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Effect of Refluxing Time and Kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Removal in Aqueous Solutions by Carbons Produced from Nipa Palm Fronds

Received: 6 February 2024     Accepted: 22 February 2024     Published: 7 March 2024
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Abstract

The refluxing time is a significant consideration in synthetic study, because it could reflect the kinetics of the reaction process. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs) are man-made carbon-based compounds that are not likely to evaporate into the atmosphere and hence they could get into aquatic water bodies through terrestrial runoff or discharge from factories. Therefore, this paper investigated the effect of refluxing time and kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs) removal in aqueous solutions by carbonized and surface-modified carbons made from Nipa Palm (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) fronds using chemical oxygen demand (COD) as the measurement parameter. The data showed a rapid reduction of the COD of the SOCs contaminated solutions from 30.19 to 93.46% for PCC, 27.44 to 65.58% for AAC, 41.84 to 98.22% for BAC and 56.71 to 95.16% for CAC between 10 to 60 mins. Optimum reduction was achieved within 20 min of heating the solutions at 150°C. The rapid COD reduction observed for n-propanol indicates that COD is a rapid, inexpensive means of determining organics in water. Kinetic assessment of the results showed that, pseudo-first order kinetic equation did not provide a very good description of COD reduction of the SOCs in aqueous solution by the Nipa palm derived carbons. However, Nipa palm had been adjudged as a beneficial, eco-friendly and locally available source for the development of activated carbon for elimination of organic pollutants in domestic and industrial wastewaters.

Published in American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12
Page(s) 14-22
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Kinetics of Adsorption, Nipa Palm, Carbonized Carbon, Wastewater

References
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[2] Adowei, P. (2024) a. Fixed-Bed Column Adsorption Studies of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Using Carbonized and Surface-Modified Carbons from Nipa Palm Leaves. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11
[3] Adowei, P. (2024) b. Adsorptive Removal of Synthetic Organic Compounds in Aqueous Solutions by Fresh Nipa Palm Fronds. Science Frontiers, 5(1), 13-23. https://doi.org/10.11648/sf.20240501.13
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[7] Abia, A. A.; Horsfall, M. Jr. and Didi, O. (2003). The use of chemically modified and unmodified cassava waste for the removal of Cd, Cu and Zn ions from aqueous solution. Bioresource Technology, 90, (3) 345-348.
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  • APA Style

    Adowei, P. (2024). Effect of Refluxing Time and Kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Removal in Aqueous Solutions by Carbons Produced from Nipa Palm Fronds. American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry, 8(1), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12

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    ACS Style

    Adowei, P. Effect of Refluxing Time and Kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Removal in Aqueous Solutions by Carbons Produced from Nipa Palm Fronds. Am. J. Appl. Ind. Chem. 2024, 8(1), 14-22. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12

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    AMA Style

    Adowei P. Effect of Refluxing Time and Kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Removal in Aqueous Solutions by Carbons Produced from Nipa Palm Fronds. Am J Appl Ind Chem. 2024;8(1):14-22. doi: 10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12,
      author = {Pereware Adowei},
      title = {Effect of Refluxing Time and Kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Removal in Aqueous Solutions by Carbons Produced from Nipa Palm Fronds},
      journal = {American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {14-22},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajaic.20240801.12},
      abstract = {The refluxing time is a significant consideration in synthetic study, because it could reflect the kinetics of the reaction process. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs) are man-made carbon-based compounds that are not likely to evaporate into the atmosphere and hence they could get into aquatic water bodies through terrestrial runoff or discharge from factories. Therefore, this paper investigated the effect of refluxing time and kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs) removal in aqueous solutions by carbonized and surface-modified carbons made from Nipa Palm (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) fronds using chemical oxygen demand (COD) as the measurement parameter. The data showed a rapid reduction of the COD of the SOCs contaminated solutions from 30.19 to 93.46% for PCC, 27.44 to 65.58% for AAC, 41.84 to 98.22% for BAC and 56.71 to 95.16% for CAC between 10 to 60 mins. Optimum reduction was achieved within 20 min of heating the solutions at 150°C. The rapid COD reduction observed for n-propanol indicates that COD is a rapid, inexpensive means of determining organics in water. Kinetic assessment of the results showed that, pseudo-first order kinetic equation did not provide a very good description of COD reduction of the SOCs in aqueous solution by the Nipa palm derived carbons. However, Nipa palm had been adjudged as a beneficial, eco-friendly and locally available source for the development of activated carbon for elimination of organic pollutants in domestic and industrial wastewaters.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Effect of Refluxing Time and Kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Removal in Aqueous Solutions by Carbons Produced from Nipa Palm Fronds
    AU  - Pereware Adowei
    Y1  - 2024/03/07
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12
    T2  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
    JF  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
    JO  - American Journal of Applied and Industrial Chemistry
    SP  - 14
    EP  - 22
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2994-7294
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajaic.20240801.12
    AB  - The refluxing time is a significant consideration in synthetic study, because it could reflect the kinetics of the reaction process. Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs) are man-made carbon-based compounds that are not likely to evaporate into the atmosphere and hence they could get into aquatic water bodies through terrestrial runoff or discharge from factories. Therefore, this paper investigated the effect of refluxing time and kinetics of Synthetic Organic Chemicals (SOCs) removal in aqueous solutions by carbonized and surface-modified carbons made from Nipa Palm (Nypa Fruticans Wurmb) fronds using chemical oxygen demand (COD) as the measurement parameter. The data showed a rapid reduction of the COD of the SOCs contaminated solutions from 30.19 to 93.46% for PCC, 27.44 to 65.58% for AAC, 41.84 to 98.22% for BAC and 56.71 to 95.16% for CAC between 10 to 60 mins. Optimum reduction was achieved within 20 min of heating the solutions at 150°C. The rapid COD reduction observed for n-propanol indicates that COD is a rapid, inexpensive means of determining organics in water. Kinetic assessment of the results showed that, pseudo-first order kinetic equation did not provide a very good description of COD reduction of the SOCs in aqueous solution by the Nipa palm derived carbons. However, Nipa palm had been adjudged as a beneficial, eco-friendly and locally available source for the development of activated carbon for elimination of organic pollutants in domestic and industrial wastewaters.
    
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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