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Urban Planning Principles and Methods of Returning Coastal Areas to Citizens
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
101-106
Received:
30 August 2021
Accepted:
29 September 2021
Published:
12 October 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.urp.20210604.11
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Abstract: The extremely important issue of today is the return of coastal areas to city dwellers. The peculiarities of urban, landscape and integrated directions of organization of coastal territories are considered with the definition of their advantages and disadvantages. Bright examples of all three principles of coastal development are given. The basic town-planning methods of the organization of coastal territories are defined. The focus is on the urgency of reviving natural ecosystems in cities by revitalizing urban rivers with the return of rivers to their natural qualities - natural bed, flora, fauna, ecotones, which will improve the atmosphere of the urban environment, microclimate, create recreation areas for citizens. The most striking example of successful revitalization project is the revival of the Chongecheong River in Seoul (South Korea). The creation of Pochayna Park in the Obolonskyi district of Kyiv with the revival of the small Pochayna River by Kyiv designers and architects in partnership with Korean colleagues was presented. The creation of public spaces in coastal areas is a condition for improving the quality of life of urban residents. Concern for the human dimension in cities is at the heart of these projects.
Abstract: The extremely important issue of today is the return of coastal areas to city dwellers. The peculiarities of urban, landscape and integrated directions of organization of coastal territories are considered with the definition of their advantages and disadvantages. Bright examples of all three principles of coastal development are given. The basic t...
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The Impact of Migrant Peasants on the Urban Space (Ho Chi Minh City — Ganh Dau)
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
107-114
Received:
12 September 2021
Accepted:
8 October 2021
Published:
15 October 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.urp.20210604.12
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Abstract: The term “way of living” is used in this article in its connection with “place identity” to analyze the impact of new urban residents (migrant peasants) on the urban space transformation. The urban environment of Ho Chi Minh City is considered in the context of the similarity of its development to the transformation of the space of Ukrainian cities (in the context of migrant processes). The case study analyzes the configuration of the impact of key actors (state and community) on the space of the city center. The aim of the study is to prove or disprove the impact of the “rural way of life” (introduced by migrants) on the urban environment. Observation of everyday “spatial practices” of the citizens is used to characterize the processes changing the space. The daily deconstruction of the historic part of the city is viewed in the context of the influence of “formal” planning practices applied by the city authorities and “informal” practices of space used by the local community. Turning to the hypothesis of the influence of the new residents’ “way of life”, which is different from the one of the urban residents, the study was complemented by the analysis of the spatial organization and neighborhood of the fishing village of Ganh Dau in the province of Kien Giang. The study of the space-community interactions of this sustainable rural settlement determines the similarity of the “rural identity” of local residents with the “urban identity” (autochthonous urban population of Ho Chi Minh City) in terms of perception and use of the common space. Therefore, differences in lifestyle (urban/rural) are not the main source of influence on the gradual changes in urban morphology and the loss of authentic buildings. In the current context, the impact of “consumer identity” as a manifestation of a “fluid society” that is constantly changing is more noticeable. It is important to emphasize that the influence of the local community (with any type of identity) on the transformation of the urban space occurs only through the informal spatial practices. Thus, it is not the only or determining factor. To a greater extent, the transformation of urban space is determined by the planning strategy of the city government in compliance with global standards.
Abstract: The term “way of living” is used in this article in its connection with “place identity” to analyze the impact of new urban residents (migrant peasants) on the urban space transformation. The urban environment of Ho Chi Minh City is considered in the context of the similarity of its development to the transformation of the space of Ukrainian cities...
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Reshaping Riyadh Alsolh Square: Mapping the Narratives of Protesting Crowds in Beirut
Reem Albarakt,
Gehan Selim,
Amal Iaaly
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
115-122
Received:
8 August 2021
Accepted:
10 September 2021
Published:
19 November 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.urp.20210604.13
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Abstract: The conception of the state's ownership of public space and its control over its physical and psychological accessibility have shaped the spaces and the extent of public engagement. On the other side, civil movements challenge this dominance and contribute to reshaping the spaces through different modes of political gatherings. Several spaces in the Middle East have developed their significance through the competition of conflictual actors. This paper aims at identifying the spatial tools of the occupational competition for dominating the space. The article examines the method of generating time-aware maps of the spatial practices of protesting crowd out from the scattered archive of visual and verbal narratives using ArcGIS. By employing 395 archived videos which documented the protest event of 22nd – 24th, August 2015 in Riyadh Alsolh square, Beirut – Lebanon, the paper produced 144 plural patterns of the protestors' crowd movement per 10 minutes within 250 m radius of Riyadh Alsolh square's surroundings. The article defined four patterns of the crowd's territory based on their physical, functional and relational characteristics. The conflictual sense of the contradictory crowds can be used to identify the status of competition for dominance. It also indicates the correlation between the features of the pattern and the potential of raising the conflictual sense. The examined method helps to analyse crowds' contribution in shaping public spaces during urban events; however, the more available spatiotemporal recordings, the more figured characteristics of the produced space.
Abstract: The conception of the state's ownership of public space and its control over its physical and psychological accessibility have shaped the spaces and the extent of public engagement. On the other side, civil movements challenge this dominance and contribute to reshaping the spaces through different modes of political gatherings. Several spaces in th...
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Urban Spaces and Its Impact on Social Activities
Sameh Mohamed Hamed Elyan
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
123-134
Received:
25 June 2021
Accepted:
20 July 2021
Published:
23 November 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.urp.20210604.14
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Abstract: The stages of urban design aim at constituting a built environment which fulfils the needs and suits the behaviors of human beings for the user's comfort and acceptance of urban space as an assembly point for practicing social activities. It may be noted that urban spaces do not fulfil the needs of human beings (Economic, social and recreational), in addition to its adverse impacts on the environment, thus affecting the human behavior. Moreover, this space may not be well-utilized, and the urban (physical) environment may suffer from distortions, since space loses its function as a human social space designed for humans. This study addresses the problem of upgrading and renovating the urbanely deteriorated regions with its focus on the physical aspect (built environment) and disregard to the moral aspect; i.e. the human being who inhabits these regions. This led to the emergence of adverse impacts, whether on the built environment, the user of space, or the effect of the user of space on the built environment, such as lack of pedestrian crossing places, disappearance of pedestrian sidewalks, non-availability of spaces for space users to the practice the activities of resting and sitting, the disappearance of a certain social activity, or the emergence of an environmental impact resulting in one of the manifestations of pollution of any of its types (visual, auditory, environmental). The study concludes that the relation between urban spaces of all its types must proceed in two parallel and complementary directions for the built environment to perform the function for which it was designed; i.e. the comfort of human beings and the fulfilment of their economic, recreational, or cultural needs.
Abstract: The stages of urban design aim at constituting a built environment which fulfils the needs and suits the behaviors of human beings for the user's comfort and acceptance of urban space as an assembly point for practicing social activities. It may be noted that urban spaces do not fulfil the needs of human beings (Economic, social and recreational), ...
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Identifying Resettlement Communities' Urban Regeneration Opportunity Through GIS-based Spatial Analysis in Suzhou Metropolitan Area
Jinliu Chen,
Paola Pellegrini,
Geng Ma
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
135-146
Received:
1 November 2021
Accepted:
19 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.urp.20210604.15
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Abstract: Urban regeneration is mentioned for the first time in the Chinese 14th five-year plan, and its main content is the old communities built before the year 2000. Due to the different construction standards for different communities, the old communities in need of transformation in the current city are referred to as resettlement communities. The existing urban regeneration guidelines and design intervention methods in China are at three approaches: demolition, reconstruction, and retention. There are still disputes on how to guide the regeneration of resettlement areas in different urban conditions effectively. We try to introduce the method of spatial analysis using GIS to evaluate the existing 176 resettlement communities we found in Suzhou Metropolitan Area. We classified the resettlement communities into four categories upon multiple factors, which could be assessed using the densification concept's index weight. According to the matching degree of overall property value and construction intensity, and put forward relevant regeneration strategies. At the same time, the feasibility assessment is verified in combination with the comprehensive regeneration plan from the government in recent years. The results show the current government's reconstruction focuses on low-density and below the medium housing prize communities, which is also the lowest grade in the previous assessment. We encourage these communities could be regenerated by reconstruction, demolition, and reconstruction simultaneously, gradually increasing the density and accessibility and enhancing public services. The study also attempts to discuss the corresponding regeneration strategies for the other three types of resettlement areas. This research of resettlement communities in the Suzhou Metropolitan area can further promote urban regeneration policies and guidelines for sustainable design intervention.
Abstract: Urban regeneration is mentioned for the first time in the Chinese 14th five-year plan, and its main content is the old communities built before the year 2000. Due to the different construction standards for different communities, the old communities in need of transformation in the current city are referred to as resettlement communities. The exist...
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Analysis of Occupants’ Air-Conditioning Opening Behaviour Based on the Survival Model
Jiawen Ren,
Xin Zhou,
Xing Shi,
Xing Jin
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
147-154
Received:
26 October 2021
Accepted:
23 November 2021
Published:
24 November 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.urp.20210604.16
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Abstract: It is essential to predict building energy consumption through more accurate simulation of building energy consumption, and then put forward suggestions for building energy conservation. Therefore, it is a very important issue to study the variable, random and complex air conditioning usage mode. In the previous studies on air conditioning, it could be found that whether the air conditioning is on or off, it is only a mathematical function about environmental parameters. However, when we arrive at the office and feel uncomfortable, we don't open the window immediately. Instead, we put up with it for a while. In view of the above shortcomings, this study proposed a survival model based on Weibull function to predict the air-conditioning on behavior. Through the verification of the model, we found that the accuracy of the air-conditioning regulation model based on the survival model is more than 74%. We compared and verified the common three-parameter Weibull model with the survival model-based Weibull model, and found that the accuracy of the common three-parameter Weibull model was slightly higher than that of the survival model. At the same time, we analyzed the death event (tolerance temperature) of the survival model, and further improving the tolerance temperature is of great help to the accuracy of the model.
Abstract: It is essential to predict building energy consumption through more accurate simulation of building energy consumption, and then put forward suggestions for building energy conservation. Therefore, it is a very important issue to study the variable, random and complex air conditioning usage mode. In the previous studies on air conditioning, it coul...
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The Research on the Renewal Method of Industrial Areas in Historical Corridor
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
155-164
Received:
28 October 2021
Accepted:
3 December 2021
Published:
7 December 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.urp.20210604.17
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Abstract: Under the background of the post-industrial era, the industrial areas in the historical corridor environment has always been the key research direction of urban renewal, and it is also the key practice area for the renewal of the existing construction land in territorial space planning. This article discusses the transformation and renewal methods of industrial areas from the perspective of historical corridors, and combines urban positioning and industrial transformation needs to solve the decline of industrial areas, improve spatial quality, and stimulate subsequent development of the areas. On the basis of the theoretical framework of heritage corridors, based on reality, the research idea of "resource investigation and corridor determination-characteristic analysis-corridor construction and industrial area renewal" is formed, which makes the renewal more systematic and hierarchical, and fully reflects the historical corridor spatial pattern characteristics. First, determine the historical corridors through background overview recognition, overall value evaluation, and information landing. Next, a comprehensive survey of the elements of the overall system of historical corridors is carried out from the perspective of the corridor system, industrial areas, and buildings. Among them, the industrial areas can be divided into six types, and evaluate the reuse potential from both own values and external influences. On this basis, suggestions for the transformation and renewal of industrial areas are put forward, which mainly include the four leading directions of economic benefits, social services, cultural promotion, and ecological restoration.
Abstract: Under the background of the post-industrial era, the industrial areas in the historical corridor environment has always been the key research direction of urban renewal, and it is also the key practice area for the renewal of the existing construction land in territorial space planning. This article discusses the transformation and renewal methods ...
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Integrating the Quality of Services into Potential Access Measurement and Assessing Spatial Equity Based on Both the Need and Demand Conceptions
Chengcheng Wu,
Neil Adrian Powe
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2021
Pages:
165-173
Received:
8 November 2021
Accepted:
30 November 2021
Published:
9 December 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.urp.20210604.18
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Abstract: Equitable access to services of good quality is important for disadvantaged social groups and one way to evaluate it is through spatial equity assessment. The existing studies disproportionately focus on measuring access/assessing equity reflecting the equality and/or need conception(s) and barely integrate the quality of services into the process. Thus, this research explores the necessity for integrating the quality of services into potential access measurement and assessing spatial equity based on both the need and demand conceptions. Using GP practices in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK as a case study, the research demonstrates the inadequacy of neglecting the quality aspect of services when measuring potential access and of neglecting social groups’ demands when assessing spatial equity at the city scale. For instance, the result of the spatial equity assessment for GP practices of good quality in the city is different from the result for all GP practices in the city based on the need conception. The result of the spatial equity assessment of all GP practices in the city based on the demand conception is different from that of all GP practices in the city based on the need conception. Through the illustrations of the conceptual framework for spatial equity assessment and the integration of the size and quality of services into potential access measurement for social groups at the city scale, the research develops a more comprehensive spatial equity assessment framework. It contributes to the existing conceptual and empirical studies in better measuring potential access to services and assessing spatial equity. For policy implications, the research illustrates how to apply the assessment framework to provide recommendations on which services that may need increasing size and/or improving quality at the city scale.
Abstract: Equitable access to services of good quality is important for disadvantaged social groups and one way to evaluate it is through spatial equity assessment. The existing studies disproportionately focus on measuring access/assessing equity reflecting the equality and/or need conception(s) and barely integrate the quality of services into the process....
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