The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe; Ransom Baribefii Jacob; Serekara Gideon Christian; Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze

doi:doi:10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12

| Peer-Reviewed

The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe, Ransom Baribefii Jacob, Serekara Gideon Christian, Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze

Published in Biomedical Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 17 February 2022 Accepted: 15 March 2022 Published: 31 May 2022

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

Background: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has caused increased quality of life in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients and administration of this therapy comes with toxicity and possible inflammation. Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is known to link with inflammation, atherosclerosis and platelet activation. Prospectively, we examined the effect of cART on the NLR in HIV+ patients presenting to begin cART in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital. Aim: This study is aimed at determining the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients. Methods: Four (4) millilitre of blood sample each was collected using a vacutainer containing 0.5 ml of 1.2 mg/ml of K₂EDTA was collected from 40 subjects recruited for the study. Samples were collected at entry into the study, after 3 months and 6 months on ART respectively for Full Blood Count using a 3-part Sysmex XP300 and HIV Viral Load with RT-PCR using Cobas TaqMan version 1.5 (Roche Molecular Systems). Results: Subjects mean age was 36.20 years, 14 (35%) of them were males and 26 (65%) were females. Mean Neutrophil: Lymphocyte ratio and HIV viral load (VL) at Month 0, 3 and 6 months were 1.539±1.094 and 215767.85±360338.04 cp/ml, 0.902±0.358 and 705.650±684.220cp/ml and 29.330±17.869cp/ml 0.676±0.171 respectively. There was a statistically significant increase (p < 0.001) in the measured parameters. Conclusion: There is a plethora of proof which this study agrees with and that is the fact that viral load and inflammation in HIV+ patients reduce considerably by cART. Study has validated the prognostic effect of NLR in the early detection of inflammation. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR.

Published in	Biomedical Sciences (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12
Page(s)	57-62
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Combined Antiretroviral Therapy (cART), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Viral Load (VL)

References

[1]	Turkmen, K., Erdur, F. M., Ozcicek, F., Ozcicek, A., Akbas, & Ozbicer, A., (2013). Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio better predicts inflammation than neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in end – stage renal disease patients. Hemodialysis International, 17, 391–6.
[2]	Kim, W. H., Park, J. Y., Ok, S. H., Shin, I. W. & Sohn, J. T. (2015). Association between the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and acute kidneyinjury after cardiovascular surgery: a retrospective observational study. Medicine, 94, e1867.
[3]	Soehnlein, O. (2012). Multiple roles for neutrophils in atherosclerosis. Circulation Research, 110, 875–88.
[4]	Kramer, M. C., Rittersma, S. Z., de Winter, R. J., Ladich, E. R., Fowler, D. R. & Liang, Y. H. (2010). Relationship of thrombus healing to underlying plaque morphology in sudden coronary death. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 55, 122–32.
[5]	Vong, L., Lorentz, R. J., Assa, A., Glogauer, M. &Sherman, P. M. (2014). Probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus inhibits the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps. Journal of Immunology, 192, 1870–7.
[6]	Nakamura, K., Sasaki, T., Cheng, X. W., Iguchi, A, Sato, K. & Kuzuya M. (2009). Statin prevents plaque disruption in apoE-knockout mouse model through pleiotropic effect on acute inflammation. Atherosclerosis, 206, 355–61.
[7]	Ruggeri, Z. M. (2009). Platelet adhesion under flow. Microcirculation, 16, 58–83.
[8]	Gawaz, M, Neumann, F. J., Ott, I., Schiessler, A. & Schomig, A. (1996). Platelet function in acute myocardial infarction treated with direct angioplasty. Circulation, 93, 229–37.
[9]	Jacob, R. B., Eze, E. M. & Jeremiah, Z. A. Haematological and cytokine parameters in male albino rats administered orally with single/combined doses of tramadol/Viagra. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2018; 5 (9): 102-107.
[10]	Gawaz, M., Langer, H. &May, A. E. (2005). Platelets in inflammation and atherogenesis. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 115, 3378–84.
[11]	Frenette, P. S., Denis, C. V., Weiss, L., Jurk, K., Subbarao, S. & Kehrel, B. (2000). P-Selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) is expressed on platelets and can mediate platelet-endothelial interactions invivo. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 191, 1413–22.
[12]	Gleissner, C. A., von Hundelshausen, P. & Ley K. (2008). Platelet chemokines in vascular disease. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 28, 7–1920.
[13]	Li, J. & Ley, K. (2015). Lymphocyte migration into atherosclerotic plaque. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 35.40–9.
[14]	Liu, A., Ming, J. Y., Fiskesund, R., Ninio, E., Karabina, S. A. & Bergmark, C. (2015). Induction of dendritic cell-mediated T-cell activation bymodified but not native low-density lipoprotein in humans and inhibition by annexin a5: involvement of heat shock proteins. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 35, 197–205.
[15]	Engelbertsen, D., Andersson, L., Ljungcrantz, I., Wigren, M., Hedblad, B. &Nilsson, J. (2013). T-helper 2 immunity is associated with reduced risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, 33, 637–44.
[16]	Maganto-Garcia, E., Tarrio, M. L., Grabie, N., Bu, D. X. & Lichtman, A. H. (2011). Dynamic changes in regulatory T cells are linked to levels of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. Circulation, 124, 185–95.
[17]	Chavez, V., Orizaga, C., Mejia, R. O., Gutierrez, C. S., Lagunas, R. & Viveros, S. M. E. (2017). Inflammation in hemodialysis and their correlation with neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet- lymphocyte ratio. Nefrologia, 37, 554–6.
[18]	Abe, T., Kato, S., Tsuruta, Y., Sugura, S., Katsino, T. & Kosigo, T. (2014). Nuetrophil lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of cardiovascular events in incident dialysis patients: A Japanese prospective cohort study. Journal of Clinical & Experimental Nephrology, 52, 332 -50.
[19]	Gibson, P. H., Croal, B. L., Cuthbertson, B. H., Small, G. R., Ifezulike, A. I. & Gibson, G. (2007). Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and outcome from coronary artery bypass grafting. American Heart Journal, 154, 995-1002.
[20]	Wang, Q., Ma, J., Jiang, Z. & Ming, L. (2018). Prognosticvalueofneutrophil-to-lymphocyteratioandplatelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in acute pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Angiology, 37, 4-11.
[21]	Collaboration, F. S., Danesh, J., Lewington, S., Thompson, S. G., Lowe, G. D. & Collins, R., (2005). Plasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis. JAMA. 294 (14), 1799–1809.
[22]	Kaptoge, S., Di Angelantonio, E., Lowe, G., Pepys, M. B. & Thompson, S. G. (2010). Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, C-reactive protein concentration and risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis. Lancet. 375 (9709), 132–140.
[23]	Cohen, H. J., Harris, T. & Pieper, C. F. (2003). Coagulation and activation of inflammatory pathways in the development of functional decline and mortality in the elderly. The American Journal of Medicine, 114, 180–187.
[24]	Di Castelnuovo, A., de Curtis, A, Costanzo, S., Persichillo, M. & Olivieri, M., Zito, F, (2013). Association of D-dimer levels with all-cause mortality in a healthy adult population: findings from the MOLI-S ANI study. Haematologica. 98, 1476–1480.
[25]	Proctor, M. J., Mcmillan, D. C., Horgan, P. G, Fletcher, C. D., Talwar, D. & Morrison, D. S. (2015). Systemic inflammation predicts all-cause mortality: a glasgow inflammation outcome study. Plos One, 10 (3), e0116206.
[26]	Templeton, A. J., Ace, O., Mcnamara, M. G., Al-Mubarak, M., Vera, F. E. & Hermanns, T. (2014). Prognostic role of platelet to lymphocyte ratio in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention, 23 (7), 1204–1212.
[27]	Guthrie, G. J., Charles, K. A., Roxburgh, C. S., Horgan, P. G., Mcmillan, D. C. & Clarke, S. J. (2013). The systemic inflammation-based neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio: experience in patients with cancer. Critical Reviews in Oncology/Hematology, 88 (1), 218–230.
[28]	Guo, X., Zhang, S., Zhang, Q., Liu, L., Wu, H. & Du, H. (2015). Neutrophil: lymphocyte ratio is positively related to type 2 diabetes in a large-scale adult population: a Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health cohort study. European Journal of Endocrinology, 173 (2), 217 – 225.
[29]	Hansson, G. K. (2005). Inflammation, atherosclerosis, and coronary artery disease. The New England Journal of Medicine, 352, 1685-95.
[30]	Sawako, K., Tomoko, A., Bengt, L. & Shoichi, M. (2015). Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio: A promising prognostic marker in patients with chronic kidney disease. Information cell Signal, 2, 683.
[31]	Miyamoto, T., Carrero, J. J. & Stenvinkel, P. (2011). Inflammation as a risk factor and target for therapy in chronic kidney disease. Current Opinion in Nephrology and Hypertension, 20, 662-8.
[32]	Raffetti, E., Francesco, D., Salvatore, C., Filippo, C., Laura, S., Alessandra, B., Franco, M., Nicoletta, L., Massimo, D., Chiara, F., Simona, D. & Eugenia, Q. (2017). A Systemic inflammation-based scores and mortality for all causes in HIV-infected patients: a MASTER cohort study. Biomed LCentral Infectious Diseases, 17, 193.
[33]	Karaman, M., Balta, S., Seyit, A. Y., Cakar, M., Naharci, I. & Demirkol, S. (2013). The comparative effects of valsartan and amlodipine on vWf levels and N/L ratio in patients with newly diagnosed hypertension. Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 35 (7), 516–522.
[34]	Buyukkaya, E., Karakas, M. F., Karakas, E., Akçay, A. B., Tanboga, I. H., & Kurt, M, (2014). Correlation of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio with the presence and severity of metabolic syndrome. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis /Hemostasis, 20 (2), 159–163.
[35]	Öztürk, Z. A., Yesil, Y., Kuyumcu, M. E,, Bilici, M., Öztürk, N. & Yeşil, N. K. (2013). Inverse relationship between neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and bone mineral density (BMD) in elderly people. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 57 (1), 81–85.
[36]	Balta, S., Demirko, S. I., Unlu, M., Arslan, Z. & Celik, T. (2013). Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio may be predict of mortality in all conditions. British Journal ofCancer, 109 (12), 3125–3126.
[37]	Osime, E. O. & Innih, S. O. (2017). Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio using white rabbit. Sahel Medical Journal, 20, 72-4.
[38]	Umar, R. A., Ladan, M. J., Hassan, S. W., Sa'id, Y., Abbas, A. Y. & Oduolisaeme, I. B. (2007). Administration of antiretroviral drugs (lamivudine, nevirapine and stavudine) has no untoward effect on haematological profile in albino rats. Asian Journal of Research in Biochemistry, 2, 147-51.
[39]	Eugenia, Q., Paola, M., Elena, R., Ilaria, I., Alessandro, B., Francesca, L., Annalisa, S., Franco, M. & Francesco, C. (2018). MASTER Cohort. BMC Infectious Diseases, volume 18, Article number: 285.
[40]	Moore-Igwe, B. W., Omunakwe, H. E., Ibegbulem, E. O., Eze, E. N. & Jeremiah Z. A. (2018). Viral Load Monitoring and Fibrinolytic Markers in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy. European Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Volume 5, Issue 12, 98-110.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe, Ransom Baribefii Jacob, Serekara Gideon Christian, Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze. (2022). The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy. Biomedical Sciences, 8(2), 57-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe; Ransom Baribefii Jacob; Serekara Gideon Christian; Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze. The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy. Biomed. Sci. 2022, 8(2), 57-62. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe, Ransom Baribefii Jacob, Serekara Gideon Christian, Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze. The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy. Biomed Sci. 2022;8(2):57-62. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12,
  author = {Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe and Ransom Baribefii Jacob and Serekara Gideon Christian and Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze},
  title = {The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy},
  journal = {Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {57-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bs.20220802.12},
  abstract = {Background: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has caused increased quality of life in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients and administration of this therapy comes with toxicity and possible inflammation. Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is known to link with inflammation, atherosclerosis and platelet activation. Prospectively, we examined the effect of cART on the NLR in HIV+ patients presenting to begin cART in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital. Aim: This study is aimed at determining the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients. Methods: Four (4) millilitre of blood sample each was collected using a vacutainer containing 0.5 ml of 1.2 mg/ml of K2EDTA was collected from 40 subjects recruited for the study. Samples were collected at entry into the study, after 3 months and 6 months on ART respectively for Full Blood Count using a 3-part Sysmex XP300 and HIV Viral Load with RT-PCR using Cobas TaqMan version 1.5 (Roche Molecular Systems). Results: Subjects mean age was 36.20 years, 14 (35%) of them were males and 26 (65%) were females. Mean Neutrophil: Lymphocyte ratio and HIV viral load (VL) at Month 0, 3 and 6 months were 1.539±1.094 and 215767.85±360338.04 cp/ml, 0.902±0.358 and 705.650±684.220cp/ml and 29.330±17.869cp/ml 0.676±0.171 respectively. There was a statistically significant increase (p Conclusion: There is a plethora of proof which this study agrees with and that is the fact that viral load and inflammation in HIV+ patients reduce considerably by cART. Study has validated the prognostic effect of NLR in the early detection of inflammation. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy
AU  - Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe
AU  - Ransom Baribefii Jacob
AU  - Serekara Gideon Christian
AU  - Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze
Y1  - 2022/05/31
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12
T2  - Biomedical Sciences
JF  - Biomedical Sciences
JO  - Biomedical Sciences
SP  - 57
EP  - 62
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3932
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12
AB  - Background: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has caused increased quality of life in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients and administration of this therapy comes with toxicity and possible inflammation. Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is known to link with inflammation, atherosclerosis and platelet activation. Prospectively, we examined the effect of cART on the NLR in HIV+ patients presenting to begin cART in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital. Aim: This study is aimed at determining the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients. Methods: Four (4) millilitre of blood sample each was collected using a vacutainer containing 0.5 ml of 1.2 mg/ml of K2EDTA was collected from 40 subjects recruited for the study. Samples were collected at entry into the study, after 3 months and 6 months on ART respectively for Full Blood Count using a 3-part Sysmex XP300 and HIV Viral Load with RT-PCR using Cobas TaqMan version 1.5 (Roche Molecular Systems). Results: Subjects mean age was 36.20 years, 14 (35%) of them were males and 26 (65%) were females. Mean Neutrophil: Lymphocyte ratio and HIV viral load (VL) at Month 0, 3 and 6 months were 1.539±1.094 and 215767.85±360338.04 cp/ml, 0.902±0.358 and 705.650±684.220cp/ml and 29.330±17.869cp/ml 0.676±0.171 respectively. There was a statistically significant increase (p Conclusion: There is a plethora of proof which this study agrees with and that is the fact that viral load and inflammation in HIV+ patients reduce considerably by cART. Study has validated the prognostic effect of NLR in the early detection of inflammation. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Ransom Baribefii Jacob

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Serekara Gideon Christian

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze

Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Rivers State University, Port-Harcourt, Nigeria

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe, Ransom Baribefii Jacob, Serekara Gideon Christian, Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze. (2022). The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy. Biomedical Sciences, 8(2), 57-62. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe; Ransom Baribefii Jacob; Serekara Gideon Christian; Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze. The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy. Biomed. Sci. 2022, 8(2), 57-62. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe, Ransom Baribefii Jacob, Serekara Gideon Christian, Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze. The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy. Biomed Sci. 2022;8(2):57-62. doi: 10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12,
  author = {Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe and Ransom Baribefii Jacob and Serekara Gideon Christian and Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze},
  title = {The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy},
  journal = {Biomedical Sciences},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {57-62},
  doi = {10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.bs.20220802.12},
  abstract = {Background: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has caused increased quality of life in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients and administration of this therapy comes with toxicity and possible inflammation. Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is known to link with inflammation, atherosclerosis and platelet activation. Prospectively, we examined the effect of cART on the NLR in HIV+ patients presenting to begin cART in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital. Aim: This study is aimed at determining the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients. Methods: Four (4) millilitre of blood sample each was collected using a vacutainer containing 0.5 ml of 1.2 mg/ml of K2EDTA was collected from 40 subjects recruited for the study. Samples were collected at entry into the study, after 3 months and 6 months on ART respectively for Full Blood Count using a 3-part Sysmex XP300 and HIV Viral Load with RT-PCR using Cobas TaqMan version 1.5 (Roche Molecular Systems). Results: Subjects mean age was 36.20 years, 14 (35%) of them were males and 26 (65%) were females. Mean Neutrophil: Lymphocyte ratio and HIV viral load (VL) at Month 0, 3 and 6 months were 1.539±1.094 and 215767.85±360338.04 cp/ml, 0.902±0.358 and 705.650±684.220cp/ml and 29.330±17.869cp/ml 0.676±0.171 respectively. There was a statistically significant increase (p Conclusion: There is a plethora of proof which this study agrees with and that is the fact that viral load and inflammation in HIV+ patients reduce considerably by cART. Study has validated the prognostic effect of NLR in the early detection of inflammation. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR.},
 year = {2022}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - The Effect of cART on Neutrophil: Lymphocyte Ratio in HIV+ Patients Initiating Combined Antiretroviral Therapy
AU  - Beatrice Wobiarueri Moore-Igwe
AU  - Ransom Baribefii Jacob
AU  - Serekara Gideon Christian
AU  - Evelyn Mgbeoma Eze
Y1  - 2022/05/31
PY  - 2022
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12
T2  - Biomedical Sciences
JF  - Biomedical Sciences
JO  - Biomedical Sciences
SP  - 57
EP  - 62
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-3932
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.bs.20220802.12
AB  - Background: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) has caused increased quality of life in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive patients and administration of this therapy comes with toxicity and possible inflammation. Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) is known to link with inflammation, atherosclerosis and platelet activation. Prospectively, we examined the effect of cART on the NLR in HIV+ patients presenting to begin cART in Rivers State University Teaching Hospital. Aim: This study is aimed at determining the effect of anti-retroviral therapy on Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Positive Patients. Methods: Four (4) millilitre of blood sample each was collected using a vacutainer containing 0.5 ml of 1.2 mg/ml of K2EDTA was collected from 40 subjects recruited for the study. Samples were collected at entry into the study, after 3 months and 6 months on ART respectively for Full Blood Count using a 3-part Sysmex XP300 and HIV Viral Load with RT-PCR using Cobas TaqMan version 1.5 (Roche Molecular Systems). Results: Subjects mean age was 36.20 years, 14 (35%) of them were males and 26 (65%) were females. Mean Neutrophil: Lymphocyte ratio and HIV viral load (VL) at Month 0, 3 and 6 months were 1.539±1.094 and 215767.85±360338.04 cp/ml, 0.902±0.358 and 705.650±684.220cp/ml and 29.330±17.869cp/ml 0.676±0.171 respectively. There was a statistically significant increase (p Conclusion: There is a plethora of proof which this study agrees with and that is the fact that viral load and inflammation in HIV+ patients reduce considerably by cART. Study has validated the prognostic effect of NLR in the early detection of inflammation. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR. It is therefore necessary to routinely review cART impact using NLR.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download