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The Effect of Moisture Content on the Performance of Melkassa Multicrop Thresher in Some Cereal Crops
Dessye Belay,
Melkamu Fetene
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
1-10
Received:
29 December 2020
Accepted:
11 January 2021
Published:
9 March 2021
Abstract: Cereal grains are growing in greater quantities worldwide than the other crops and supply more food energy to the humankind however, harvesting and threshing operation of such crops are affected by moisture content. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of moisture content on the threshing performance. Evaluation was carried out by measuring the initial moisture content and then by adding water to the crops, the desired moisture content was achieved. The dimension of the grains was determined. Completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications was used to determine the effect of threshing efficiency, threshing capacity, fuel consumption, breakage of grain, germination rate, percentage of unthreshed grain and blower loss at 14%, 18%, and 22% moisture content for barley, wheat, and teff selected varieties. Statistical analysis was made by (SAS-8) software. The results indicated that, as the crop moisture content increase, the dimension of grain, sphericity of seed, angle of repose, thousand grain mass, fuel consumption, and coefficient of friction were also increased. Whereas, threshing capacity, and efficiency, cleaning efficiency, density, germination rate, and grain breakages were deceased. This study concluded that for low fuel consumption, low unthreshed grain and better threshing, the moisture content of the crops should be between 14% to 18%.
Abstract: Cereal grains are growing in greater quantities worldwide than the other crops and supply more food energy to the humankind however, harvesting and threshing operation of such crops are affected by moisture content. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of moisture content on the threshing performance. Evaluation wa...
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Characterization of Nutritional and Process Quality of Some Faba Bean Varieties and Advanced Lines Grown at Bale, South Eastern Oromia
Shure Soboka,
Tadele Tadesse,
Amanuel Tekalgn
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
11-16
Received:
30 October 2020
Accepted:
13 May 2021
Published:
4 June 2021
Abstract: Faba bean is said to be poor man’s meat as it is the most important protein source for most of world’s population. Field experiment was carried out at Sinana and sinja site if Goba districts of Bale highland to see the effect of faba bean genotypes and growing environment on some physico-chemical and nutritional qualities of faba bean genotypes. For this experiment, fifteen faba bean genotypes including released and promising lines were evaluated for their physico-chemical quality characterization. From the result it was seen that most quality characters measured have shown significant variation (p<0.05) due to faba bean genotypes. The nutrient contents of the grains of the test genotypes across two testing environments, crude protein vary from (22.43-24.34%), phosphorous (0.62-0.70%), sodium (405-262.31 ppm), potassium (1.77-1.40 gm/100gm), calcium (932.08-830.32 ppm) and hydration potential vary from (2.12 to 2.04%) which fall under high to sufficient nutrient content when compared to nutrient composition of plant material. Genotypes EH07006-51, EH070015-7, EH07006-1 and EH0773-8 have got better quality characters as compared to the released varieties Shallo, Mosisa and the local check. Genotype EH07006-1 is better in percent hydration, Na and K composition as compared to the other test genotypes. From the collected data it is possible to conclude that genotypes EH07006-1, EH07006-51, EH070015-7 and EH0773-8 are better to be selected for the variety verification.
Abstract: Faba bean is said to be poor man’s meat as it is the most important protein source for most of world’s population. Field experiment was carried out at Sinana and sinja site if Goba districts of Bale highland to see the effect of faba bean genotypes and growing environment on some physico-chemical and nutritional qualities of faba bean genotypes. Fo...
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White Mango Scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead (Hemiptera: Diaspididae): A Challenging Mango Productions in Ethiopia: A Review
Belay Abate,
Nagassa Dechassa
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
17-22
Received:
17 April 2021
Accepted:
11 June 2021
Published:
21 June 2021
Abstract: Mango considered as a major fresh fruit used in the world and produced in several tropical and sub-tropical countries. The production of the crop has increased at alarming rate in the producing areas to feed its demands increments. It is a major fruit widely grown in Ethiopia and placed on second rank in terms of area coverage. Its production in Ethiopia is very low as compared to other countries production and potential of the crop. Even though, many factors reported by farmers, affordability agricultural inputs mainly fertilizers, pesticides and pests are the major challenges for the production of the crop. Recently, white mango scale, Aulacaspis tubercularis is the major problem affecting mango production in Ethiopia. This pest was first reported in Loko, Guto Gidda district, east Wollega zone of the Oromia region on August, 2010. The infestation of pest has been speeded at an alarming rate and recorded from almost all mango producing areas of the country. Its population dynamics is increased from October to March and reached the highest peak on April in Didesa and Green focus sites. While, at Bako areas, the population of the pest increased from October to April and reached the highest on May. Pruning supported with insecticides decreased the infestation of the pest. But natural enemies showed promised results in South Africa; as a result in Ethiopia it is on the process to introduce these bio-agents. Integrated approaches of biological control agents, cultural practices and insecticide for the sustainable and eco-friendly management option needs further study.
Abstract: Mango considered as a major fresh fruit used in the world and produced in several tropical and sub-tropical countries. The production of the crop has increased at alarming rate in the producing areas to feed its demands increments. It is a major fruit widely grown in Ethiopia and placed on second rank in terms of area coverage. Its production in Et...
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Xanthomonas albilineans (Ashby) Dowson: Study of Its Genetic Variability in Sugarcane Samples in Cuba
Yosel Perez Perez,
Jose Ramon Perez Milian,
Maria La O Hechevarria,
Yaquelin Puchades Izaguirre,
Yenima Pellon Guzman
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 1, June 2021
Pages:
23-27
Received:
22 October 2020
Accepted:
7 November 2020
Published:
25 June 2021
Abstract: Four isolates of the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) from samples taken in commercial fields of different Cuban provinces and two from the cultivar L55-5, artificially infected in the Camagüey and Matanzas Experimental Stations, were used for the extraction of total nucleic acids according to the CTAB protocol. They were amplified by PCR using four primer combinations: A: P1-M1, B: P1-M2, C: P2-M1 and D: P2-M2. Direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed on all samples and the nucleotide sequences were used to generate partial consensus of 16-23S rRNA, which were analyzed with the BLASTn program. In all the isolates evaluated, the presence of a common band at the height of 620 bp was visualized and the AFLP profile showed that there is homology when comparing the sequences corresponding to the 16-23S rDNA of X. albilineans of the different isolates; the phylogenetic analysis reflected a grouping of the isolates of the species, regardless of its geographical origin, different from others of the genus Xanthomonas. The comparison of the Cuban isolates with eight strains published in GenBank, showed marked similarity with them, with 100% nucleotide identity and percentage of coverage with a genome fragment of the GPE PC73 strain from Guadalupe, KO905 from the United States and a strain from Brazil. The predominance of the generalized circulation in Cuba of a single serovar is presumed.
Abstract: Four isolates of the phytopathogenic bacterium Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) from samples taken in commercial fields of different Cuban provinces and two from the cultivar L55-5, artificially infected in the Camagüey and Matanzas Experimental Stations, were used for the extraction of total nucleic acids according to the CTAB protocol. They were ampl...
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