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Socioeconomic Status and Cardiovascular Risks in Awka, Nigeria
Okoye Innocent Chukwuemeka,
Ufoaroh Chinyelu Uchenna,
Anyabolu Ernest Ndukaife,
Ekeh Desmond Onyebuchukwu,
Nkechinyere Anulika Chukwumobi,
Chukwuonye Innocent Ijezie,
Sylvia Toochukwu Echendu,
Esther Umeadi
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
1-5
Received:
22 December 2021
Accepted:
19 January 2022
Published:
25 January 2022
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Globally, cardiovascular risks constitute a heavy healthcare burden, affecting people with different occupations, across economies in both the developed and the developing countries. Cardiovascular risks and differences in occupations have not been completely defined. This study was set out to evaluate the influence of occupations on the risks of cardiovascular disease in Awka, Nigeria. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in an unstructured market workers’ population. The subjects were classified according to their occupation and screened for cardiovascular risks. Cardiovascular risks were compared between the different occupations. Results: The study subjects were 294. Males made up 27.9% and females 72.1%. Their mean age was 43.13 ± 15.38 years, body mass index (BMI) 28.1 ± 6.0kg/m2, systolic blood pressure (SBP) 129.3 ± 23.7mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 82.6 ± 14.7mmHg Majority (98.6%) of the study subjects were Igbos, whereas only 1.4% were Hausas. Retailer minor had the highest prevalence of cigarette smoking, 10 (62.5%), p<0.001, tobacco use 6 (37.5%), p=0.097, alcohol use, 68 (54.8%), p=0.502, thickened arterial wall 38 (47.5%), p=0.001, spent > 10hors work per day 46 (53.5%), p<0.001, overweight 68 (65.4%), obesity 52 (53.1%), p=0.010, hypertension 74 (60.7%), p=0.002, much meat protein 146 (54.1%), p=0.019, night time sleep duration < 4hours 12 (75.0%), p=0.041, compared to all the other occupations. Cigarette smoking, p<0.001, thickened arterial wall, p=0.001, spent >10hors work per day, p<0.001, BMI, p=0.010, hypertension, p=0.002, consumption of much meat protein, p=0.019, night time sleep duration <4hours, p=0.041, were associated with economic status whereas tobacco use, p=0.097 and alcohol use, p=0.502, were not. Conclusion: The prevalence of cigarette smoking, thickened arterial wall, spending > 10hours work per day, obesity, hypertension, consumption of much meat protein, night time sleep duration < 4hours, were high and they were common among Retailer minor subjects in this study.
Abstract: Background and Objectives: Globally, cardiovascular risks constitute a heavy healthcare burden, affecting people with different occupations, across economies in both the developed and the developing countries. Cardiovascular risks and differences in occupations have not been completely defined. This study was set out to evaluate the influence of oc...
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The Ethos of Health Policies in the Grip of Lay Anticipation: The Case of Therapeutic Education for People Living with Type 2 Diabetes in Cameroon
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
6-13
Received:
7 January 2022
Accepted:
25 January 2022
Published:
9 February 2022
Abstract: Therapeutic education is an integral part of health promotion. It is an ancient and innovative approach to care, the result of a slow but steady evolution of public health practice around the world. Despite the fluctuating semantics in different paradigms, the goal of this approach is the quality of life of the person living with type 2 diabetes. To achieve this goal, a synergy of actions of all actors involved in the educational care approach and a promotion of community participation are necessary. Unfortunately, empirical evidence has shown a mismatch between the practices of expert and lay actors in the management of type 2 diabetes. The objective of this study is to analyse the therapeutic education practices of these two categories of actors. A qualitative descriptive study was conducted using documentary research, direct observation and in-depth semi-structured interviews. The target population consisted of lay actors (people living with diabetes, peer educators and family caregivers) and expert actors (health care providers, managers of diabetes care centres) according to our selection criteria. The field data was subjected to content analysis. The results showed that there were opposing pairs of actions, notably hospital-centred practices versus advanced therapeutic education practices. The medical approach versus the anthroposocialmedical approach to therapeutic education. Finally, the logic of expert actors is opposed to that of lay actors in educational care. An integration of the living environment and an effective focus on the person living with type 2 diabetes could improve community participation in the implementation of public health policies.
Abstract: Therapeutic education is an integral part of health promotion. It is an ancient and innovative approach to care, the result of a slow but steady evolution of public health practice around the world. Despite the fluctuating semantics in different paradigms, the goal of this approach is the quality of life of the person living with type 2 diabetes. T...
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Takayasu's Arteritis: Monitoring of Clinical and Laboratory Activity in a Kyrgyz Cohort of Patients
Koilubaeva Gulazyk Malikovna,
Bolotbekova Altynai Maratovna,
Egorova Olga Nikolaevna,
Tarasova Galina Michailovna,
Sarybaev Akbai Shogaipovich,
Chukubaev Marat Abdyganovich,
Turdukulov Zamir Ergeshevich,
Usupbaeva Dinara Abulmeizovna,
Turusbekova Aijan Kemelovna
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
14-24
Received:
4 January 2022
Accepted:
4 February 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: Monitoring of clinical and laboratory Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) activity was carried out in 40 patients. Most of them were female patients (92.5%), of Kyrgyz nationality (97.5%), of young age (median - 32 years [24; 44]), with a disease duration of 7.5 years (median – (3.5; 12.5)), with the onset of the disease at 24 years (median –(19; 30)), with V anatomical type - (72.5%), which had vascular stage (77.5%), III grade (≥2) of vascular complications (37.5%), severe exacerbation (65%), with pronounced activity (92.5%) according to the EULAR criteria, high laboratory activity (accelerated ESR in 75% and increased hsCRP - in 65.71% of patients). The lesion of the common carotid (85%) and subclavian arteries (85%) prevailed, the renal arteries were the second most frequently (62.5%) affected vessels, with a predominance of bilateral stenosis (96.1%). During the 5.5 year- follow-up course, a statistically significant partial remission (according to the BVAS index) was achieved in only 12.5% of patients, while frequency of mild and severe exacerbations of the disease remained at the same level (p> 0.05). However, according to the EULAR criteria, there was a statistically significant decrease in the disease activity (from 92.5% to 65% cases) and an increase in the frequency of remission (from 2.5% to 27.5% cases), with the exception of episodes of relapses: major (12.5%) and minor ones (45%).
Abstract: Monitoring of clinical and laboratory Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) activity was carried out in 40 patients. Most of them were female patients (92.5%), of Kyrgyz nationality (97.5%), of young age (median - 32 years [24; 44]), with a disease duration of 7.5 years (median – (3.5; 12.5)), with the onset of the disease at 24 years (median –(19; 30)), with...
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COVID-19 Disease Clinical Manifestations and Treatment Result Analysis
Youngah Choi,
Jeong-Seon Yoo,
Eun-Hyang Song,
Bu-Yeon Kim,
Shin-Ae Park,
Hyun-Joo Jin
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
25-32
Received:
6 January 2022
Accepted:
21 January 2022
Published:
16 February 2022
Abstract: From March 2nd, 2020th, this hospital started as a hospital mainly for COVID-19 infections and has been continuously treating COVID-19 inpatients until now, January 5th, 2022th. From the beginning of February, 2020th, to January 5th, 2022th, the total cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Korea was 649,669, the death toll was 5,838, and the mortality rate was 0.89%. The Korean quarantine system hospitalizes COVID-19 patients in the early stages of the (COVID-19) disease. We believe that it is due to this system that Korea has been able to keep a considerably low death rate compared to many other countries. In this paper, with data on 2,925 patients hospitalized from March 2, 2020 to September 30, 2021 at this hospital, this paper analyzes the disease patterns of patients, by analyzing clinical features and medication history of the patients and the existing diseases of the COVID-19 patients who were hospitalized in the hospital. The important thing is that Regdanvimab (Regkirona) should administered as early as possible in the early stage of infection and Veklury (Remdesivir) also should be administered as soon as possible at the time when oxygen saturation starts to drop. It is believed that the current quarantine system in Korea, which allows patients to be treated in hospitals at the initial stage of diagnosis, lowered the death rate from COVID-19.
Abstract: From March 2nd, 2020th, this hospital started as a hospital mainly for COVID-19 infections and has been continuously treating COVID-19 inpatients until now, January 5th, 2022th. From the beginning of February, 2020th, to January 5th, 2022th, the total cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Korea was 649,669, the death toll was 5,838, and ...
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Magnitude and Factors Associated with Acute Kidney Injury Among Patients Admitted in Jimma University Medical Centre South West Ethiopia 2020
Desalagn Wegaso,
Maekel Belay,
Fassikaw Kebede
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2022
Pages:
33-39
Received:
17 December 2021
Accepted:
6 January 2022
Published:
18 March 2022
Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the sudden loss of organ function and the third leading cause of mortality after bleeding and brain trauma among admitted patients. There is a paucity of epidemiological data concerning AKI in Sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia with predominant admission of chronic cases. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 15 August- 14 October 2020. Epi-Data version 3.2 was used for data entry. In addition, STATA/14 was used for analysis. A Logistic regression model was used to determine the association of independent variables with the outcome variable and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was used to estimate the strength of the association at P<0.05. Result: Two hundred eighty-eight (288) card of inpatient were selected for analysis making the overall response rate 97.8%. The mean (±SD) age of the respondents was 44.16 (±18.29) years. The overall magnitude of AKI was 23.32% (95%CI: 18.91--29.36). Cases at baseline having hemoglobin level≤10.9mg/dl (AOR=11.4: 95%CI: 4.2, 31.2), bing cancer cases 6.87 (AOR=6.87; 95%CI: 1.76--26.73, P<0.005), and having creatinin levels > 1.36 mg/dl (>121 Micromole/L) was 5.78 (AOR=5.77; 95%CI: 1.93--17.27), were significantly associated with AKI. Conclusions: According to KDIGO-definitions of AKI, the high magnitude was reported among hospitalized patients and predicted by being cases of cancer, anemic and creatinine levels were significantly associated with AKI.
Abstract: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the sudden loss of organ function and the third leading cause of mortality after bleeding and brain trauma among admitted patients. There is a paucity of epidemiological data concerning AKI in Sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia with predominant admission of chronic cases. Methods: An institution-based cros...
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