Investigation on Mechanical Properties and Suitability of Highland Bamboo (Yushania Alpina) for Use in Structural Truss Members
Solomon Woubshet,
Denamo Addissie
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
23-29
Received:
11 March 2021
Accepted:
6 July 2021
Published:
16 July 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.scidev.20210202.11
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Abstract: In responding to the demand for construction materials that are sustainable, eco-friendly, safe and cost effective, several researches were conducted and came up with recommendations including the use of alternative construction materials. In this regard bamboo is taken as one of the alternatives. In Ethiopia there are two bamboo species that are commonly referred as high land bamboo or scientifically as ‘Yushania alpina’ and low land bamboo or scientifically as ‘Oxythenantera abyssinica’. Both of which cover nearly 1.4 million ha of land. Due to their attributes including fast growth, regeneration rate, low cost and strength, different countries are using bamboo for building of different structures and other products like furniture. In order to use the material for construction uses, it is of vital importance that properties of bamboo are determined to explore its potential uses. In this paper Experimental analysis was carried out on high land bamboo culms collected from selected regions of Ethiopia to investigate the compressive, tensile and bending strengths for their suitability as astructural member specifically for roof truss. The samples were collected from three regions in Ethiopia namely, Oromia Regional State (Tikur inchni), SNNPRS (Gurage), and Sidama Regional State. From the tests it was observed that air dried bamboo from the Gurage area (58.12 N/mm2) had the highest average compressive strength at ambient condition. On the other hand, an oven dried bamboo specimens from the three areas were tested and they showed similar average compressive strengths between 118 and 122 N/mm2 which were considerably different from the results of air dried bamboo samples. For bending strength Sidama area bamboo (58.53 N/mm2) showed highest value at ambient conditions. For the tensile strength the Gurage area bamboo (136.13 N/mm2) had a highest average tensile strength at ambient conditions. A truss using the Tikur inchini area bamboo was designed for G+0 building according to Ethiopian building code standard and built using Tikur inchini area bamboo and tested for stability by applying load of 110 kgs and it was found stable. The material strength of the tested samples for compression and tension were better than the design load of the truss. The research indicated that the highland bamboo can be used as a roof truss which saves cost and environment and provides better strength.
Abstract: In responding to the demand for construction materials that are sustainable, eco-friendly, safe and cost effective, several researches were conducted and came up with recommendations including the use of alternative construction materials. In this regard bamboo is taken as one of the alternatives. In Ethiopia there are two bamboo species that are c...
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A Philosophical Exposition of the Dynamics of the Kindred Group in Igbo-African Ontology
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
30-34
Received:
17 April 2021
Accepted:
5 May 2021
Published:
18 August 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.scidev.20210202.12
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Abstract: Ndigbo have a peculiar way of being in the world. It is the outcome of a process of cultural evolution which has crystallized over the years. In the peculiar Igbo way of being in the world, the kindred group is the smallest but the most fundamental unit of the Igbo society. It is the basic, in fact, the only way of being a member of the tribe. It is the clan. It is a politically evolved biological unit. The kindred group is basically bonded by common ancestry, common identity and a powerful social cord of brotherhood. It is a unit of the village, the Igbo town-state and the Igbo tribe. It is a judicial territory and a cultural unit. As the basic unit of the Igbo town-state, the kindred performs statutory functions of the state in the conduct of marriages, arbitrations and adjudications of sundry issues or disputes that may arise in the kindred. The kindred unit also has a territory which is apportioned to members and handed over from generation to generation in a well defined system of inheritance. It is in the context of the kindred that the Igbo person defines his identity, and acquires a sense of rootedness in the world. The questions regarding the meaning of life and the end of existence are resolved by Ndigbo in the context of the kindred as it is in relation to the kindred that Ndigbo seek meaning in life. In death, the Igbo man’s ultimate quest is to be admitted in the comity of ancestors from his kindred in the world of the dead. This work studies this peculiar Igbo ontological experience, using candid observations and philosophical analyses of the existential activities of Ndigbo, past and present.
Abstract: Ndigbo have a peculiar way of being in the world. It is the outcome of a process of cultural evolution which has crystallized over the years. In the peculiar Igbo way of being in the world, the kindred group is the smallest but the most fundamental unit of the Igbo society. It is the basic, in fact, the only way of being a member of the tribe. It i...
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