Research Article
Exploration of Acid-base Disorders in the Post-operative Post-cardiac Surgery Period
Elhadji Boubacar Ba*
,
Maïmouna Toure,
Papa Ibrahima Ndiaye,
Goumbo Diop,
Etienne Birame Sene,
Abdoulaye Gueye,
Elhadji Malick Diao,
Marie Victoire Sene,
Ulimata Diop,
Oumar Kane,
Elisabeth Diouf
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
22-27
Received:
16 January 2026
Accepted:
26 January 2026
Published:
27 February 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcts.20261202.11
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Abstract: This retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study was conducted over a six-month period (January to June 2025) at the Cuomo Cardiac Center in Dakar, involving 39 consecutive adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Perioperative data were extracted from medical records, supplemented by systematic arterial blood gas analysis within the first six postoperative hours. Statistical analysis was performed using Sphinx Plus software. Results revealed a high prevalence of acid-base disorders (ABD) at 64.1% (25 patients). Acidosis was largely predominant (56.4%), categorized as respiratory (33.3%), metabolic (15.4%), and mixed (7.7%), while alkalosis remained marginal (7.7%). The study identified the intraoperative use of two or more sympathomimetic agents as a major risk factor, strongly correlated with the occurrence of an ABD (p = 0.005). Regarding prognosis, patients with an ABD had a significantly longer mean length of stay in the intensive care unit (4.76 days vs. 3.43 days). Finally, although the sample size limited statistical significance for certain variables, the impact on mortality was notable: all four recorded deaths (10.3%) occurred exclusively in acidotic patients. These findings underscore the imperative for increased monitoring and early correction of imbalances, particularly in patients requiring heavy hemodynamic support.
Abstract: This retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study was conducted over a six-month period (January to June 2025) at the Cuomo Cardiac Center in Dakar, involving 39 consecutive adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Perioperative data were extracted from medical records, supplemented by systematic arterial blo...
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Research Article
Profile and Predictive Factors of Postoperative Lactic Acidosis in Pediatric Cardiac Surgery Under Extracorporeal Circulation
Elhadji Boubacar Ba*,
Papa Amath Diagne,
Ibrahima Gaye,
Papa Ibrahima Ndiaye,
Marie Victoire Sene,
Abdoulaye Gueye,
Ulimata Diop,
El Hadji Malick Diao,
Etienne Birame Sene,
Oumar Kane
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
28-32
Received:
25 January 2026
Accepted:
4 February 2026
Published:
27 February 2026
Abstract: This retrospective study analyzed the profile and predictors of lactic acidosis (LA) in 32 pediatric patients (ages 0-18) following cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). LA was defined as arterial lactate > 2 mmol/L with pH < 7.35 upon ICU admission. Data included demographic, preoperative (EF, TAPSE, creatinine), and intraoperative parameters (CPB duration, cross-clamp time, vasoactive amines). Statistical analysis sought correlations between these factors and LA occurrence. The incidence of LA was 15.6% (5/32). The cohort (mean age 9.8 years, 65.6% male) showed preserved preoperative cardiac function. Surgery was equally split between valvular and congenital heart disease. Mean CPB duration was 110 minutes, with hypothermia used in 81.3% of cases and sympathomimetics in 78.1%. Analysis revealed no significant association between LA and demographic factors, preoperative parameters, or intraoperative data (type of surgery, CPB/clamp duration, amines). However, a non-significant trend showed 4 out of 5 LA cases occurred after congenital heart surgery. Clinically, LA was significantly correlated with a longer ICU stay (mean 3.75 vs. 2.77 days). No significant link was found with overall mortality (6.3%). In this pediatric series, postoperative lactic acidosis, while relatively infrequent, is associated with prolonged ICU stays. The absence of clear preoperative or intraoperative risk factors highlights the multifactorial complexity of this metabolic complication, necessitating vigilant postoperative monitoring.
Abstract: This retrospective study analyzed the profile and predictors of lactic acidosis (LA) in 32 pediatric patients (ages 0-18) following cardiac surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). LA was defined as arterial lactate > 2 mmol/L with pH ...
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Research Article
Electrocardiographic Characteristics of Pulmonary Embolism in Patients Hospitalized at Dalal Jamm National Hospital Center (2021–2023)
Mingou Joseph Salvador*,
Diallo Ramatoulaye,
Yakusu Issa,
Diouf Marguerite Tening,
Sarr Simon Antoine,
Aw Fatou,
Gaye Ngone Diaba,
Ngaide Aliou Alassane,
Ndiaye Malick,
Dioum Momar,
Bodian Malick,
Ndiaye Mouhamadou Bamba,
Diao Maboury,
Kane Abdoul
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 2, April 2026
Pages:
33-39
Received:
12 February 2026
Accepted:
24 February 2026
Published:
10 March 2026
DOI:
10.11648/j.ijcts.20261202.13
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Abstract: Introduction: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In Africa, limited access to computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) enhances the clinical value of the electrocardiogram (ECG), a rapid and widely available tool, for early diagnostic orientation and prognostic assessment. Objectives: To describe ECG abnormalities observed in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and to analyze their association with in-hospital mortality and paraclinical markers of severity. Methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study including 103 patients hospitalized for confirmed pulmonary embolism in the cardiology department of the National Hospital Center Dalal Jamm, Dakar, Senegal, between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2023. Clinical characteristics, risk factors, biological parameters, transthoracic echocardiographic findings, and CTPA results were collected. The associations between isolated or cumulative ECG abnormalities and in-hospital mortality were analyzed. Results: The mean age was 53 years, with a female predominance (male-to-female ratio: 0.84). The main risk factors were obesity (36.2%), age >70 years (31.9%), prolonged immobilization (24.6%), underlying heart disease (13%), and gynecological factors (14.5%). The most common symptoms were dyspnea (83.5%), chest pain (67%), and cough (49.5%). The most frequent ECG abnormalities were sinus tachycardia (62.1%), subepicardial ischemia (47.6%), the S1Q3T3 pattern (38.8%), and right-sided conduction disturbances, including right bundle branch block (20.4%). Transthoracic echocardiography revealed right heart chamber dilation (50%), pulmonary hypertension (38.8%), and intracardiac thrombus (6.3%). CTPA showed bilateral PE in 29.1% of cases, right-sided PE in 15.5%, and left-sided PE in 9.7%. All patients received anticoagulation therapy. In-hospital mortality risk was significantly higher in patients presenting with at least two cumulative ECG abnormalities and was strongly associated with right heart dilation and pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion: Pulmonary embolism represents a significant clinical burden in Senegal. Although nonspecific, the ECG provides valuable information for early suspicion and prognostic stratification, particularly in emergency settings with limited resources. The presence of multiple ECG abnormalities identifies patients at high risk of early mortality. Early recognition of these findings, combined with risk factor assessment and evaluation of right ventricular involvement, may facilitate timely management and improve patient outcomes.
Abstract: Introduction: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In Africa, limited access to computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) enhances the clinical value of the electrocardiogram (ECG), a rapid and widely available tool, for early diagnostic orientation and prognostic assessment. Objectives: To desc...
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