The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance

Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo; Moses Wakoli Wamalwa; Pius Nderitu Kihara

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11

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The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance

Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo, Moses Wakoli Wamalwa, Pius Nderitu Kihara

Received: 27 May 2021 Accepted: 28 June 2021 Published: 21 January 2022

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Abstract

Traffic road accidents are a concern for every elected government since it affects the socio and economic well-being of a country. Kenya has experienced high number of road accidents claiming more than three thousands lives every year. The cause of traffic road accidents is usually blamed on the drivers, pedestrians, lack of adequate enforcement of traffic laws, quality of roads among other reasons. The government has tried to address this road carnage by coming up with road safety measures and improvement of road infrastructure. In this paper Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) has been used to study the effect of pavement damage on number of accidents and on time spent on roads. By considering two dependent variables (the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads) and two factors (damage on pavement and type of vehicle), a 2×3 design with 4 replications, for a total of 24 observation vectors has been developed. Significance tests involving the individual dependent variables have been carried out. Using the sampled data from Nairobi, it has been determined that type of vehicle has a significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads. It is also determined that damage of pavements does not have significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads.

DOI	10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11
Published in	International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology (Volume 8, Issue 1, March 2022)
Page(s)	1-12
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Multivariate Analysis of Variance, Dependent Variables, Factors, Replications, Damage of Pavements

References

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Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo, Moses Wakoli Wamalwa, Pius Nderitu Kihara. (2022). The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11

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Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo; Moses Wakoli Wamalwa; Pius Nderitu Kihara. The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2022, 8(1), 1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11

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AMA Style

Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo, Moses Wakoli Wamalwa, Pius Nderitu Kihara. The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2022;8(1):1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11,
  author = {Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo and Moses Wakoli Wamalwa and Pius Nderitu Kihara},
  title = {The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20220801.11},
  abstract = {Traffic road accidents are a concern for every elected government since it affects the socio and economic well-being of a country. Kenya has experienced high number of road accidents claiming more than three thousands lives every year. The cause of traffic road accidents is usually blamed on the drivers, pedestrians, lack of adequate enforcement of traffic laws, quality of roads among other reasons. The government has tried to address this road carnage by coming up with road safety measures and improvement of road infrastructure. In this paper Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) has been used to study the effect of pavement damage on number of accidents and on time spent on roads. By considering two dependent variables (the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads) and two factors (damage on pavement and type of vehicle), a 2×3 design with 4 replications, for a total of 24 observation vectors has been developed. Significance tests involving the individual dependent variables have been carried out. Using the sampled data from Nairobi, it has been determined that type of vehicle has a significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads. It is also determined that damage of pavements does not have significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance
AU  - Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo
AU  - Moses Wakoli Wamalwa
AU  - Pius Nderitu Kihara
Y1  - 2022/01/21
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11
AB  - Traffic road accidents are a concern for every elected government since it affects the socio and economic well-being of a country. Kenya has experienced high number of road accidents claiming more than three thousands lives every year. The cause of traffic road accidents is usually blamed on the drivers, pedestrians, lack of adequate enforcement of traffic laws, quality of roads among other reasons. The government has tried to address this road carnage by coming up with road safety measures and improvement of road infrastructure. In this paper Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) has been used to study the effect of pavement damage on number of accidents and on time spent on roads. By considering two dependent variables (the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads) and two factors (damage on pavement and type of vehicle), a 2×3 design with 4 replications, for a total of 24 observation vectors has been developed. Significance tests involving the individual dependent variables have been carried out. Using the sampled data from Nairobi, it has been determined that type of vehicle has a significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads. It is also determined that damage of pavements does not have significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo

Department of School of Mathematics and Actuarial, University of Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
Moses Wakoli Wamalwa

Department of School of Mathematics and Actuarial, University of Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya
Pius Nderitu Kihara

Department of School of Mathematics and Actuarial, University of Technical University of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya

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APA Style

Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo, Moses Wakoli Wamalwa, Pius Nderitu Kihara. (2022). The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology, 8(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11

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ACS Style

Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo; Moses Wakoli Wamalwa; Pius Nderitu Kihara. The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Int. J. Transp. Eng. Technol. 2022, 8(1), 1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11

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AMA Style

Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo, Moses Wakoli Wamalwa, Pius Nderitu Kihara. The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance. Int J Transp Eng Technol. 2022;8(1):1-12. doi: 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11,
  author = {Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo and Moses Wakoli Wamalwa and Pius Nderitu Kihara},
  title = {The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance},
  journal = {International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1-12},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijtet.20220801.11},
  abstract = {Traffic road accidents are a concern for every elected government since it affects the socio and economic well-being of a country. Kenya has experienced high number of road accidents claiming more than three thousands lives every year. The cause of traffic road accidents is usually blamed on the drivers, pedestrians, lack of adequate enforcement of traffic laws, quality of roads among other reasons. The government has tried to address this road carnage by coming up with road safety measures and improvement of road infrastructure. In this paper Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) has been used to study the effect of pavement damage on number of accidents and on time spent on roads. By considering two dependent variables (the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads) and two factors (damage on pavement and type of vehicle), a 2×3 design with 4 replications, for a total of 24 observation vectors has been developed. Significance tests involving the individual dependent variables have been carried out. Using the sampled data from Nairobi, it has been determined that type of vehicle has a significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads. It is also determined that damage of pavements does not have significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads.},
 year = {2022}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of Pavement Damage on Number of Accidents and on Traffic Congestion on Roads Using Multivariate Analysis of Variance
AU  - Angelina Auma Abuodha Oyoo
AU  - Moses Wakoli Wamalwa
AU  - Pius Nderitu Kihara
Y1  - 2022/01/21
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11
T2  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JF  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
JO  - International Journal of Transportation Engineering and Technology
SP  - 1
EP  - 12
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1751
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijtet.20220801.11
AB  - Traffic road accidents are a concern for every elected government since it affects the socio and economic well-being of a country. Kenya has experienced high number of road accidents claiming more than three thousands lives every year. The cause of traffic road accidents is usually blamed on the drivers, pedestrians, lack of adequate enforcement of traffic laws, quality of roads among other reasons. The government has tried to address this road carnage by coming up with road safety measures and improvement of road infrastructure. In this paper Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) has been used to study the effect of pavement damage on number of accidents and on time spent on roads. By considering two dependent variables (the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads) and two factors (damage on pavement and type of vehicle), a 2×3 design with 4 replications, for a total of 24 observation vectors has been developed. Significance tests involving the individual dependent variables have been carried out. Using the sampled data from Nairobi, it has been determined that type of vehicle has a significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads. It is also determined that damage of pavements does not have significant effect on the number of accidents and traffic congestion on roads.
VL  - 8
IS  - 1
ER  -

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