Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds

George Onyango Orido; Erick Kiplangat Ronoh; Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang; Benson Baari Gathitu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11

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Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds

George Onyango Orido, Erick Kiplangat Ronoh, Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang, Benson Baari Gathitu

Published in Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 2)

Received: 27 June 2023 Accepted: 12 July 2023 Published: 27 July 2023

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Abstract

In this study, three distinct and unique modes of greenhouse drying are introduced: solar, solar-exhaust gas, and exhaust gas modes of drying. The effect of drying black nightshade seeds in the three modes was studied, using germinability as a measure of quality. In solar mode, seeds were dried from a moisture content of 89.34% (db) to 7.13% (db) with the greenhouse dryer room air temperature range of 14.82-58.46°C and relative humidity of 9.40-88.03%. In solar-exhaust gas mode drying was performed from 92.57% (db) to 6.07% (db) within a temperature range of 34.49-61.97°C and relative humidity of 7.10-39.27%. In exhaust gas mode black nightshade seeds were dried from an initial moisture content of 88.84% (db) to a final one of 9.42% (db) when the greenhouse dryer room air temperature ranged from 25.75 to 30.77°C and relative humidity inside the dryer was between 51.88 and 83.98%. The results show that exhaust gas drying mode had a difference of 12.5% when its mean germination percentage was compared to solar mode of drying. Moreover, a 16.2% difference in means of germination percentage was recorded when solar-exhaust gas mode of drying was compared to exhaust gas mode. The highest mean germination percentage was recorded at 89% for exhaust gas drying mode because black nightshade seeds were subjected to temperatures ranging from 25.75 to 30.77°C. Modified Giner’s model predicted germination changes of black nightshade seeds more accurately than modified Sharp’s model due to the higher coefficient of determination (0.6896 > 0.6853) and lower root mean squared error (6.1554 < 6.4519). The activation energy in the modified Giner’s model was found to be 7.034×10³³ Joule/mole through model fitting to experimental data. In conclusion, it is recommended that the feasibility of exhaust gas energy use in drying be expanded to seeds of other African vegetable crops.

Published in	Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering (Volume 7, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11
Page(s)	44-56
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Black Nightshade Seeds Viability, Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Dryer, Exhaust Gas Energy

References

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APA Style

George Onyango Orido, Erick Kiplangat Ronoh, Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang, Benson Baari Gathitu. (2023). Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds. Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, 7(2), 44-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11

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ACS Style

George Onyango Orido; Erick Kiplangat Ronoh; Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang; Benson Baari Gathitu. Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds. J. Chem. Environ. Biol. Eng. 2023, 7(2), 44-56. doi: 10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11

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AMA Style

George Onyango Orido, Erick Kiplangat Ronoh, Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang, Benson Baari Gathitu. Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds. J Chem Environ Biol Eng. 2023;7(2):44-56. doi: 10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11

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@article{10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11,
  author = {George Onyango Orido and Erick Kiplangat Ronoh and Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang and Benson Baari Gathitu},
  title = {Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds},
  journal = {Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {44-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jcebe.20230702.11},
  abstract = {In this study, three distinct and unique modes of greenhouse drying are introduced: solar, solar-exhaust gas, and exhaust gas modes of drying. The effect of drying black nightshade seeds in the three modes was studied, using germinability as a measure of quality. In solar mode, seeds were dried from a moisture content of 89.34% (db) to 7.13% (db) with the greenhouse dryer room air temperature range of 14.82-58.46°C and relative humidity of 9.40-88.03%. In solar-exhaust gas mode drying was performed from 92.57% (db) to 6.07% (db) within a temperature range of 34.49-61.97°C and relative humidity of 7.10-39.27%. In exhaust gas mode black nightshade seeds were dried from an initial moisture content of 88.84% (db) to a final one of 9.42% (db) when the greenhouse dryer room air temperature ranged from 25.75 to 30.77°C and relative humidity inside the dryer was between 51.88 and 83.98%. The results show that exhaust gas drying mode had a difference of 12.5% when its mean germination percentage was compared to solar mode of drying. Moreover, a 16.2% difference in means of germination percentage was recorded when solar-exhaust gas mode of drying was compared to exhaust gas mode. The highest mean germination percentage was recorded at 89% for exhaust gas drying mode because black nightshade seeds were subjected to temperatures ranging from 25.75 to 30.77°C. Modified Giner’s model predicted germination changes of black nightshade seeds more accurately than modified Sharp’s model due to the higher coefficient of determination (0.6896 > 0.6853) and lower root mean squared error (6.1554 33 Joule/mole through model fitting to experimental data. In conclusion, it is recommended that the feasibility of exhaust gas energy use in drying be expanded to seeds of other African vegetable crops.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds
AU  - George Onyango Orido
AU  - Erick Kiplangat Ronoh
AU  - Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang
AU  - Benson Baari Gathitu
Y1  - 2023/07/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11
T2  - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering
JF  - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering
JO  - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering
SP  - 44
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-267X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11
AB  - In this study, three distinct and unique modes of greenhouse drying are introduced: solar, solar-exhaust gas, and exhaust gas modes of drying. The effect of drying black nightshade seeds in the three modes was studied, using germinability as a measure of quality. In solar mode, seeds were dried from a moisture content of 89.34% (db) to 7.13% (db) with the greenhouse dryer room air temperature range of 14.82-58.46°C and relative humidity of 9.40-88.03%. In solar-exhaust gas mode drying was performed from 92.57% (db) to 6.07% (db) within a temperature range of 34.49-61.97°C and relative humidity of 7.10-39.27%. In exhaust gas mode black nightshade seeds were dried from an initial moisture content of 88.84% (db) to a final one of 9.42% (db) when the greenhouse dryer room air temperature ranged from 25.75 to 30.77°C and relative humidity inside the dryer was between 51.88 and 83.98%. The results show that exhaust gas drying mode had a difference of 12.5% when its mean germination percentage was compared to solar mode of drying. Moreover, a 16.2% difference in means of germination percentage was recorded when solar-exhaust gas mode of drying was compared to exhaust gas mode. The highest mean germination percentage was recorded at 89% for exhaust gas drying mode because black nightshade seeds were subjected to temperatures ranging from 25.75 to 30.77°C. Modified Giner’s model predicted germination changes of black nightshade seeds more accurately than modified Sharp’s model due to the higher coefficient of determination (0.6896 > 0.6853) and lower root mean squared error (6.1554 33 Joule/mole through model fitting to experimental data. In conclusion, it is recommended that the feasibility of exhaust gas energy use in drying be expanded to seeds of other African vegetable crops.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

George Onyango Orido

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Erick Kiplangat Ronoh

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya
Benson Baari Gathitu

Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya

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APA Style

George Onyango Orido, Erick Kiplangat Ronoh, Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang, Benson Baari Gathitu. (2023). Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds. Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering, 7(2), 44-56. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11

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ACS Style

George Onyango Orido; Erick Kiplangat Ronoh; Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang; Benson Baari Gathitu. Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds. J. Chem. Environ. Biol. Eng. 2023, 7(2), 44-56. doi: 10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11

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AMA Style

George Onyango Orido, Erick Kiplangat Ronoh, Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang, Benson Baari Gathitu. Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds. J Chem Environ Biol Eng. 2023;7(2):44-56. doi: 10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11,
  author = {George Onyango Orido and Erick Kiplangat Ronoh and Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang and Benson Baari Gathitu},
  title = {Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds},
  journal = {Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {44-56},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jcebe.20230702.11},
  abstract = {In this study, three distinct and unique modes of greenhouse drying are introduced: solar, solar-exhaust gas, and exhaust gas modes of drying. The effect of drying black nightshade seeds in the three modes was studied, using germinability as a measure of quality. In solar mode, seeds were dried from a moisture content of 89.34% (db) to 7.13% (db) with the greenhouse dryer room air temperature range of 14.82-58.46°C and relative humidity of 9.40-88.03%. In solar-exhaust gas mode drying was performed from 92.57% (db) to 6.07% (db) within a temperature range of 34.49-61.97°C and relative humidity of 7.10-39.27%. In exhaust gas mode black nightshade seeds were dried from an initial moisture content of 88.84% (db) to a final one of 9.42% (db) when the greenhouse dryer room air temperature ranged from 25.75 to 30.77°C and relative humidity inside the dryer was between 51.88 and 83.98%. The results show that exhaust gas drying mode had a difference of 12.5% when its mean germination percentage was compared to solar mode of drying. Moreover, a 16.2% difference in means of germination percentage was recorded when solar-exhaust gas mode of drying was compared to exhaust gas mode. The highest mean germination percentage was recorded at 89% for exhaust gas drying mode because black nightshade seeds were subjected to temperatures ranging from 25.75 to 30.77°C. Modified Giner’s model predicted germination changes of black nightshade seeds more accurately than modified Sharp’s model due to the higher coefficient of determination (0.6896 > 0.6853) and lower root mean squared error (6.1554 33 Joule/mole through model fitting to experimental data. In conclusion, it is recommended that the feasibility of exhaust gas energy use in drying be expanded to seeds of other African vegetable crops.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Influence of Solar-Exhaust Gas Greenhouse Drying Modes on Viability of Black Nightshade Seeds
AU  - George Onyango Orido
AU  - Erick Kiplangat Ronoh
AU  - Patrick Ochuodho Ajwang
AU  - Benson Baari Gathitu
Y1  - 2023/07/27
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11
T2  - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering
JF  - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering
JO  - Journal of Chemical, Environmental and Biological Engineering
SP  - 44
EP  - 56
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2640-267X
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jcebe.20230702.11
AB  - In this study, three distinct and unique modes of greenhouse drying are introduced: solar, solar-exhaust gas, and exhaust gas modes of drying. The effect of drying black nightshade seeds in the three modes was studied, using germinability as a measure of quality. In solar mode, seeds were dried from a moisture content of 89.34% (db) to 7.13% (db) with the greenhouse dryer room air temperature range of 14.82-58.46°C and relative humidity of 9.40-88.03%. In solar-exhaust gas mode drying was performed from 92.57% (db) to 6.07% (db) within a temperature range of 34.49-61.97°C and relative humidity of 7.10-39.27%. In exhaust gas mode black nightshade seeds were dried from an initial moisture content of 88.84% (db) to a final one of 9.42% (db) when the greenhouse dryer room air temperature ranged from 25.75 to 30.77°C and relative humidity inside the dryer was between 51.88 and 83.98%. The results show that exhaust gas drying mode had a difference of 12.5% when its mean germination percentage was compared to solar mode of drying. Moreover, a 16.2% difference in means of germination percentage was recorded when solar-exhaust gas mode of drying was compared to exhaust gas mode. The highest mean germination percentage was recorded at 89% for exhaust gas drying mode because black nightshade seeds were subjected to temperatures ranging from 25.75 to 30.77°C. Modified Giner’s model predicted germination changes of black nightshade seeds more accurately than modified Sharp’s model due to the higher coefficient of determination (0.6896 > 0.6853) and lower root mean squared error (6.1554 33 Joule/mole through model fitting to experimental data. In conclusion, it is recommended that the feasibility of exhaust gas energy use in drying be expanded to seeds of other African vegetable crops.
VL  - 7
IS  - 2
ER  -

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