Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection

Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi; Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12

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Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection

Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi, Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi

Published in International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery (Volume 9, Issue 3)

Received: 18 April 2023 Accepted: 7 June 2023 Published: 21 June 2023

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Abstract

Dyslipidaemia is a biochemical alteration connected to the pathology accompanying COVID-19 infection. Dyslipidaemia has been recognized as a common complication in COVID-19 infection exerting a significant effect on severity and mortality in COVID-19 infected patients. Disturbance of lipid profile in COVID-19 infection is diverse and shown to have various presentations. Inflammatory markers and acute phase reactants found to have a relation with the disrupted lipid profile during COVID-19 infection. The objective of this short review is to outline the altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patient, and to highlight the relationship between dyslipidaemia, inflammatory markers, severity and morbidity of COVID infection. The implemented methodology in this comprehensive short review is based on analysis of the recent published literature pertaining dyslipidaemia in COVID-19 infection. The core literature for this review is the published clinical studies and the case reports that studied the effects of COVID-19 infection on lipid profile. This review showed that low total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in addition to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) constitute the commonest altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patients. Lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and inflammation are the postulated pathogenic mechanisms for dyslipidaemia during COVID-19 infection. However, the results about status of triglycerides (TG) in COVID-19 infection was non-conclusive. Further studies may be required to suite the lipidomic status of triglycerides in COVID-19 infected patients.

Published in	International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery (Volume 9, Issue 3)
DOI	10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12
Page(s)	27-31
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

COVID-19, Dyslipidaemia, Infection, Mechanism

References

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APA Style

Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi, Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi. (2023). Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection. International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, 9(3), 27-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12

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ACS Style

Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi; Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi. Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection. Int. J. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg. 2023, 9(3), 27-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12

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AMA Style

Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi, Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi. Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection. Int J Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2023;9(3):27-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12,
  author = {Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi and Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi},
  title = {Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection},
  journal = {International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {27-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcts.20230903.12},
  abstract = {Dyslipidaemia is a biochemical alteration connected to the pathology accompanying COVID-19 infection. Dyslipidaemia has been recognized as a common complication in COVID-19 infection exerting a significant effect on severity and mortality in COVID-19 infected patients. Disturbance of lipid profile in COVID-19 infection is diverse and shown to have various presentations. Inflammatory markers and acute phase reactants found to have a relation with the disrupted lipid profile during COVID-19 infection. The objective of this short review is to outline the altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patient, and to highlight the relationship between dyslipidaemia, inflammatory markers, severity and morbidity of COVID infection. The implemented methodology in this comprehensive short review is based on analysis of the recent published literature pertaining dyslipidaemia in COVID-19 infection. The core literature for this review is the published clinical studies and the case reports that studied the effects of COVID-19 infection on lipid profile. This review showed that low total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in addition to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) constitute the commonest altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patients. Lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and inflammation are the postulated pathogenic mechanisms for dyslipidaemia during COVID-19 infection. However, the results about status of triglycerides (TG) in COVID-19 infection was non-conclusive. Further studies may be required to suite the lipidomic status of triglycerides in COVID-19 infected patients.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection
AU  - Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi
AU  - Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi
Y1  - 2023/06/21
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12
T2  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
JF  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
JO  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
SP  - 27
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-4882
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12
AB  - Dyslipidaemia is a biochemical alteration connected to the pathology accompanying COVID-19 infection. Dyslipidaemia has been recognized as a common complication in COVID-19 infection exerting a significant effect on severity and mortality in COVID-19 infected patients. Disturbance of lipid profile in COVID-19 infection is diverse and shown to have various presentations. Inflammatory markers and acute phase reactants found to have a relation with the disrupted lipid profile during COVID-19 infection. The objective of this short review is to outline the altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patient, and to highlight the relationship between dyslipidaemia, inflammatory markers, severity and morbidity of COVID infection. The implemented methodology in this comprehensive short review is based on analysis of the recent published literature pertaining dyslipidaemia in COVID-19 infection. The core literature for this review is the published clinical studies and the case reports that studied the effects of COVID-19 infection on lipid profile. This review showed that low total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in addition to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) constitute the commonest altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patients. Lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and inflammation are the postulated pathogenic mechanisms for dyslipidaemia during COVID-19 infection. However, the results about status of triglycerides (TG) in COVID-19 infection was non-conclusive. Further studies may be required to suite the lipidomic status of triglycerides in COVID-19 infected patients.
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

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Author Information

Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi

Department of Paediatric, Sultan Ahmad Shah Medical Centre, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia
Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi

Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, Malaysia

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Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi, Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi. (2023). Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection. International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, 9(3), 27-31. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12

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ACS Style

Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi; Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi. Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection. Int. J. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg. 2023, 9(3), 27-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12

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AMA Style

Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi, Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi. Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection. Int J Cardiovasc Thorac Surg. 2023;9(3):27-31. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12,
  author = {Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi and Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi},
  title = {Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection},
  journal = {International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery},
  volume = {9},
  number = {3},
  pages = {27-31},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcts.20230903.12},
  abstract = {Dyslipidaemia is a biochemical alteration connected to the pathology accompanying COVID-19 infection. Dyslipidaemia has been recognized as a common complication in COVID-19 infection exerting a significant effect on severity and mortality in COVID-19 infected patients. Disturbance of lipid profile in COVID-19 infection is diverse and shown to have various presentations. Inflammatory markers and acute phase reactants found to have a relation with the disrupted lipid profile during COVID-19 infection. The objective of this short review is to outline the altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patient, and to highlight the relationship between dyslipidaemia, inflammatory markers, severity and morbidity of COVID infection. The implemented methodology in this comprehensive short review is based on analysis of the recent published literature pertaining dyslipidaemia in COVID-19 infection. The core literature for this review is the published clinical studies and the case reports that studied the effects of COVID-19 infection on lipid profile. This review showed that low total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in addition to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) constitute the commonest altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patients. Lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and inflammation are the postulated pathogenic mechanisms for dyslipidaemia during COVID-19 infection. However, the results about status of triglycerides (TG) in COVID-19 infection was non-conclusive. Further studies may be required to suite the lipidomic status of triglycerides in COVID-19 infected patients.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Dyslipidaemia and Its Underlying Mechanisms in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Infection
AU  - Zainab Bubakr Hamad Zubi
AU  - Hamad Abdulsalam Hamad Alfarisi
Y1  - 2023/06/21
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12
T2  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
JF  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
JO  - International Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery
SP  - 27
EP  - 31
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-4882
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcts.20230903.12
AB  - Dyslipidaemia is a biochemical alteration connected to the pathology accompanying COVID-19 infection. Dyslipidaemia has been recognized as a common complication in COVID-19 infection exerting a significant effect on severity and mortality in COVID-19 infected patients. Disturbance of lipid profile in COVID-19 infection is diverse and shown to have various presentations. Inflammatory markers and acute phase reactants found to have a relation with the disrupted lipid profile during COVID-19 infection. The objective of this short review is to outline the altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patient, and to highlight the relationship between dyslipidaemia, inflammatory markers, severity and morbidity of COVID infection. The implemented methodology in this comprehensive short review is based on analysis of the recent published literature pertaining dyslipidaemia in COVID-19 infection. The core literature for this review is the published clinical studies and the case reports that studied the effects of COVID-19 infection on lipid profile. This review showed that low total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in addition to elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) constitute the commonest altered lipid profile in COVID-19 infected patients. Lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress and inflammation are the postulated pathogenic mechanisms for dyslipidaemia during COVID-19 infection. However, the results about status of triglycerides (TG) in COVID-19 infection was non-conclusive. Further studies may be required to suite the lipidomic status of triglycerides in COVID-19 infected patients.
VL  - 9
IS  - 3
ER  -

Copy | Download