Abstract: The low reflection coefficient and weak reflection energy of the main target layer often encountered in the seismic exploration of complex areas lead to the low S/N ratio and poor imaging effect of data. In the past, such problems were generally solved by increasing the number of folds, which had the shortcoming of high costs and poor benefits. Wide-aperture reflection, characterized by strong energy and high S/N ratio, is an effective method to effectively increase the energy and S/N ratio from weak reflection layers and improve the economic and exploration result of seismic acquisition without changing the number of folds; however, it has not been applied universally due to the NMO stretch, muting and phase conversion problems existing in the wide-aperture reflection seismic data. In this paper, through the wide-aperture reflection theory research and forward modeling, the characteristic rule of wide-aperture reflection is analyzed, the NMO stretch, the first break muting and the wavelet consistency between wide-aperture reflection and non-wide-aperture reflection zones are dissected, a weak reflection layer based wide-aperture reflection geometry design method is proposed, several methods, such as the terrain partitioning based space-variant muting, the wide-aperture reflection zone velocity analysis as well as the high-order NMO and the dominant offset array stacking methods are studied; and they have achieved good effects after being applied in SLK area.Abstract: The low reflection coefficient and weak reflection energy of the main target layer often encountered in the seismic exploration of complex areas lead to the low S/N ratio and poor imaging effect of data. In the past, such problems were generally solved by increasing the number of folds, which had the shortcoming of high costs and poor benefits. Wid...Show More