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A Framework to Develop and Improve Construction and Demolition Waste Management Through the Collaborative Action of Organizations, Governments, and Academia
Nam Il Kim,
Kyong Chol Kim
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
26-39
Received:
7 April 2023
Accepted:
15 May 2023
Published:
25 May 2023
Abstract: It is estimated that by 2050, global construction and demolition waste will almost double by 2025, and its total amount will grow to 3.4 billion tons. Effective construction and demolition waste management can bring environmental benefits and socio-economic advantages to relevant stakeholders and construction projects. This study proposes a framework for developing and improving CDWM in the Triple Helix sectors: governments, organizations, and academia. The framework is based on the published research methods-Triple Helix core framework research technique for promoting WM. The perspectives and challenges of CDWM, the technical-scientific scenario, the framework, and the writers' thoughts were all taken into account. 22 action plans to triple Helix sectors are proposed in this study, which uses the approach of literature review and content analysis to examine articles in the Scopus database and patents in the Orbit database. China, the US, and Australia are the nations under study. The main objective of this project is to add experience elements from both public and private organizations to the CDWM literature in order to develop a new knowledge block with realistic qualities. This study's main practical contribution is a set of principles for Triple Helix departments to follow as they develop and improve CDWM products and technologies for both private and public usage.
Abstract: It is estimated that by 2050, global construction and demolition waste will almost double by 2025, and its total amount will grow to 3.4 billion tons. Effective construction and demolition waste management can bring environmental benefits and socio-economic advantages to relevant stakeholders and construction projects. This study proposes a framewo...
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The Potentials of Reaction Parameters on Rhynchophorus Phoenicis Nano-Catalysts Based Biodiesel Production from Waste Material Feedstocks
Owhonda Juliet Nkeiru,
Charles Ikenna Osu,
Gordian Obute
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
40-44
Received:
17 May 2023
Accepted:
5 June 2023
Published:
15 June 2023
Abstract: Heterogeneous catalysts are known to improve the trans-esterification Process in biodiesel production by eliminating the extra processing costs involved in homogeneous catalysis, as well as reducing the generation of pollutants. Heterogeneous catalysts promote easy recovery, reusability and a cost-effective green process. These catalysts tolerate high FFA and moisture content. In this research the trans-esterification process was used to produce biodiesel from Carica papaya (pawpaw) and Citrullus lanatus (water melon) seed oil. To improve biodiesel performance, an alumina-chitosan nanocomposite a heterogeneous catalyst synthesized from hard shell of Rhynchophorus phoenicis using standard methods was compare to biodiesel production using a homogeneous catalyst potassium hydroxide (KOH). Reaction parameters (reaction temperature and reaction time) were used for optimization of biodiesel production. The average values obtained for effect of time ranged from 42.30±0.20-63.10±1.30%, 49.30±1.50-64.70±1.00%, 71.40±0.70-79.80±0.20%, 80.46±0.20-97.10±0.30%, 81.20±1.20-86.10±1.60% and 79.39±0.40-83.90±0.50% for 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes, 150 minutes and 180 minutes respectively. Variation of temperature for the production of biodiesel from Carica papaya and Citrullus lanatus seed oil with KOH and Nanocomposite catalyst range from 63.09±0.60-95.20±1.55, 49.10±0.45-79.30±0.75, 66.00±1.00-97.10±0.45 and 59.20±0.95-83.40±0.85% for 40, 45, 50, 60, 80 and 90°C respectively. The optimum conditions for the trans=esterification process were 80°C reaction temperature, and 120 minutes reaction time.
Abstract: Heterogeneous catalysts are known to improve the trans-esterification Process in biodiesel production by eliminating the extra processing costs involved in homogeneous catalysis, as well as reducing the generation of pollutants. Heterogeneous catalysts promote easy recovery, reusability and a cost-effective green process. These catalysts tolerate h...
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A Comparative Study of the Use of Alligator Pepper Pods and Mango Peels Extracts as Corrosion Inhibitor on Carbon Steel in Acidic Medium
Azike Rowland Ugochukwu,
Azuokwu Augustine Azubike,
Odisu Teddy,
Nikoro Oghenetejiri
Issue:
Volume 8, Issue 2, June 2023
Pages:
45-52
Received:
11 June 2023
Accepted:
30 June 2023
Published:
11 July 2023
Abstract: Carbon steel enjoys wide usage across many industries and sectors due to the wide range of its mechanical characteristics and costs. However, carbon steels are highly prone to corrosion. Corrosion is an undesirable process with devastating consequences. While there are several methods of preventing corrosion, corrosion control using extracts of plant seeds, fruits, flowers, leaves, barks and roots has been attracting attentions due to environmental, cost and sustainability concerns. However, some of these plant materials particularly the seeds and fruits have great economic values due to nutritional, medical and socio-cultural usefulness. Hence the need to use extracts from their wastes (peels and pods). In this study the use alligator pepper pods and mango peels extracts as anti-corrosion agents on carbon steel in acidic environment were analysed and compared. Results showed that the alligator pepper pod and mango peel extracts contained phytochemicals capable of inhibiting corrosion. The mango peels contained higher contents of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and terperniods compared to alligator pepper pod extracts. The glycosides, phenols and tannins contents of alligator pepper pod extracts were slightly higher than those in mango peels extracts. Results of the corrosion tests showed that carbon steel is prone to corrosion in acidic medium. Further outcome of the study also showed that both extracts are efficient in inhibiting carbon steel corrosion in HCl solution. The corrosion prevention efficiency of alligator pepper pods and mango peels extracts are comparable, but that of mango peels is slightly better. Results of this study showed that corrosion inhibition efficiency of the extracts decreases with time but increases with concentration.
Abstract: Carbon steel enjoys wide usage across many industries and sectors due to the wide range of its mechanical characteristics and costs. However, carbon steels are highly prone to corrosion. Corrosion is an undesirable process with devastating consequences. While there are several methods of preventing corrosion, corrosion control using extracts of pla...
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