-
Gastric Actinomycosis Case Report and Literature Review
Plamen Chernopolsky,
Rossen Madjov,
Vasil Bozhkov,
Ivan Krasnaliev,
Valentina Madjova
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
1-4
Received:
3 December 2020
Accepted:
11 January 2021
Published:
22 January 2021
Abstract: Actinomycosis is an indolent infection that usually presents a diagnostic challenge to the physician. The most commonly affected zones are the cervicofacial, thoracic and abdominal areas. Abdominal actinomycosis although recognized for more than 150 years, is still wide unknown for most of the clinicians. Its various clinical manifestations are usually considered to present malignant process rather than infection. Intramural gastric actinomycosis is extremely rare clinical noosologic unit and usually the original source of infection is unknown. The usual clinical presentations include mild fever, epi- or mesogastric pain, weight loss, and bleeding from upper gastrointestinal tract. This chronic infection has tends to mimic malignancy. Gastric actinomycosis is very rare and with a good prognosis gastric disease. When established clinically, that is quite difficult diagnosis to be done before obtaining a surgical specimen. Although the findings are nonspecific, actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis when CT scans show infiltrative mass with abnormal aggressiveness and dense enhancement of inhomogeneous contrast, especially in patients with leukocytosis, fever, or prolonged use of intrauterine contraceptives. We report a case of intramural gastric actinomycosis and review of cases of abdominal and gastric actinomycosis reported rarely in the literature. Reporting of such clinical case may help clinicians to increase the knowledge and awareness of this rare and treatable disease.
Abstract: Actinomycosis is an indolent infection that usually presents a diagnostic challenge to the physician. The most commonly affected zones are the cervicofacial, thoracic and abdominal areas. Abdominal actinomycosis although recognized for more than 150 years, is still wide unknown for most of the clinicians. Its various clinical manifestations are usu...
Show More
-
Epidemiology and Sensibility Profile of Some Enteric Bacteria Isolated from Stool Samples in Some Douala-Cameroon Hospitals
Raphael Tchientcheu,
Calixte Ida Penda,
Rebecca Madeleine Ebelle Etame,
Colette Grace Ngondi Dalle,
Raymond Simplice Mouokeu,
Rosalie Anne Ngono Ngane
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
5-17
Received:
21 December 2020
Accepted:
29 December 2020
Published:
22 January 2021
Abstract: Background: Gastroenteritis caused by bacteria are a serious public health issue. Antibiotic resistance is common. This work described the epidemiological and resistance profile of bacteria involved in gastrointestinal infection in Douala, Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2017 on stool samples. Bacterial species were diagnosed on the basis of morphological, biochemical and physiological tests. The resistance profile on fifteen routine antibiotics was investigated using the disks diffusion method. Results: Out of 250 stool samples examined, 206 were positive, 129 (62.62%) samples had only one bacterial species and 77 (37.38%) more than one species. 301 pathogenic bacteria were identified of which Escherichia coli represented more than one third (33.89%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.26%), Enterobacter aerogenes (11.96%), Salmonella sp (10.30%), Citrobacter freundii (9.97%), Yersinia enterocolitica (4.65%), Shigella flexneri (3.99%), Serratia marcescens (2.33%) and Proteus sp (0.66%). The antibiogram showed high resistance to Tetracycline, Amoxycillin, Amoxycillin + clavulanic acid, Doxycycline and Cotrimoxazol. Imipenem and Amikacin were the most active Conclusion: The present findings provide additional information for the control of gastrointestinal tract infections in Douala.
Abstract: Background: Gastroenteritis caused by bacteria are a serious public health issue. Antibiotic resistance is common. This work described the epidemiological and resistance profile of bacteria involved in gastrointestinal infection in Douala, Cameroon. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to December 2017 on stool samples. Bacteri...
Show More
-
Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment of Cytomegalovirus Gastrointestinal Infection in Immunocompetent Adults
Guo Lin Dai,
Chu Tian Wu,
Shao Hui Tang
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
18-25
Received:
4 January 2021
Accepted:
15 January 2021
Published:
22 January 2021
Abstract: Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a kind of human herpes virus, is highly prevalent globally. It was believed that CMV posed a considerable risk only in newborns and immunocompromised individuals in the past, but there are increasing reports that CMV caused adverse outcomes in immunocompetent adults. The gastrointestinal canal (especially colon) is one of the usual sites of cytomegalovirus infection. Moreover, severe CMV gastrointestinal disease can lead to considerable mortality. Male, age ≥55 years, immunomodulatory comorbidities (such as kidney failure, pregnancy, diabetes mellitus, or non-hematological malignancies without treatment) and the need for surgical intervention are factors that are not favorable to survival. When patients have unfavorable risk factors for survival or serious complications, antiviral treatment should be administered. Targeted antiviral therapy with intravenous ganciclovir or valganciclovir was suitable for severe CMV disease in immunocompetent adults before the advent of new and safer anti-herpesvirus drugs. Although there are many simple ways to detect the presence of CMV, most of them cannot distinguish between latent infection and active disease, which makes clinical decision-making difficult. CMV gastrointestinal disease has no specific clinical and endoscopic manifestations, and the diagnosis is to a large extent dependent on histopathology and tissue CMV polymerase chain reaction technology. Quantitative testing of tissue CMV DNA is a useful diagnostic tool, but further research is needed to explain the quantitative value, such as obtaining a viral load cutoff to decide whether to apply antiviral therapy.
Abstract: Cytomegalovirus (CMV), a kind of human herpes virus, is highly prevalent globally. It was believed that CMV posed a considerable risk only in newborns and immunocompromised individuals in the past, but there are increasing reports that CMV caused adverse outcomes in immunocompetent adults. The gastrointestinal canal (especially colon) is one of the...
Show More
-
Streaming from a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy Room: It Is Possible at Low Cost
Claudio Navarrete Garcia,
Lazaro Arango,
Eduardo Valdivieso,
Marcelo Ponce,
Cecilia Castillo,
Carlos Barrientos,
Priscilla Lopez,
Arturo Valle,
Ignacio Robles,
Jaquelina Gobelet,
Hugo Incopff,
Diego Marutate,
Jorge Isaguirre,
Jesus Rodriguez,
Alvaro Jalal,
Pablo Ortiz,
Wladimir Estrada,
Luis Villota,
Carlos Jaramillo,
Andres Sanchez,
Claudia Diaz,
Alberto Angel,
Fabian Puentes,
Mario Jaramillo,
Monica Londoño
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
26-32
Received:
1 April 2021
Accepted:
19 April 2021
Published:
8 May 2021
Abstract: Background and Aims: Before the covid-19 pandemic, medicine was practice and taught almost entirely face-to-face. The new normal, presented us with an opportunity to change the paradigm. Previously, live video transmission was only possible with the use of satellites, that were too expensive to be use regular bases. Now it is possible to broadcast live cases, from anywhere around de world, at a relative low cost. Methodology: This is a descriptive study to show the experience in transmissions of endoscopy live procedures from endoscopy rooms of different centers of Latin America ascribed to the Latin American Training Center (LAGE-TC) adapting virtual transmission technologies for a diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopy, to broadcast cases in real-time through the internet. Results: From April 2020 to July 31th, 2020 we have made transmissions every week, for each center, being Tuesdays designated for transmissions from Manizales in Colombia from the Unión de Cirujanos SAS (Dr Lázaro Arango M), Wednesdays from San Borja Arriaran, in Santiago de Chile (fellows training center of Latin America and from where the LAGE-TC is born) (Drs. Claudio Sergio Navarrete Garcia- Cecilia Castillo T, Carlos Barrientos- Ignacio Robles and Arturo Valle) and from San Juan in Argentina (Dr Marcelo Ponce), on Thursdays from Santa Fé Argentina (Dr. Hugo Imcof), and the Clínica del Norte in Barranquilla - Colombia (Drs. Jesús Rodríguez and Álvaro Jalal). Transmissions have also been made from other centers in Santiago de Chile, Mendoza (Dr Jorge Isaguirre) and Cordoba (Dra Jackelina Gobelet) in Argentina, and in Bucaramanga - Colombia (Dr Eduardo Valdivieso – Fundación Ildetecsa). 23 live broadcasts of cases from all the named cities in Latin America have been made, almost all from one center and being seen by the other centers already named as initial tests. One of the last meetings was held simultaneously between the Latin American Training Center in Santiago de Chile and the Hospital de San Juan in Argentina. The transmissions were done with good quality of video and sound, at a relative low cost. Conclusion: The study shows in detail different ways in which an endoscopy room can be adapted to perform live broadcasts with elements easy to get and at low cost, with good quality images. The adaptation of this technology will allow live transmission of medical classes, conferences with large audience, consultation form experts on line in other units, cities or countries, to improve medical knowledge and care.
Abstract: Background and Aims: Before the covid-19 pandemic, medicine was practice and taught almost entirely face-to-face. The new normal, presented us with an opportunity to change the paradigm. Previously, live video transmission was only possible with the use of satellites, that were too expensive to be use regular bases. Now it is possible to broadcast ...
Show More
-
Non-medicine Methods of Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
33-39
Received:
20 December 2020
Accepted:
30 April 2021
Published:
21 May 2021
Abstract: Few decades away a problem of throwing of acidic gastric content into an esophagus was reduced to the concept of reflux-esophagitis. In-depth study of pathogenesis of a disease resulted in “gastroesophageal reflux disease” (GERD) term which is acknowledged as leading disease of digestive system in terms of frequency and dangerous complications. GERD formation is determined by influence of numerous factors, however, it is generally accepted, that it is mainly related to insufficiency of lower esophageal sphincter (LES). Also, role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in regulation of functional state of LES is determined. In spite of success in field of pharmacology, number of GERD patients has no downward trend which mainstreams search for non-medicine treatment methods. Physical factors affecting pathological processes by influencing regulatory processes are among these methods. Goal of this study is elaboration, scientific justification and clinical implementation of natural and preformed physical factors and acupuncture in treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Materials and Investigation methods: Randomized placebo-controlled study included 137 patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease, 63 (46%) men and 74 (54%) women, at the age of 18 to 65. Investigation included patients with no contraindications for physiotherapy. Patients with Barrett’s esophagus, stricture of esophagus, esophagus ulcer have also been excluded from investigation. Patients were divided into 3 groups: Ist group – 40 GERD patients, including high-frequency electromagnetic field effect and general iodine bromine bathes. II nd group - 67 GERD patients passing acupuncture treatment course. Control group was comprised of 30 GERD patients, receiving placebo MEF therapy. Treatment was carried out without medicines. Therapeutic effectiveness of complex influence of microwave electromagnetic field therapy (MEF-therapy) applied to collar area alternated with general iodine-bromine bathes on clinical manifestations of GERD is determined. Treatment course contributed to reliable decrease of increased count of VIP – a neurotransmitter, regulating LES tonus. In term, it contributed to improve of functional state of LES, reliable decrease of reflux index, and, as a result, improvement of clinical and functional indicators. Estimation of clinical manifestations of a disease among patients of 2nd group displayed positive dynamics of clinical and functional indicators. Round-clock pH-monitoring of stomach and esophageal content shows reliable decreaseof transitory relaxations of LES during single acupuncture procedure and increase of pH of gastric content. Acupuncture course also resulted in decrease of elevated VIP numbers.
Abstract: Few decades away a problem of throwing of acidic gastric content into an esophagus was reduced to the concept of reflux-esophagitis. In-depth study of pathogenesis of a disease resulted in “gastroesophageal reflux disease” (GERD) term which is acknowledged as leading disease of digestive system in terms of frequency and dangerous complications. GER...
Show More
