Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0004-3333-5429
Ambesu Tilaye

Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8779-7387
Shimelis Alemayehu

Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0001-8050-481x
Desta Gebre

Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Tadiyos Bayisa

Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email
Mihratu Amanuel

Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Daniel Muleta

Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7012-3346
Esayas Shonga

Werer Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Bekele Abeyo

CIMMYT- Ethiopia Office, ILRI Gurd Sholla Campus, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8548-5128
Geremew Awas

CIMMYT- Ethiopia Office, ILRI Gurd Sholla Campus, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7796-1027
Ayele Badebo

CIMMYT- Ethiopia Office, ILRI Gurd Sholla Campus, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6574-2724

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Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Mengistu, H., Tilaye, A., Alemayehu, S., Gebre, D., Bayisa, T., et al. (2025). Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area. International Journal of Genetics and Genomics, 13(2), 33-41. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13

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ACS Style

Mengistu, H.; Tilaye, A.; Alemayehu, S.; Gebre, D.; Bayisa, T., et al. Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area. Int. J. Genet. Genomics 2025, 13(2), 33-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13

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AMA Style

Mengistu H, Tilaye A, Alemayehu S, Gebre D, Bayisa T, et al. Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area. Int J Genet Genomics. 2025;13(2):33-41. doi: 10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13,
  author = {Hailu Mengistu and Ambesu Tilaye and Shimelis Alemayehu and Desta Gebre and Tadiyos Bayisa and Mihratu Amanuel and Daniel Muleta and Esayas Shonga and Bekele Abeyo and Geremew Awas and Ayele Badebo},
  title = {Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area
},
  journal = {International Journal of Genetics and Genomics},
  volume = {13},
  number = {2},
  pages = {33-41},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijgg.20251302.13},
  abstract = {Wheat (Triticum spp) is one the most important and strategic cereal crops in Ethiopia, because of its role in food security, import substitution and used as raw material for the agro-processing. Bread wheat is recently cultivated in the lowland irrigated areas of Ethiopia. Despite many improved bread wheat varieties have been released nationally for rainfed areas, the adaptability of these varieties were not identified. To overcome this challenge, adapatabilty evaluation of recently released bread wheat varieties were condudcted to confirm their environmental adaptation across four locations. Systematic growth, yield and yield components, and environmental data were collected and analyzed using standard agronomic and statistical methodologies. The combined analysis of variance indicated that the sixteen tested varieties differed significantly for all traits except for their numbers of kernesl per spike. Variety Boru (4823.5 and 4566.7 kg ha-1), Dursa (4352.9 and 3950 kg ha-1) and Abay (4078.4 and 4433 kg ha-1) stand out as the highest yielders at Werer and Arage respectively, indicating these varaieteis are best adapted and high yielding next to Ga’ambo-2 (chek) (4352.9 and 4388.3 kg ha-1) in Afar region. Varaiety Biftu (3339.2 and 2965.2 kg ha-1), Dursa (2880.4 and 3122.6 kg ha-1) and Deka (2779.4 and 3087.5 kg ha-1) recorded higher gran yield at Jeju and Merti respectively, indicating these varieties were best performing in Oromia region. High combined mean grain yield was recorded from Boru and Dursa variety (3626.22 kgha-1 and 3563.97 kgha-1) following the standard check variety “Gambo-2” (3781.89 kgha-1) suggesting Boru and Dursa could be used as a widely adapted durum wheat variety with high grain yield to enhance wheat cultivation in irrigated lowland of Ethipia. The lowest grain yield was recorded in variety Wane (3006.37 kg ha-1) and Ardi (2368.87 kg ha-1) suggesting, Wane and Ardi may be less adaptable and low yielder.
},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Adaptability Evaluation of Bread Wheat (Tritium aestivum L.) Varieties Under Irrigated Conditions in the Upper and Middle Awash Area

AU  - Hailu Mengistu
AU  - Ambesu Tilaye
AU  - Shimelis Alemayehu
AU  - Desta Gebre
AU  - Tadiyos Bayisa
AU  - Mihratu Amanuel
AU  - Daniel Muleta
AU  - Esayas Shonga
AU  - Bekele Abeyo
AU  - Geremew Awas
AU  - Ayele Badebo
Y1  - 2025/05/24
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13
T2  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
JF  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
JO  - International Journal of Genetics and Genomics
SP  - 33
EP  - 41
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7359
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijgg.20251302.13
AB  - Wheat (Triticum spp) is one the most important and strategic cereal crops in Ethiopia, because of its role in food security, import substitution and used as raw material for the agro-processing. Bread wheat is recently cultivated in the lowland irrigated areas of Ethiopia. Despite many improved bread wheat varieties have been released nationally for rainfed areas, the adaptability of these varieties were not identified. To overcome this challenge, adapatabilty evaluation of recently released bread wheat varieties were condudcted to confirm their environmental adaptation across four locations. Systematic growth, yield and yield components, and environmental data were collected and analyzed using standard agronomic and statistical methodologies. The combined analysis of variance indicated that the sixteen tested varieties differed significantly for all traits except for their numbers of kernesl per spike. Variety Boru (4823.5 and 4566.7 kg ha-1), Dursa (4352.9 and 3950 kg ha-1) and Abay (4078.4 and 4433 kg ha-1) stand out as the highest yielders at Werer and Arage respectively, indicating these varaieteis are best adapted and high yielding next to Ga’ambo-2 (chek) (4352.9 and 4388.3 kg ha-1) in Afar region. Varaiety Biftu (3339.2 and 2965.2 kg ha-1), Dursa (2880.4 and 3122.6 kg ha-1) and Deka (2779.4 and 3087.5 kg ha-1) recorded higher gran yield at Jeju and Merti respectively, indicating these varieties were best performing in Oromia region. High combined mean grain yield was recorded from Boru and Dursa variety (3626.22 kgha-1 and 3563.97 kgha-1) following the standard check variety “Gambo-2” (3781.89 kgha-1) suggesting Boru and Dursa could be used as a widely adapted durum wheat variety with high grain yield to enhance wheat cultivation in irrigated lowland of Ethipia. The lowest grain yield was recorded in variety Wane (3006.37 kg ha-1) and Ardi (2368.87 kg ha-1) suggesting, Wane and Ardi may be less adaptable and low yielder.

VL  - 13
IS  - 2
ER  -

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