| Peer-Reviewed

Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metals in Water Samples from Various Region of Mekran Using Spectroscopic Technique

Received: 1 November 2021    Accepted: 6 December 2021    Published: 24 December 2021
Views:       Downloads:
Abstract

Heavy metals are the metals that are found at the bottom of the periodic table and have a higher density than 5 g/cm3. Even though heavy metals are necessary for organisms in little amounts but they can be poisonous to the living environment in high amounts. chemical wastes of industries, dumping of hospitals wastes into rivers and other materials which contain heavy metals are main causative ways of serious health hazards. Water is an important component of life on earth and it helps all activities carry out in living creatures. Clean and healthy water is the basic need for living organisms. This research was carried out on heavy metal analysis in drinking water in two districts of Balochistan named Kech and Gwadar. 13 water samples were collected from both districts. The concentration of zinc, chromium, iron, copper, arsenic, nickel, manganese of water samples was analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and colorimetric methods. The highest concentration was analyzed in heavy metals in District Kech, Copper (Cu) 0.09 ppm, Iron (Fe) 5.55 ppm, Zinc (Zn) 0.35 ppm, Nickel (Ni) 0.22 ppm, Manganese (Mn) 0.743 ppm, Chromium (Cr) 0.05 ppm and Arsenic (As) was not detected. The highest concentration was analyzed in heavy metals in District Gwadar, Copper (Cu) 0.08 ppm, Iron (Fe) 3.36 ppm, Zinc (Zn) 0.43 ppm, Nickel (Ni) 0.22 ppm, Manganese (Mn) 0.140 ppm, Chromium (Cr) and Arsenic (As) were not detected. The aims and objectives of this study are to determine the mean concentrations of heavy metals including Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, As, Mn, and Fe in water samples of different regions of Mekran Balochistan. People of Mekran mostly use water from lakes, rivers, and stream water for drinking and other purposes. There is no water purification system in the Mekran region and people are being affected by drinking contamination of water, in which heavy metals are one of the main causative ways of health effects. This research will enhance the knowledge of the local people of the Mekran division about the toxicity of water contamination, especially heavy metals.

Published in Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Volume 9, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15
Page(s) 110-114
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Water, Heavy Metals, Assessment, Spectroscopic Analysis

References
[1] Mustafa, S., Baloch, N., Muhammad, S., Malik, Y., Khan, T., Bibi, M.,... & Baloch, I. A. (2017). Determination of trace and heavy metals in drinking water of Jhal Magsi district of Balochistan, Pakistan. Pure and Applied Biology (PAB), 6 (1), 9-17.
[2] Völker, S., & Kistemann, T. (2011). The impact of blue space on human health and well being–Salutogenetic health effects of inland surface waters: A review. International journal of hygiene and environmental health, 214 (6), 449-460.
[3] Burmil, S., Daniel, T. C., & Hetherington, J. D. (1999). Human values and perceptions of water in arid landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning, 44 (2-3), 99-109.
[4] Mehta, L. (2014). Water and human development. World development, 59, 59-69.
[5] Waseem, A., Arshad, J., Iqbal, F., Sajjad, A., Mehmood, Z., & Murtaza, G. (2014). Pollution status of Pakistan: a retrospective review on heavy metal contamination of water, soil, and vegetables. BioMed research international, 2014.
[6] Naeem, M., Gul, S., Rehman, G. B., Ahmad, S., & Islam, M. (2020). Soil Characteristics Under Different Land Use Practices in Mangochar, Kalat District, Balochistan, Pakistan. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 9 (1), 22-26.
[7] Walker, D. B., Baumgartner, D. J., Gerba, C. P., & Fitzsimmons, K. (2019). Surface water pollution. In Environmental and Pollution Science (pp. 261-292). Academic Press.
[8] Pooja, D., Kumar, P., Singh, P., & Patil, S. (Eds.). (2020). Sensors in water pollutants monitoring: role of material. Springer.
[9] Ogunleye, I. O., & Izuagie, A. A. (2013). Determination of heavy metal contents in some industrial effluents from Ondo State, Nigeria. Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, 5 (8), 216-219.
[10] Abduro, F. (2017). Determination of heavy metals concentrations within the ever growing Lake Baseka, Ethiopia using spectrophotometric technique. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 11 (3), 146-150.
[11] Mutembei, J., et al., Determination of heavy metals and nutrients in Rivers Naka and Irigu, Chuka,(Kenya) using atomic absorption spectrometry and UV/visible spectrophotometry. 2014. 7 (11): p. 82-88.
[12] Mohod, C. V., & Dhote, J. (2013). Review of heavy metals in drinking water and their effect on human health. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2 (7), 2992-2996.
[13] Mahurpawar, M. J. I. J. o. R.-G., Effects of heavy metals on human health. 2015. 3 (9SE): p. 1-7.
[14] Duruibe, J. O., Ogwuegbu, M. O. C., & Egwurugwu, J. N. (2007). Heavy metal pollution and human biotoxic effects. International Journal of physical sciences, 2 (5), 112-118.
[15] Martin, S., W. J. E. S. Griswold, and T. b. f. citizens, Human health effects of heavy metals. 2009. 15: p. 1-6.
[16] Jaishankar, M., et al., Toxicity, mechanism and health effects of some heavy metals. 2014. 7 (2): p. 60.
[17] Genchi, G., Carocci, A., Lauria, G., Sinicropi, M. S., & Catalano, A. (2020). Nickel: Human health and environmental toxicology. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17 (3), 679.
[18] Levy, B. S., & Nassetta, W. J. (2003). Neurologic effects of manganese in humans: a review. International journal of occupational and environmental health, 9 (2), 153-163.
[19] Panhwar, A., Bhutto, S., Rashid, U., Begam, R., Yasir, M., Jalbani, N.,... & Jhatial, G. H. (2019). Effects of historic floodonwater qualityof fresh water reservoir keenjhar Lakeofsindh, Pakistan. Asian Journal of Science and Technology, 10 (11), 10499-10505.
[20] Raja, V., et al., Health risk assessment of heavy metals in groundwater of industrial township Virudhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India. 2021. 80 (1): p. 144-163.
[21] Tasneem, A., et al., Determination of arsenic (as) and iron (Fe) concentration in ground water and associated health risk by arsenic contamination in singair Upazila, manikganj district, Bangladesh. 2020: p. 32-41.
[22] Rahman, M. A. T., et al., Heavy metal pollution assessment in the groundwater of the Meghna Ghat industrial area, Bangladesh, by using water pollution indices approach. 2020. 10 (8): p. 1-15.
[23] Nazir, M., et al., Potential of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes L.) for phytoremediation of heavy metals from waste water. 2020. 2020 (1).
[24] Jangir, S. K., et al., Determination of trace elements (lead, zinc, chromium and copper) in water samples of Jhalawar (Rajasthan). 2021. 7 (11): p. 8729-8733.
[25] Topal, M., E. I. A. J. I. J. o. P. Topal, and A. Sciences, Determination of Concentrations of Lead and Nickel in Keban Dam Lake (Elazığ) within Water Framework Directive. 2017. 3 (1): p. 41-53.
[26] Obiri, S. (2007). Determination of heavy metals in water from boreholes in Dumasi in the Wassa West District of western region of Republic of Ghana. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 130 (1), 455-463.
[27] Wongsasuluk, P., Chotpantarat, S., Siriwong, W., & Robson, M. (2014). Heavy metal contamination and human health risk assessment in drinking water from shallow groundwater wells in an agricultural area in Ubon Ratchathani province, Thailand. Environmental geochemistry and health, 36 (1), 169-182.
Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Kamal Syed, Haneef-ur-Rehman, Muhammad Haroon, Naeem Ullah, Abdul Saboor, et al. (2021). Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metals in Water Samples from Various Region of Mekran Using Spectroscopic Technique. Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 9(4), 110-114. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15

    Copy | Download

    ACS Style

    Kamal Syed; Haneef-ur-Rehman; Muhammad Haroon; Naeem Ullah; Abdul Saboor, et al. Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metals in Water Samples from Various Region of Mekran Using Spectroscopic Technique. Sci. J. Anal. Chem. 2021, 9(4), 110-114. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15

    Copy | Download

    AMA Style

    Kamal Syed, Haneef-ur-Rehman, Muhammad Haroon, Naeem Ullah, Abdul Saboor, et al. Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metals in Water Samples from Various Region of Mekran Using Spectroscopic Technique. Sci J Anal Chem. 2021;9(4):110-114. doi: 10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15

    Copy | Download

  • @article{10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15,
      author = {Kamal Syed and Haneef-ur-Rehman and Muhammad Haroon and Naeem Ullah and Abdul Saboor and Rooh Ullah and Shakira Allah Baksh},
      title = {Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metals in Water Samples from Various Region of Mekran Using Spectroscopic Technique},
      journal = {Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry},
      volume = {9},
      number = {4},
      pages = {110-114},
      doi = {10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjac.20210904.15},
      abstract = {Heavy metals are the metals that are found at the bottom of the periodic table and have a higher density than 5 g/cm3. Even though heavy metals are necessary for organisms in little amounts but they can be poisonous to the living environment in high amounts. chemical wastes of industries, dumping of hospitals wastes into rivers and other materials which contain heavy metals are main causative ways of serious health hazards. Water is an important component of life on earth and it helps all activities carry out in living creatures. Clean and healthy water is the basic need for living organisms. This research was carried out on heavy metal analysis in drinking water in two districts of Balochistan named Kech and Gwadar. 13 water samples were collected from both districts. The concentration of zinc, chromium, iron, copper, arsenic, nickel, manganese of water samples was analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and colorimetric methods. The highest concentration was analyzed in heavy metals in District Kech, Copper (Cu) 0.09 ppm, Iron (Fe) 5.55 ppm, Zinc (Zn) 0.35 ppm, Nickel (Ni) 0.22 ppm, Manganese (Mn) 0.743 ppm, Chromium (Cr) 0.05 ppm and Arsenic (As) was not detected. The highest concentration was analyzed in heavy metals in District Gwadar, Copper (Cu) 0.08 ppm, Iron (Fe) 3.36 ppm, Zinc (Zn) 0.43 ppm, Nickel (Ni) 0.22 ppm, Manganese (Mn) 0.140 ppm, Chromium (Cr) and Arsenic (As) were not detected. The aims and objectives of this study are to determine the mean concentrations of heavy metals including Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, As, Mn, and Fe in water samples of different regions of Mekran Balochistan. People of Mekran mostly use water from lakes, rivers, and stream water for drinking and other purposes. There is no water purification system in the Mekran region and people are being affected by drinking contamination of water, in which heavy metals are one of the main causative ways of health effects. This research will enhance the knowledge of the local people of the Mekran division about the toxicity of water contamination, especially heavy metals.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

    Copy | Download

  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Assessment of Toxic Heavy Metals in Water Samples from Various Region of Mekran Using Spectroscopic Technique
    AU  - Kamal Syed
    AU  - Haneef-ur-Rehman
    AU  - Muhammad Haroon
    AU  - Naeem Ullah
    AU  - Abdul Saboor
    AU  - Rooh Ullah
    AU  - Shakira Allah Baksh
    Y1  - 2021/12/24
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15
    DO  - 10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15
    T2  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    JF  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    JO  - Science Journal of Analytical Chemistry
    SP  - 110
    EP  - 114
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2376-8053
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjac.20210904.15
    AB  - Heavy metals are the metals that are found at the bottom of the periodic table and have a higher density than 5 g/cm3. Even though heavy metals are necessary for organisms in little amounts but they can be poisonous to the living environment in high amounts. chemical wastes of industries, dumping of hospitals wastes into rivers and other materials which contain heavy metals are main causative ways of serious health hazards. Water is an important component of life on earth and it helps all activities carry out in living creatures. Clean and healthy water is the basic need for living organisms. This research was carried out on heavy metal analysis in drinking water in two districts of Balochistan named Kech and Gwadar. 13 water samples were collected from both districts. The concentration of zinc, chromium, iron, copper, arsenic, nickel, manganese of water samples was analyzed using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and colorimetric methods. The highest concentration was analyzed in heavy metals in District Kech, Copper (Cu) 0.09 ppm, Iron (Fe) 5.55 ppm, Zinc (Zn) 0.35 ppm, Nickel (Ni) 0.22 ppm, Manganese (Mn) 0.743 ppm, Chromium (Cr) 0.05 ppm and Arsenic (As) was not detected. The highest concentration was analyzed in heavy metals in District Gwadar, Copper (Cu) 0.08 ppm, Iron (Fe) 3.36 ppm, Zinc (Zn) 0.43 ppm, Nickel (Ni) 0.22 ppm, Manganese (Mn) 0.140 ppm, Chromium (Cr) and Arsenic (As) were not detected. The aims and objectives of this study are to determine the mean concentrations of heavy metals including Cu, Cr, Zn, Ni, As, Mn, and Fe in water samples of different regions of Mekran Balochistan. People of Mekran mostly use water from lakes, rivers, and stream water for drinking and other purposes. There is no water purification system in the Mekran region and people are being affected by drinking contamination of water, in which heavy metals are one of the main causative ways of health effects. This research will enhance the knowledge of the local people of the Mekran division about the toxicity of water contamination, especially heavy metals.
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

    Copy | Download

Author Information
  • Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat (Kech), Turbat, Pakistan

  • Department of Natural and Basic Science, University of Turbat (Kech), Turbat, Pakistan

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat (Kech), Turbat, Pakistan

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat (Kech), Turbat, Pakistan

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat (Kech), Turbat, Pakistan

  • Department of Natural and Basic Science, University of Turbat (Kech), Turbat, Pakistan

  • Department of Chemistry, University of Turbat (Kech), Turbat, Pakistan

  • Sections