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Use of Modern Contraceptive Methods in Family Planning Among Married Women in Guinea
Moussa Kantara Camara,
Mamoudou Magassouba,
Sékouba Kouyaté,
Clémentine Loua,
Sidikiba Sidibé,
Marie-Rose Sandouno,
Aboubacar Sidiki Magassouba
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
189-194
Received:
26 August 2021
Accepted:
29 September 2021
Published:
5 November 2021
Abstract: Introduction: The use of modern contraceptives by married women remains a challenge in Guinea despite ongoing efforts. The objective of this study was to analyse the factors associated with the use of modern methods of contraception by married women in Guinea. Methods: This paper carried out a cross-sectional study with married women aged 19 to 49 in two communes of the Republic of Guinea. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using Stata SE 16.1 software. This paper performed univariate and multivariate analyses to identify factors that independently influence contraceptive method use by women. Results: This paper interviewed a total of 567 married women living as a couple who agreed to participate in the study. Modern contraceptive prevalence among married women was 20% (112/567). The average age of women was 37, 3±4.6. The women had discussed family planning (71.1%) for birth spacing (86.6%). Factors significantly associated with the use of modern contraceptive methods (p<0.05) were urban residence (OR: 4,094; 1,990-8,880); the profession of wives (OR: 2,094; 1,126 -3,893); supply to the private sector (OR: 6,210; 3,010-12,810); information received from medical staff (OR: 3.512377; 0.139-0.885) and from television (OR: 1921224; 0.069-0.533); desire for pregnancy (OR: 1486705. 0.0711-0.309); couple discussion (OR: 1691515; 0.080 -355); and spousal approval (OR: 17.78085; 8.530- 37.062). Conclusion: the non-use of modern contraceptive methods was associated with urban residence, self-employment of wives, supply in the private sector, information, husband's agreement in our study. The implementation of individual and collective health promotion measures would mitigate their impact.
Abstract: Introduction: The use of modern contraceptives by married women remains a challenge in Guinea despite ongoing efforts. The objective of this study was to analyse the factors associated with the use of modern methods of contraception by married women in Guinea. Methods: This paper carried out a cross-sectional study with married women aged 19 to 49 ...
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Factors Associated with Low Coverage of Intermittent Preventive Treatment with Sulfadoxyne-Pyrimethamine in Pregnancy in Dassa-Glazoué
Atade Sèdjro Raoul,
Ogoudjobi Ogourindé Mathieu,
Dangbemey Djima Patrice,
Djodi Salamatou,
Klipezo Roger,
Salifou Kabibou
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
195-199
Received:
14 October 2021
Accepted:
1 November 2021
Published:
10 November 2021
Abstract: Introduction: Malaria during pregnancy is a major public health concern in most endemic areas, including Benin. To overcome this, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends several prevention strategies, including the administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) during pregnancy. Objective: To study the factors associated with low coverage of Intermittent Preventive Treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPT-SP) against Malaria in pregnant women at Dassa-Glazoué area hospital in 2020. Study Method: This was a descriptive, analytical study with retrospective data collection that took place from May 25 to September 25, 2020. Results: During our study, three hundred and forty (340) pregnant women were investigated. The mean age was 27.67±6.12 years. The pregnant women included in the study were traders/dealers (35%) with a primary level of education (35%) and living in a common-law relationship (77.65%). The prevalence of IPT-SP coverage in antenatal care (ANC) was 35.00%. The number of ANC (less than 4) attended by the pregnant women (p=0.00), the age of more than 3 months from pregnancy to the first ANC (p=0.00) and non-compliance with ANC (p=0.00) were the factors associated with this low coverage. Conclusion: ANC is a special time for the administration of SP. New strategies must be put into place for the correct use of this service by pregnant women.
Abstract: Introduction: Malaria during pregnancy is a major public health concern in most endemic areas, including Benin. To overcome this, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends several prevention strategies, including the administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) during pregnancy. Objective: To study the factors associated with low coverage ...
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Postpartum Hemorrhage: Risk Factors and Preventive Strategies
Gonzalez Carrillo Lissette Alejandra,
Rodriguez Zambrano Miguel Angel,
Kirk Grohar Janette Lisbeth
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
200-205
Received:
18 October 2021
Accepted:
3 November 2021
Published:
10 November 2021
Abstract: Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is considered the leading cause of pregnancy related deaths worldwide, with an estimated 140,000 women dying annually from this complication. Aim: Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as the loss of more than 500 ml of blood after delivery or more than 1000 ml of blood after cesarean section. However, there are variations in its definition between societies and clinical practice guidelines. Findings: The incidence of postpartum hemorrhage is generally estimated between 4% and 6% and some studies report that identifiable risk factors can only be found in 39% of patients, so at least 2/3 of the women could have postpartum hemorrhage without any identifiable risk factor. Discussion: Today there is still an upward trend in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage, some authors believe that it may be due to the change in maternal characteristics or assisted reproductive techniques but there is little evidence to support it, instead it seems that it may be due to a delay in identification and treatment. Conclusion: it is important to take action without delay at the onset of postpartum hemorrhage that includes the implementation of established protocols and patient fluid management, with a trained team in the identification, reducing maternal morbidity and mortality due to this complication.
Abstract: Background: Postpartum hemorrhage is considered the leading cause of pregnancy related deaths worldwide, with an estimated 140,000 women dying annually from this complication. Aim: Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as the loss of more than 500 ml of blood after delivery or more than 1000 ml of blood after cesarean section. However, there are variati...
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Perception and Level of Knowledge on Preconception Care Uptake Among Women of Child Bearing Age Attending Reproductive Health Clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital
Edalia Madina Guye,
Edalia Bernard Kidinga,
Otieno Moses Omondi,
Mutabazi Michael,
Okun Daniel
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
206-211
Received:
11 August 2021
Accepted:
16 October 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: Background: Provision of care to adolescent girls and women before and between pregnancies improves their overall health. It also improves the pregnancy outcomes and the health of the new-born. There are many health related conditions that have an impact on maternal and neonatal health. There is paucity of information regarding the uptake of pre-conception care and the effects thereof in regard to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. The main aim of this study was to assess the Preconception Care (PCC) given to women of child bearing age at Kenyatta National Hospital Reproductive Health clinic. Methods: This was a descriptive prospective study that employed both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. The targeted population included the antenatal and postnatal women attended to at these clinics. Questionnaires were used to collect data from the respondents and the care providers were also interviewed. A total of 224 women of childbearing age who met the inclusion criteria were selected by convenient sampling technique and interviewed by use of questioners between December 2017 and March 2018. Content validity was ascertained by use of the test re-test method to establish reliability comparing with a Cronbach Alpha Reliability coefficient value. Data analysis was done by use of SPSS version 22; descriptive and inferential statistical tools like simple and multiple regressions were employed to establish association between the study variables and Chi square was used to establish if the association between independent and dependent variables were significant. Findings: Nineteen percent (19%, n=40) of the women knew about preconception care. There was positive attitude with 75.5% of the respondents stating that preconception care would improve the chances of having a healthy baby. Uptake was poor with only 23.1% had uptake of preconception care services despite the fact that 49.1% had received information on PCC. Conclusion: Women attending KNH reproductive clinic have –limited knowledge about PCC. Most of the women have positive attitude towards PCC but poor PCC practices.
Abstract: Background: Provision of care to adolescent girls and women before and between pregnancies improves their overall health. It also improves the pregnancy outcomes and the health of the new-born. There are many health related conditions that have an impact on maternal and neonatal health. There is paucity of information regarding the uptake of pre-co...
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The Right to Information: An Assessment of Patients’ Perceptions and Satisfaction in a University Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Cotonou
Cedric Egnonwa Bigot,
Angele Azon Kouanou,
Narcisse Vigan,
Patrice Dangbemey,
Kouessi Anthelme Agbodande,
Christiane Tshabu Aguemon
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
212-216
Received:
6 October 2021
Accepted:
27 October 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: The right to information is a fundamental right for women, who are vulnerable during the perimaternity period. This study aimed to assess and appraise women’s perceptions of their right to information and the practices of medical teams of maternity wards regarding this matter. This cross-sectional study was carried out for 3 months in the first University Clinic of Gynaecology and Obstetrics of Cotonou. The female patients included in the study attended this maternity hospital for antenatal care or childbirth. The data collected were analysed and processed with SPSS V.25 software. Three hundred female patients were recruited within the framework of the study. Their mean age was 28±5 years. Most of the respondents were educated (78.4%) and considered that access to information was a right vested to them (68.3%). There was a statistically significant association between that perception and patients’ educational levels or status. A large proportion of patients (88%) were satisfied with how information was delivered to them. Information related to diagnoses, paraclinical examinations and drug treatments was spontaneously transmitted in 37.7%, 55.6% and 27.7% of cases, respectively. Only 23.7% of the women who gave birth were provided information about the vaccines administered to their child at birth. Our findings provide evidence that maternity hospital users are aware of their right to their information. However, the medical team does not incorporate all the components of this right.
Abstract: The right to information is a fundamental right for women, who are vulnerable during the perimaternity period. This study aimed to assess and appraise women’s perceptions of their right to information and the practices of medical teams of maternity wards regarding this matter. This cross-sectional study was carried out for 3 months in the first Uni...
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Comparative Analysis Between Invalidated Biochemical Markers and the Well-established Markers of HELLP Syndrome
Kinikanwo Green,
Collins Amadi
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
217-223
Received:
20 October 2021
Accepted:
8 November 2021
Published:
17 November 2021
Abstract: Background: The use of the well-established markers of the Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet (HELLP) syndrome is very limited in the resource-poor settings of the developing populations. This study aimed to compare the readily available but invalidated biochemical markers with the well-established markers of HELLP syndrome. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted among women diagnosed with HELLP syndrome in the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) from 2011 to 2020. Data of each eligible case was acquired from the laboratory and medical records using a well-structured template and analyzed by standardized protocols. Results: A total of 230 cases of HELLP syndrome was identified; 200 complete HELLP (cHELLP) and 30 partial HELLP (pHELLP) variants. The cHELLP variants presented at an older age, higher gestational age, and had higher plasma bilirubin (PB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine, and uric acid (UA) but lower albumin concentration compared to those with pHELLP variant (p<0.05). With worsening severity, there was an increasing trend of plasma creatinine and UA but a decreasing trend of albumin among the cHELLP variants (p<0.05). UA level exhibited the strongest positive correlation with PB, LDH, aspartate, and alanine aminotransferases and maintained the strongest negative correlation with platelet count among those with cHELLP variants (p<0.05). At a cut-off value of 1.5 mmol/L, plasma UA (AUC:0.968; 95%CI:0.913-1.000;p<0.001) level had the most robust ROC values compared to those of plasma creatinine and albumin among the cHELLP variants. Conclusion: From the foregoing, plasma UA should be considered as an adjunct marker of cHELLP syndrome. However, further studies are highly recommended to evaluate conclusions from this study.
Abstract: Background: The use of the well-established markers of the Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes and Low Platelet (HELLP) syndrome is very limited in the resource-poor settings of the developing populations. This study aimed to compare the readily available but invalidated biochemical markers with the well-established markers of HELLP syndrome. Methods...
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Induced Abortion Among Reproductive Age Group Women in Health Facilities of Wolaita Sodo, South Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
224-230
Received:
23 October 2021
Accepted:
17 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
Abstract: There has been a significant reduction of abortion rates in high-income nations, while the rates remain unchanged in low-and middle-income countries. Post-abortion complications from induced abortion continued as the significant health burden of women in the reproductive age group in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess factors associated with induced abortion among the reproductive age group in health facilities of Wolaita Sodo, 2020. A facility-based cross-sectional study among women who seek post-abortion care service was conducted from February-to-July, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 362 women. Data were collected using a pre-tested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Epi data version 3.1 and SPSS version 23 were used for data entry and analysis. Descriptive statistics, followed by a multivariable logistic regression analysis were performed. In this study, 20.8% women experienced induced abortion. Being single {AOR: 5.8; 95% CI: (2.785, 11.898)}, having no formal education {AOR: 0.20; 95% CI: (0.050, 0.795)}, having current pregnancy order of ≥4 {AOR: 4.128; 95%CI: (1.597, 10.666)}, and unwanted pregnancies {AOR: 4.21; 95%CI:(1.432, 6.453)} were significantly associated with experiencing induced abortion. Being single, illiterate, having unwanted pregnancy and having four or more pregnancies were positively associated with induced abortion. Efforts to reduce induced abortion need to focus on increasing accessibility of contraception and fertility education by considering single, illiterate, and those who have four or more pregnancy history.
Abstract: There has been a significant reduction of abortion rates in high-income nations, while the rates remain unchanged in low-and middle-income countries. Post-abortion complications from induced abortion continued as the significant health burden of women in the reproductive age group in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess factors associated with indu...
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Women and the COVID-19 Pandemic: Consequences of Disrupted Access to Contraception in Nigeria
Omotade Adebimpe Ijarotimi,
Akaninyene Eseme Ubom,
Emeka Philip Igbodike,
Ernest Okechuwu Orji
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
231-236
Received:
19 November 2021
Accepted:
6 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted access to sexual and reproductive health services, including family planning, globally. This study sought to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to contraception amongst reproductive age women in Nigeria, and make recommendations that will improve access. A cross-sectional survey of sexually active, reproductive age women on modern methods of contraception was conducted in Nigeria. A structured questionnaire designed using the free software Google Forms® was utilised for the study. The questionnaire was electronically administered. The data obtained was analysed using SPSS version 24. Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institute of Public Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Osun State, Nigeria. One-fourth (73, 24.7%) of the respondents reported difficult access to contraception, citing fear of COVID-19 exposure at the health facility (21, 28.8%) as the most common reason for this difficulty. Forced abstinence from sexual intercourse (28, 38.4%) and unintended pregnancy (21, 28.8%) were the most common consequences of impeded contraceptive access. Women using short-acting methods were significantly more likely than those on long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) to report difficult access to contraception (35.1% vs. 14.6%, P=0.001). The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted access to contraception in Nigeria, affecting more women on short acting methods than those on LARC, with the potential of increasing unintended pregnancy and abortion rates.
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted access to sexual and reproductive health services, including family planning, globally. This study sought to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to contraception amongst reproductive age women in Nigeria, and make recommendations that will improve access. A cross-sectional survey of sexually acti...
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Cost Analysis of Vaginal Hysterectomy as Compared to Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy for Non-prolapse Uterus in a Tertiary Institution in South Africa
Andreas Chrysostomou,
Innocent Maposa
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
237-242
Received:
8 November 2021
Accepted:
27 November 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: Background: Many hysterectomies are now performed by laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) technique. To establish LAVH as a routine procedure remains controversial, partly because of concerns about the cost. We studied hospital charges and cost of LAVH as compared to vaginal hysterectomy (VH) for non-prolapse uterus in clinically similar groups of patients. Study design: This was a cross-sectional analytic study, covering a period of two years. This study was undertaken at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH), to determine the direct hospital costs between the two surgical techniques VH and LAVH respectively. Women admitted for hysterectomy for benign uterine conditions, were enrolled in the study. Criteria for inclusion were uterine size less than 12 weeks gestation, width ≤ 9 cm and length ≤ 14 cm on ultrasound examination. Clinical ovarian pathology and uterine prolapse were criteria for exclusion. Patients were recruited from the unit records and divided into two groups matched with respect to age, parity, and indications for hysterectomy. Vaginal hysterectomy was performed in 60 patients out of the 100 patients included in the study, and 40 patients underwent LAVH. Results: All cases were successfully performed with no need to convert to the abdominal route. The time required for LAVH was significantly longer as compared to VH: 64, 0 v 31,3 minutes respectively (p<0.001). The postoperative hospital stay days and opiate injections required were both not significantly different between the VH and LAVH groups. Longer operating time and, as well as the expenses of the equipment to perform LAVH, were the main sources of additional cost in LAVH. The average hospital charges were significantly higher in LAVH as compared to VH (p<0.001). Conclusion: Both techniques offer the same benefits of shorter hospital stay, less analgesia needed, rapid mobilisation, and early discharge. However, VH was found to be least costly, mainly due to significant less operative time. LAVH is significantly costlier, mainly due to expensive laparoscopic devices and afore-mentioned long operation time.
Abstract: Background: Many hysterectomies are now performed by laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) technique. To establish LAVH as a routine procedure remains controversial, partly because of concerns about the cost. We studied hospital charges and cost of LAVH as compared to vaginal hysterectomy (VH) for non-prolapse uterus in clinically simil...
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Important Factors of Successful Pregnancies and Deliveries After Abdominal Radical Trachelectomy for Early-stage Cervical Cancer; Single-institution Experience
Motoki Takenaka,
Tatsuro Furui,
Noriko Suzuki,
Ken-Ichirou Morishige
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 6, November 2021
Pages:
243-246
Received:
29 November 2021
Accepted:
14 December 2021
Published:
24 December 2021
Abstract: We assessed pregnancies and deliveries after abdominal radical trachelectomy (ART) based on reproductive outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed patients undergoing ART in our hospital from 2011 to 2020. Twenty-one patients (median age, 35 [range 27-40] years) with histologically diagnosed cervical cancer (squamous cell carcinoma [n=16], adenocarcinoma [n=4] and adenosquamous carcinoma [n=1]) underwent ART. Clinical stages (FIGO 2018) were IA1 (n=2), IA2 (n=5) and IB1 (n=14). Median follow-up period was 49 (1-108) months with no post-ART recurrence. Among 10 patients with post-ART planned pregnancies, 6 patients had pregnancies. Although all patients in the pregnancy group had pregnancies at the first fertility treatment, none of patients in the non-pregnancy group had pregnancies after several fertility treatment. Age, period after ART and the rate of bilateral uterine arteries preservation showed no significant difference between the pregnancy and non-pregnancy groups. Residual cervical length was about 10 mm in the pre-term delivery group and over 20 mm in the full-term delivery group. Age, fertility treatment and score of normal bacteria flora of the vagina showed no significant difference between pre-term delivery group and full-term delivery group. Bilateral uterine arteries preservation in the ART procedures were not associated with pregnancies after ART. Residual cervical length was associated with gestational age at delivery.
Abstract: We assessed pregnancies and deliveries after abdominal radical trachelectomy (ART) based on reproductive outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed patients undergoing ART in our hospital from 2011 to 2020. Twenty-one patients (median age, 35 [range 27-40] years) with histologically diagnosed cervical cancer (squamous cell carcinoma [n=16], adenocarcino...
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