Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults

Fan Renjia; Pan Feng; Yao Yanqiu; Yin Tingting; Yang Yuhong; He Liangliang; Wang Yuanyuan; Wang Li

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16

Research Article |

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Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults

Fan Renjia, Pan Feng, Yao Yanqiu, Yin Tingting, Yang Yuhong, He Liangliang, Wang Yuanyuan, Wang Li^*

Published in Science Research (Volume 14, Issue 6)

Received: 29 September 2026 Accepted: 22 October 2026 Published: 10 November 2026

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Abstract

Objective: To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status(SES) and Oral health self-efficacy in older adults, and to provide a basis for targeted improvement of oral health behaviors among the elderly. Methods: Survey was conducted from December 2024 to August 2025 on 643 people aged 65 and above at a tertiary-level A dental hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province. the Geriatric Self-Efficacy Scale for Oral Health (GSEOH) was used to assess the current status of self-efficacy. SES grades are classified based on income level, educational level and occupation. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between SES and GSEOH in older adults. Results: The GSEOH score of 643 elderly individuals was (55.91 ± 8.48) points. The GSEOH scores of the low, medium and high SES groups showed a gradient increasing trend, which were (50.35 ± 7.89) points, (55.92 ± 8.33) points and (61.45 ± 9.21) points respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for confounding factors, SES was a significant predictor of GSEOH (F = 36.218, P < 0.001), which could explain 47.4% of its total variation (adjusted R² = 0.474). Compared with the low SES group, the GSEOH scores of the medium SES group (t = 2.241, P = 0.001) and the high SES group (t = 3.072, P < 0.001) were higher, and the partial regression coefficients of the independent variables in the two groups were 0.115 and 0.203. Conclusions: The SES of the older adults is significantly positively correlated with their oral health self-efficacy, the higher the SES level, the stronger the oral health self-efficacy. It is suggested that socioeconomic factors are important social determinants influencing the oral health beliefs and behavioral confidence of the older adults. Oral health promotion strategies should be formulated for the elderly population with low SES, by enhancing self-efficacy and strengthening their oral health management capabilities, thereby improving behavior levels and health outcomes.

Published in	Science Research (Volume 14, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16
Page(s)	432-438
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2026. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Older Adults, Socioeconomic Status, Oral Health; Self-efficiency

1．引言

随着全球老年人口持续增长，人口老龄化已成为各国面临的重大社会挑战

[1]

。中国第七次全国人口普查数据显示，65岁及以上人口占比已达13.50%

[2]

，远超联合国老龄化社会标准，表明我国已进入深度老龄化阶段

[3]

。在此背景下，老年人口健康问题日益凸显，口腔健康作为反映整体健康状况和生活质量的重要维度，尤其应引起重视。第四届全国口腔卫生流行病学调查显示：我国65-74岁老年人群恒牙患龋率达98.0%，仅约1/12的人拥有健康的牙周状态

[4]

。牙体及牙周疾病若未获干预，将导致牙龈问题、牙齿松动甚至脱落，严重影响咀嚼功能与整体健康

[5]

。因此，维护良好的口腔健康已成为提升老年人生活质量的重要因素

[6]

。口腔保健自我效能（oral health self-efficacy）是指个体对自身执行口腔保健行为并达成口腔健康目标的信心

[7]

，个体在口腔健康方面的自我效能感越强，其口腔健康相关的生活质量也相应越高

[8]

。

社会经济地位（socioeconomic status，SES）作为一个综合指标，通常从收入、教育水平和职业地位等方面衡量个体或群体在社会中的相对位置

[9]

。SES可通过多种途径在不同生命周期阶段影响健康，其效应随年龄增长逐渐累积，并于老年时期尤为显著

[10]

，经过长期累积效应，其对健康的影响可能在老年期集中体现出来

[11]

。已有研究证实SES与成年人口腔疾病发病率相关

[12]

，而关于SES与口腔健康的研究多集中于疾病结局本身，针对其与口腔健康自我效能这一前瞻性、行为动机因素之间关系的研究仍较为缺乏。

2．对象与方法

2.1．研究对象

研究对象来源于2024年12月-2025年8月于湖北省武汉市武汉大学口腔医院就诊或陪诊的643名老年人。纳入标准：（1）年龄≥65岁；（2）对本次调查内容和用途知情且自愿参与研究；（3）签署知情同意书。排除标准：（1）罹患严重疾病，不能配合本次调查的患者；（2）严重听力视力受损，无法沟通交流者；（3）拒绝调查者。本研究经武汉大学口腔医学院伦理委员会审核通过，所有研究对象均知情同意。

2.2．研究方法

2.2.1．基本情况调查

由调查小组设计老年人基本情况调查表，包括人口学特征（性别、年龄、居住地、婚姻状况等）、疾病史（高血压、糖尿病、拔牙史、牙齿数目、所患口腔疾病等）、个人生活习惯（吸烟、饮酒、喝茶、体育锻炼情况等）。

2.2.2．社会经济地位调查

社会经济地位指标通过面对面访谈收集，包括研究对象的受教育程度、退休之前职业性质、家庭人均月收入三部分，参考Paradela等

[13]

、李燕等

[14]

综合评估SES方法，将研究对象的受教育程度（0=小学及以下，1=中学及以上）、职业性质（0=体力劳动为主，1=脑力劳动为主）、家庭人均月收入（0=3000元以下，1=3000元及以上）作为SES的综合指标进行评分，并使用三分位数法将研究对象的SES分为低、中、高三组。

2.2.3．口腔保健自我效能调查

老年人口腔保健自我效能调查采用中文版老年人口腔健康相关自我效能量表（the Geriatric Self-Efficacy Scale for Oral Health，GSEOH）

[15]

，该量表共20个条目。采用Likert4级评分法：1分为完全没有自信，4分为非常有自信，总分20-80分，得分越高，自我效能水平越高。口腔保健自我效能包括口腔卫生习惯、口腔功能及口腔就诊习惯三个维度。

2.2.4．控制变量的定义

吸烟：最近半年内吸烟≥1支/天。饮酒：男性每周饮酒14杯，每日酒精摄入量不少于25g，女性每周饮酒7杯，每日酒精摄入量不少于15g，饮酒时间1年以上。喝茶：每周喝茶频率大于5次。体育锻炼：每周进行体育活动次数不少于3次，每次大于30分钟。高血压：医疗机构诊断为高血压。糖尿病：空腹血糖≥7.0mmoL/L，使用胰岛素或降糖药物。

2.3．统计学方法

统计分析使用SPSS26.0进行。平均值±标准差（x ± s）表示连续变量，频数和百分比[n（%）]表示分类变量，独立样本t检验或卡方检验比较组间差异，秩和检验表示等级资料。采用多重线性回归分析不同SES组别与GSEOH的关联性。所有统计检验均为双侧检验，P< 0.05时差异具有统计学意义。

3．结果

3.1．研究对象基本情况

643名老年人平均年龄为（69.74±5.45）岁。其中男性301人（46.81%），女性人342（53.19%）；城市435人（67.65%），农村208人（32.35%）；有配偶503人（78.23%），无配偶140人（21.77%）；学历小学及以下者219人（34.06%），中学及以上者424人（65.94%）；体力劳动为主者392人（60.94%），脑力劳动为主者251人（39.06%）；月收入在3000元以上者354人（55.05%），3000元以下者289人（44.95%）。

3.2．不同SES组老年人基本特征比较

643名老年人中，低SES组191人（29.70%），中SES组257人（39.97%），高SES组195人（30.33%），比较三组人群基本特征：SES的分布与性别、居住地、年龄、婚姻状况、糖尿病、拔牙史、患口腔疾病、吸烟、喝茶、体育锻炼指标上均存在统计学差异（P<0.05）。详见表1。

表1 不同SES组老年人基本特征比较。

变量	低SES（n=191）	中SES（n=257）	高SES（n=195）	Χ²值	P值
性别				53.774	< 0.001
男	78（40.84）	120（46.69）	103（52.82）
女	113（59.16）	137（53.31）	92（47.18）
居住地				763.105	< 0.001
城市	45（23.56）	206（80.16）	184（94.36）
农村	146（76.44）	51（19.84）	11（5.64）
年龄（岁）	70.03 ± 5.32	69.25 ± 5.35	71.31 ± 5.76	94.527	< 0.001
婚姻状况				513.614	< 0.001
有配偶	118（61.78）	197（76.65）	188（96.41）
无配偶	73（38.22）	60（23.35）	7（3.59）
高血压				1.268	0.447
是	116（60.73）	157（61.09）	125（64.10）
否	75（39.27）	100（38.91）	70（35.90）
糖尿病				36.514	< 0.001
是	27（14.14）	46（19.07）	41（21.03）
否	164（85.86）	211（80.93）	154（78.97）
拔牙史				9.646	0.018
是	137（71.73）	182（70.82）	137（70.26）
否	54（28.27）	75（29.18）	58（11.28）
患口腔疾病				16.556	0.001
是	180（94.24）	239（92.99）	173（88.72）
否	11（5.76）	18（7.01）	22（11.28）
吸烟				9.958	0.008
是	58（30.37）	79（30.74）	47（24.10）
否	133（69.63）	178（69.26）	148（75.90）
喝茶				7.651	0.035
是	38（19.90）	46（17.90）	41（21.03）
否	153（80.10）	241（82.10）	154（78.97）
体育锻炼				327.694	< 0.001
是	115（60.21）	218（84.82）	176（90.26）
否	76（39.79）	39（15.18）	19（9.74）

3.3．不同SES组老年人GSEOH现状

本研究显示，老年人GSEOH得分为（55.91 ± 8.48）分。其中，低、中、高SES组GSEOH各维度得分和总得分均依次升高，总得分分别为（50.35 ± 7.89）分、（55.92 ± 8.33）分和（61.45 ± 9.21）分。说明老年人SES与GSEOH得分之间具有统计学差异（均P < 0.05）。见表2。

表2 不同SES组老年人GSEOH现状。

变量

SES

口腔功能

口腔卫生习惯

口腔就诊习惯

量表总得分

r值

P值

低

22.80 ± 3.89

19.67 ± 4.25

7.88 ± 2.21

50.35 ± 7.89

0.467

0.002

中

26.19 ± 4.13

21.72 ± 4.52

8.01 ± 2.49

55.92 ± 8.33

0.493

< 0.001

高

28.09 ± 4.92

24.65 ± 4.71

8.71 ± 2.55

61.45 ± 9.21

0.556

< 0.001

3.4．老年人SES与GSEOH的多重线性回归分析

采用多重线性回归进一步探讨SES对GSEOH的影响，在控制了混杂因素之后，最终构建的多重线性回归模型具有统计学意义（F = 36.218, P < 0.001），因变量GSEOH总分变异的47.4%可由SES来解释（调整后R2 = 0.474）。老年人GSEOH与SES的提高存在正向关联，中SES组（t = 2.241, P = 0.001），高SES组（t = 3.072, P < 0.001）,自变量的偏回归系数和95%CI如下表所示。见表3。

表3 老年人SES与GSEOH的多重线性回归分析。

变量 SES	β	B	SE	t	P值	95% CI
低	1
中	0.115	1.012	0.293	2.241	0.001	0.947~1.114
高	0.203	1.896	0.355	3.072	< 0.001	1.648~2.015

4．讨论

由于老年人处于人生的最后一个阶段，生理、心理以及社会角色的退化往往使其难以维持良好的口腔健康状态。相关研究表明，绝大部分老年人获得口腔保健服务的途径有限，口腔健康状况较差，并且普遍缺乏口腔健康意识

[16]

。本次调查结果显示，老年人GSEOH得分为（55.91 ± 8.48）分，略低于徐宇馨等

[15]

的调查结果，该差异可能源于本研究样本覆盖了农村地区老年人，而城乡社会经济与教育资源分布不均衡，导致农村老年人口腔保健自我效能普遍偏低。已有研究明确指出，老年人口腔保健自我效能与受教育水平密切相关

[17]

，农村老人受文化水平及健康信息可及性限制，自我保健意识和效能往往较低

[18]

。提示在今后的口腔健康促进工作中需更加关注农村及低文化水平老年群体，通过开展针对性的口腔健康教育、社区支持及服务覆盖，改善其自我效能与行为水平。

本研究显示，SES的分布在性别、居住地、年龄、婚姻状况等多个变量上均存在差异，提示SES是一个与多种人口学和社会因素密切相关的复合指标，与Gao

[19]

的结论类似。本次研究发现，SES是老年人口腔保健自我效能的重要影响因素。高SES组GSEOH得分显著高于中、低SES组，且多元回归模型显示SES可单独解释GSEOH总分变异的47.4%，说明社会经济因素在塑造老年人对口腔健康行为的信心方面发挥着核心作用

[20]

。这一发现具有两方面的现实意义：首先，它从心理行为层面揭示了口腔健康不平等的内在机制，即SES不仅通过物质资源影响口腔健康，还通过自我效能这一关键心理认知因素发挥作用；其次，它提示针对低SES群体的口腔健康干预需重点关注其信心建设与赋能策略，而非仅侧重知识普及或服务提供。

本次研究结果与多数关注SES与口腔健康结局的研究结论基本一致，即社会经济地位与健康结局及健康行为均存在密切关联。例如F Schwendicke

[21]

的研究发现，低SES群体龋病发生率较高，口腔健康相关生活质量更低；张月等

[22]

的研究发现，低SES老年人牙周健康状况和口腔健康行为普遍较差。杨云娟等

[23]

也得出类似结果。本研究将这种关联进一步深化，从传统的“疾病结局”层面推进至“行为动机与自信心”的心理层面，证实了SES对口腔保健自我效能这一前瞻性变量的强大预测力，为理解SES影响口腔健康的机制提供了更深入的视角。

SES的研究起源于Hollingshead教授和Redlich教授

[24]

1958年的社区研究测量工作中，但目前对SES的标准仍未统一。与以往多数研究仅使用收入或教育等单一指标不同，本研究采用了一个综合的SES指标进行分组，能够更全面、多维地捕捉社会经济地位的整体影响，其结果也更稳健地揭示出SES与GSEOH之间的梯度关系，表明资源获取、社会机会和认知能力的综合优势可协同增强个体对健康管理的信心

[25]

。此外，本研究聚焦于深度老龄化背景下的老年群体，该群体经历了SES的长期累积效应，其健康不平等问题更为凸显，与生命历程流行病学理论相呼应，是对现有文献的一个重要补充。本研究的局限性：（1）由于本研究为横断面研究，横断面设计无法推断因果关系。未来可采用纵向研究设计，追踪SES和GSEOH的时序变化。（2）SES的测量虽综合了三个经典维度，但仍未涵盖财富积累、社会保障等可能对老年人健康信心产生实质影响的因素。未来可纳入主观社会地位、社会保障类型等指标。（3）GSEOH依赖于自我报告，可能存在社会期望偏倚。可尝试采用行为观察或临床指标作为自我效能的标准补充，以提高测量效度。

综上所述，SES与老年人GSEOH之间存在显著的正向关联，SES越高，自我效能水平越强，提示我们要增加对低SES老年群体的重视，建议制定差异化健康赋能策略，设计简单易行、成本低廉的口腔保健方案，重点提升其自我照护信心与技能；加强社区支持与资源共享，开展定期口腔健康筛查、健康教育讲座，并协助获取普惠性医疗服务；将口腔健康促进纳入基本公共卫生服务项目，鼓励多部门协同，为弱势老年群体提供系统性支持与政策倾斜，助力老年人口腔健康，以利于积极应对老龄化趋势，助力健康老龄化，降低后期护理成本，减轻家庭及社会的医疗负担，助推老年友好型社会的建设。

基金项目

武汉大学口腔医院2024年度护理临床研究项目

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APA Style

Renjia, F., Feng, P., Yanqiu, Y., Tingting, Y., Yuhong, Y., et al. (2026). Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults. Science Research, 14(6), 432-438. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16

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ACS Style

Renjia, F.; Feng, P.; Yanqiu, Y.; Tingting, Y.; Yuhong, Y., et al. Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults. Sci. Res. 2026, 14(6), 432-438. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16

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AMA Style

Renjia F, Feng P, Yanqiu Y, Tingting Y, Yuhong Y, et al. Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults. Sci Res. 2026;14(6):432-438. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16

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@article{10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16,
  author = {Fan Renjia and Pan Feng and Yao Yanqiu and Yin Tingting and Yang Yuhong and He Liangliang and Wang Yuanyuan and Wang Li},
  title = {Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {14},
  number = {6},
  pages = {432-438},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20261406.16},
  abstract = {Objective: To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status(SES) and Oral health self-efficacy in older adults, and to provide a basis for targeted improvement of oral health behaviors among the elderly. Methods: Survey was conducted from December 2024 to August 2025 on 643 people aged 65 and above at a tertiary-level A dental hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province. the Geriatric Self-Efficacy Scale for Oral Health (GSEOH) was used to assess the current status of self-efficacy. SES grades are classified based on income level, educational level and occupation. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between SES and GSEOH in older adults. Results: The GSEOH score of 643 elderly individuals was (55.91 ± 8.48) points. The GSEOH scores of the low, medium and high SES groups showed a gradient increasing trend, which were (50.35 ± 7.89) points, (55.92 ± 8.33) points and (61.45 ± 9.21) points respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for confounding factors, SES was a significant predictor of GSEOH (F = 36.218, P R² = 0.474). Compared with the low SES group, the GSEOH scores of the medium SES group (t = 2.241, P = 0.001) and the high SES group (t = 3.072, P Conclusions: The SES of the older adults is significantly positively correlated with their oral health self-efficacy, the higher the SES level, the stronger the oral health self-efficacy. It is suggested that socioeconomic factors are important social determinants influencing the oral health beliefs and behavioral confidence of the older adults. Oral health promotion strategies should be formulated for the elderly population with low SES, by enhancing self-efficacy and strengthening their oral health management capabilities, thereby improving behavior levels and health outcomes.},
 year = {2026}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults
AU  - Fan Renjia
AU  - Pan Feng
AU  - Yao Yanqiu
AU  - Yin Tingting
AU  - Yang Yuhong
AU  - He Liangliang
AU  - Wang Yuanyuan
AU  - Wang Li
Y1  - 2026/11/10
PY  - 2026
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16
T2  - Science Research
JF  - Science Research
JO  - Science Research
SP  - 432
EP  - 438
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16
AB  - Objective: To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status(SES) and Oral health self-efficacy in older adults, and to provide a basis for targeted improvement of oral health behaviors among the elderly. Methods: Survey was conducted from December 2024 to August 2025 on 643 people aged 65 and above at a tertiary-level A dental hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province. the Geriatric Self-Efficacy Scale for Oral Health (GSEOH) was used to assess the current status of self-efficacy. SES grades are classified based on income level, educational level and occupation. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between SES and GSEOH in older adults. Results: The GSEOH score of 643 elderly individuals was (55.91 ± 8.48) points. The GSEOH scores of the low, medium and high SES groups showed a gradient increasing trend, which were (50.35 ± 7.89) points, (55.92 ± 8.33) points and (61.45 ± 9.21) points respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for confounding factors, SES was a significant predictor of GSEOH (F = 36.218, P R² = 0.474). Compared with the low SES group, the GSEOH scores of the medium SES group (t = 2.241, P = 0.001) and the high SES group (t = 3.072, P Conclusions: The SES of the older adults is significantly positively correlated with their oral health self-efficacy, the higher the SES level, the stronger the oral health self-efficacy. It is suggested that socioeconomic factors are important social determinants influencing the oral health beliefs and behavioral confidence of the older adults. Oral health promotion strategies should be formulated for the elderly population with low SES, by enhancing self-efficacy and strengthening their oral health management capabilities, thereby improving behavior levels and health outcomes.
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Fan Renjia

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Pan Feng

State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Yao Yanqiu

State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Yin Tingting

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Yang Yuhong

State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
He Liangliang

State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Wang Yuanyuan

State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
Wang Li

State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

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Table 1

表1 不同SES组老年人基本特征比较。
Table 2

表2 不同SES组老年人GSEOH现状。
Table 3

表3 老年人SES与GSEOH的多重线性回归分析。

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Renjia, F., Feng, P., Yanqiu, Y., Tingting, Y., Yuhong, Y., et al. (2026). Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults. Science Research, 14(6), 432-438. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16

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ACS Style

Renjia, F.; Feng, P.; Yanqiu, Y.; Tingting, Y.; Yuhong, Y., et al. Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults. Sci. Res. 2026, 14(6), 432-438. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16

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AMA Style

Renjia F, Feng P, Yanqiu Y, Tingting Y, Yuhong Y, et al. Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults. Sci Res. 2026;14(6):432-438. doi: 10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16

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@article{10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16,
  author = {Fan Renjia and Pan Feng and Yao Yanqiu and Yin Tingting and Yang Yuhong and He Liangliang and Wang Yuanyuan and Wang Li},
  title = {Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults},
  journal = {Science Research},
  volume = {14},
  number = {6},
  pages = {432-438},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sr.20261406.16},
  abstract = {Objective: To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status(SES) and Oral health self-efficacy in older adults, and to provide a basis for targeted improvement of oral health behaviors among the elderly. Methods: Survey was conducted from December 2024 to August 2025 on 643 people aged 65 and above at a tertiary-level A dental hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province. the Geriatric Self-Efficacy Scale for Oral Health (GSEOH) was used to assess the current status of self-efficacy. SES grades are classified based on income level, educational level and occupation. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between SES and GSEOH in older adults. Results: The GSEOH score of 643 elderly individuals was (55.91 ± 8.48) points. The GSEOH scores of the low, medium and high SES groups showed a gradient increasing trend, which were (50.35 ± 7.89) points, (55.92 ± 8.33) points and (61.45 ± 9.21) points respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for confounding factors, SES was a significant predictor of GSEOH (F = 36.218, P R² = 0.474). Compared with the low SES group, the GSEOH scores of the medium SES group (t = 2.241, P = 0.001) and the high SES group (t = 3.072, P Conclusions: The SES of the older adults is significantly positively correlated with their oral health self-efficacy, the higher the SES level, the stronger the oral health self-efficacy. It is suggested that socioeconomic factors are important social determinants influencing the oral health beliefs and behavioral confidence of the older adults. Oral health promotion strategies should be formulated for the elderly population with low SES, by enhancing self-efficacy and strengthening their oral health management capabilities, thereby improving behavior levels and health outcomes.},
 year = {2026}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Association Between Socioeconomic Status and Oral Health Self-efficacy in Older Adults
AU  - Fan Renjia
AU  - Pan Feng
AU  - Yao Yanqiu
AU  - Yin Tingting
AU  - Yang Yuhong
AU  - He Liangliang
AU  - Wang Yuanyuan
AU  - Wang Li
Y1  - 2026/11/10
PY  - 2026
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16
T2  - Science Research
JF  - Science Research
JO  - Science Research
SP  - 432
EP  - 438
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2329-0927
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sr.20261406.16
AB  - Objective: To explore the relationship between socioeconomic status(SES) and Oral health self-efficacy in older adults, and to provide a basis for targeted improvement of oral health behaviors among the elderly. Methods: Survey was conducted from December 2024 to August 2025 on 643 people aged 65 and above at a tertiary-level A dental hospital in Wuhan, Hubei Province. the Geriatric Self-Efficacy Scale for Oral Health (GSEOH) was used to assess the current status of self-efficacy. SES grades are classified based on income level, educational level and occupation. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to investigate the association between SES and GSEOH in older adults. Results: The GSEOH score of 643 elderly individuals was (55.91 ± 8.48) points. The GSEOH scores of the low, medium and high SES groups showed a gradient increasing trend, which were (50.35 ± 7.89) points, (55.92 ± 8.33) points and (61.45 ± 9.21) points respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that, after adjusting for confounding factors, SES was a significant predictor of GSEOH (F = 36.218, P R² = 0.474). Compared with the low SES group, the GSEOH scores of the medium SES group (t = 2.241, P = 0.001) and the high SES group (t = 3.072, P Conclusions: The SES of the older adults is significantly positively correlated with their oral health self-efficacy, the higher the SES level, the stronger the oral health self-efficacy. It is suggested that socioeconomic factors are important social determinants influencing the oral health beliefs and behavioral confidence of the older adults. Oral health promotion strategies should be formulated for the elderly population with low SES, by enhancing self-efficacy and strengthening their oral health management capabilities, thereby improving behavior levels and health outcomes.
VL  - 14
IS  - 6
ER  -

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