Infection and immunity in children are the most common and troublesome diseases in pediatrics. In recent years, various new infections, especially COVID-19 and influenza, have attracted great attention from global pandemics and scientists. Many new diagnostic and treatment plans and guidelines have emerged. Similarly, childhood infection and immunity have also been a hot topic in the field of pediatrics in recent years, with many influential articles appearing. Pan et al. Found that PCT as a useful biomarker for kawasaki disease diagnosis. And they found that new immunoglobulin-resistant kawasaki disease nomogram that incorporates age, C-reactive protein, coronary artery lesions, platelet, neutrophil%, alanine transaminase and aminotransferase may be adopted for predicting the risk of immunoglobulin-resistant kawasaki disease. Benefiting from the joint efforts of global scientists, many new perspectives and treatment methods have emerged for childhood infections and immunity. Many treatment plans have changed the diagnosis and treatment guidelines for human diseases. This special issue mainly publishes the new findings, new diagnosis methods and new treatment plans of children's infection and immunity in recent years, especially uncommon pediatric diseases.

The special issue cover topics such as:

(1) New diagnostic approaches for childhood infections and immunity

(2) Novel treatment plans and guidelines for pediatric diseases

(3) Biomarkers and their role in diagnosing specific pediatric diseases

(4) Emerging perspectives and treatment methods for childhood infections

(5) Uncommon pediatric diseases and their diagnosis and treatment challenges

At the same time, many journals have long publication cycles, and this special issue hopes to improve the review speed while ensuring the quality of articles. This special issue welcomes new diagnoses and developments in the field of childhood infections and immunity.