Water pollution can lead to alterations in its physicochemical and microbiological quality (presence of microorganisms). These microorganisms can cause numerous waterborne diseases in humans, hence the need for biological water treatment. Effective water disinfection should indeed take into account biotic and abiotic factors that influence the target microbial species and the disinfection process itself. This study therefore aims to investigate the influence of several abiotic factors on the disinfectant activity of sodium percarbonate in an aquatic microcosm. The study focused on the bacterium Enterococcus faecalis because it exhibits antibiotic resistance and is commonly used as an indicator of fecal contamination to assess the hygienic quality of environmental samples. It was isolated using standard techniques from surface waters (Olézoa stream) in the city of Yaounde-Cameroon, using Bile-Esculin-Azide (BEA) agar. The disinfectant used in this study was sodium percarbonate. It was chosen due to its widespread use. Furthermore, it is an environmentally friendly alternative to bleach because it is safe for humans and the environment and also combats bacteria and molds. The biodegradable organic matter used to vary the trophic level of the medium was glucose (C6H12O6). This was chosen because it is an important nutrient for bacterial metabolism. The chemicals abiotic water parameters considered (pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen) were measured using a HANNA pH meter and a HANNA multimeter, respectively. The bacteriological analyses focused on quantitative aspects, and the results were expressed as Colony Forming Units per unit volume of water sample (CFU/21 mL), then converted to CFU/100 mL. The effect of the disinfectant on the microorganism and on some physicochemical parameters was evaluated in the presence and absence of biodegradable organic matter. The incubation periods considered were 2h, 4h and 6h. In the presence of organic matter and disinfectant, Enterococcus faecalis densities decreased as incubation time increased. The rates of decline in bacterial density varied depending of the incubation temperature and the concentration of organic matter. Biodegradable organic matter and incubation temperature do not appear to influence disinfection by sodium percarbonate. However, increasing the contact time between bacterial cells and disinfectant in the majority of experimental conditions increases the effectiveness of the disinfectant by decreasing the abundance of cultivable cells. Sodium percarbonate increases the pH and dissolved oxygen levels of the water.
| Published in | International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology (Volume 11, Issue 2) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15 |
| Page(s) | 85-95 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2026. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Water, Sodium Percarbonate, Incubation Times, Temperatures, Biodegradable Organic Matter, Enterococcus faecalis
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APA Style
Rabiou, M. S. A. I., Ebiane, N. M., Pulcherie, T. K. B., Yves, P. Y., Marlyse, M. L., et al. (2026). Evaluation of the Desinfectant Activity of Sodium Percarbonate Against Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria in Aquatic Microcosm and Role of Some Abiotic Variables. International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 11(2), 85-95. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15
ACS Style
Rabiou, M. S. A. I.; Ebiane, N. M.; Pulcherie, T. K. B.; Yves, P. Y.; Marlyse, M. L., et al. Evaluation of the Desinfectant Activity of Sodium Percarbonate Against Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria in Aquatic Microcosm and Role of Some Abiotic Variables. Int. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2026, 11(2), 85-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15
AMA Style
Rabiou MSAI, Ebiane NM, Pulcherie TKB, Yves PY, Marlyse ML, et al. Evaluation of the Desinfectant Activity of Sodium Percarbonate Against Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria in Aquatic Microcosm and Role of Some Abiotic Variables. Int J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2026;11(2):85-95. doi: 10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15,
author = {Mouhama Sani Adams Ibn Rabiou and Nougang Mireille Ebiane and Tamatcho Kweyang Blandine Pulcherie and Poutoum Yogne Yves and Moungang Luciane Marlyse and Nola Moïse},
title = {Evaluation of the Desinfectant Activity of Sodium Percarbonate Against Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria in Aquatic Microcosm and Role of Some Abiotic Variables},
journal = {International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology},
volume = {11},
number = {2},
pages = {85-95},
doi = {10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijmb.20261102.15},
abstract = {Water pollution can lead to alterations in its physicochemical and microbiological quality (presence of microorganisms). These microorganisms can cause numerous waterborne diseases in humans, hence the need for biological water treatment. Effective water disinfection should indeed take into account biotic and abiotic factors that influence the target microbial species and the disinfection process itself. This study therefore aims to investigate the influence of several abiotic factors on the disinfectant activity of sodium percarbonate in an aquatic microcosm. The study focused on the bacterium Enterococcus faecalis because it exhibits antibiotic resistance and is commonly used as an indicator of fecal contamination to assess the hygienic quality of environmental samples. It was isolated using standard techniques from surface waters (Olézoa stream) in the city of Yaounde-Cameroon, using Bile-Esculin-Azide (BEA) agar. The disinfectant used in this study was sodium percarbonate. It was chosen due to its widespread use. Furthermore, it is an environmentally friendly alternative to bleach because it is safe for humans and the environment and also combats bacteria and molds. The biodegradable organic matter used to vary the trophic level of the medium was glucose (C6H12O6). This was chosen because it is an important nutrient for bacterial metabolism. The chemicals abiotic water parameters considered (pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen) were measured using a HANNA pH meter and a HANNA multimeter, respectively. The bacteriological analyses focused on quantitative aspects, and the results were expressed as Colony Forming Units per unit volume of water sample (CFU/21 mL), then converted to CFU/100 mL. The effect of the disinfectant on the microorganism and on some physicochemical parameters was evaluated in the presence and absence of biodegradable organic matter. The incubation periods considered were 2h, 4h and 6h. In the presence of organic matter and disinfectant, Enterococcus faecalis densities decreased as incubation time increased. The rates of decline in bacterial density varied depending of the incubation temperature and the concentration of organic matter. Biodegradable organic matter and incubation temperature do not appear to influence disinfection by sodium percarbonate. However, increasing the contact time between bacterial cells and disinfectant in the majority of experimental conditions increases the effectiveness of the disinfectant by decreasing the abundance of cultivable cells. Sodium percarbonate increases the pH and dissolved oxygen levels of the water.},
year = {2026}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the Desinfectant Activity of Sodium Percarbonate Against Enterococcus faecalis Bacteria in Aquatic Microcosm and Role of Some Abiotic Variables AU - Mouhama Sani Adams Ibn Rabiou AU - Nougang Mireille Ebiane AU - Tamatcho Kweyang Blandine Pulcherie AU - Poutoum Yogne Yves AU - Moungang Luciane Marlyse AU - Nola Moïse Y1 - 2026/06/30 PY - 2026 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15 DO - 10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15 T2 - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology JF - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology JO - International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology SP - 85 EP - 95 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2578-9686 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijmb.20261102.15 AB - Water pollution can lead to alterations in its physicochemical and microbiological quality (presence of microorganisms). These microorganisms can cause numerous waterborne diseases in humans, hence the need for biological water treatment. Effective water disinfection should indeed take into account biotic and abiotic factors that influence the target microbial species and the disinfection process itself. This study therefore aims to investigate the influence of several abiotic factors on the disinfectant activity of sodium percarbonate in an aquatic microcosm. The study focused on the bacterium Enterococcus faecalis because it exhibits antibiotic resistance and is commonly used as an indicator of fecal contamination to assess the hygienic quality of environmental samples. It was isolated using standard techniques from surface waters (Olézoa stream) in the city of Yaounde-Cameroon, using Bile-Esculin-Azide (BEA) agar. The disinfectant used in this study was sodium percarbonate. It was chosen due to its widespread use. Furthermore, it is an environmentally friendly alternative to bleach because it is safe for humans and the environment and also combats bacteria and molds. The biodegradable organic matter used to vary the trophic level of the medium was glucose (C6H12O6). This was chosen because it is an important nutrient for bacterial metabolism. The chemicals abiotic water parameters considered (pH, electrical conductivity, and dissolved oxygen) were measured using a HANNA pH meter and a HANNA multimeter, respectively. The bacteriological analyses focused on quantitative aspects, and the results were expressed as Colony Forming Units per unit volume of water sample (CFU/21 mL), then converted to CFU/100 mL. The effect of the disinfectant on the microorganism and on some physicochemical parameters was evaluated in the presence and absence of biodegradable organic matter. The incubation periods considered were 2h, 4h and 6h. In the presence of organic matter and disinfectant, Enterococcus faecalis densities decreased as incubation time increased. The rates of decline in bacterial density varied depending of the incubation temperature and the concentration of organic matter. Biodegradable organic matter and incubation temperature do not appear to influence disinfection by sodium percarbonate. However, increasing the contact time between bacterial cells and disinfectant in the majority of experimental conditions increases the effectiveness of the disinfectant by decreasing the abundance of cultivable cells. Sodium percarbonate increases the pH and dissolved oxygen levels of the water. VL - 11 IS - 2 ER -
Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde, Cameroon
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