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Epidemiological Study of Camel Ectoparasites in Different Districts of Afar Region, Ethiopia
Endris Feki,
Beksisa Urge,
Weldegebrial G. Aregawi,
Tamirat Siyoum,
Ali Shiferaw
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
114-118
Received:
18 August 2021
Accepted:
1 September 2021
Published:
10 September 2021
Abstract: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April, 2017 to October 2018 to investigate the occurrence of major camel ectoparasites and associated risk factors in selected districts of Afar Regional State, Ethiopia. Out of the total camels (N=813) examined for ectoparasite infestation, about 629 of camels were infested with one or more species of parasites and the overall prevalence was 77.4%. About 17.44%, 10.57%, 1.97%, and 0.24% were accounted for single and mixed infestation with two, three and four parasites respectively. The study indicated that there were statistically significant variation (P< 0.05) in the prevalence of ectoparasites among sex, age group and body condition; However, there was no significant variation (P>0.05) in infestation rate in relation to areas. In this study four of genera ticks and one genera of mite were identified. The identified genera were Hyalomma (28.30%), Amblyomma (24.48%), Rhipicephalus (17.17%) and Boophilus (0.32%). The infestation of a single mite showed that; Sarcoptes scabiei var cameli (8.90%). Infestations in seven districts in the region ranged (70.06%) of Yallo 82.6% in Elidar district to but higher prevalence was found (80.5%) at Megale and (82.6%) Elidar district. In conclusion, the prevalence of ectoparasites in the present study was high in camel population in the study areas of the Afar region; therefore it is important to reduce parasitic infestation and its load through applying ectoparasitic drugs and externally applied chemicals.
Abstract: A cross-sectional study was conducted from April, 2017 to October 2018 to investigate the occurrence of major camel ectoparasites and associated risk factors in selected districts of Afar Regional State, Ethiopia. Out of the total camels (N=813) examined for ectoparasite infestation, about 629 of camels were infested with one or more species of par...
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Psychological Impact, Early Behavioural Response to COVID-19 and Predictors Among Health Science Students in Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia
Agerie Mengistie Zeleke,
Gashaw Melkie Bayeh
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
119-128
Received:
3 September 2021
Accepted:
24 September 2021
Published:
5 October 2021
Abstract: Background: Psychological impact of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a serious mental health problem for everyone, including health science college students who spend most of their times at home due to the closure of colleges. Addressing needs of early behavioral responses to this pandemic virus in the affected community particularly for students are very important. However, In Ethiopia, there is a paucity of evidence on the addressing psychological impact, early behavioral response to COVID-19. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the status of psychological impact, early behavioral response to COVID-19 and its associated factors among public health science college students, northwest, Amhara national regional State Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was employed among 317 respondents from October 16, 2020 to December 30, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique used to select the students who attending in public health science colleges in Amhara Regional state. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Epi-data version 4.6 and SPSS version 20.0 software were used for data entry and analysis, respectively. Binary logistic regressions (Bivariable and multivariable) were performed to identify statistically significant variables. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% CI was used to declare statistically significant variables on the basis of p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression model. Results: The overall status of psychological impact and early behavioral response to the COVID-19 pandemic among participants were 51.4% with 95% CI (46%-57%) and 51.1% with 95% CI (45%-57%) respectively. Age 18-24 years old (AOR: 3.6; (CI: 1.14-11.39)), urban residence (AOR: 0.51; 95% CI: (0.31-0.84)), being male participants (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI95% CI: (1.04-2.84)), participants evolved in Debre Tabor health science college (AOR: 4.25; CI 95% (1.60-7.72)) were significant predictors of psychological impact of COVID-19, whereas being female participants (AOR: 3.4; 95% CI: (1.95-5.14)), and participant had psychological impact ofCOVID-19 (AOR: 1.9; 95% CI: (1.16-2-96)) were significant factors with early behavioral response to COVID-19. Conclusions: The psychological impact of COVID-19 was higher among diploma students and early behavioral responses to prevent COVID-19 were not satisfactory. Hence, it is crucial track to early responses to the COVID-19 preventive measures, through appropriate information outlets, mainstream media, and relying on updating information from TV, radio, and health care workers about COVID-19 provision of behavioral readiness to COVID-19 prevention are very important. The government should implement national programs for school based health and safety, promoting students' psychological well-being.
Abstract: Background: Psychological impact of the Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a serious mental health problem for everyone, including health science college students who spend most of their times at home due to the closure of colleges. Addressing needs of early behavioral responses to this pandemic virus in the affected community particularly for...
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An Investigation on Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge Among College Students in Guangzhou City
Huang Gengsheng,
Bu Dan,
Liu Fengyin,
Yuan Xuewen
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
129-132
Received:
19 August 2021
Accepted:
15 September 2021
Published:
12 October 2021
Abstract: To inquiry the status of in awareness, behavior and attitude of sexual and reproductive health of college students in Guangzhou city, and to provide scientific basis for the promotion and education of sexual and reproductive health in college. An investigation was carried out on this issue. Questionnaire survey was used as mainly method that involved 608 students form five universities as respondents. Feedback data show that students had better awareness of condom use (92.60%) and contraception in physiological safety period (61.51%), but had lower awareness of subcutaneous implantation (4.6%), emergency contraception (28.13%) or partial short-acting oral contraceptive (30.59%). Some knowledge of syphilis (89.64%) and gonorrhea (69.41%), but lack of knowledge of condyloma acuminatum (28.61%), non-gonococcal urethritis (17.10%), vaginitis (26.64%) and other venereal diseases. Lack of specific skills to prevent unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, only 25.33% of students know the correct use of condoms. College students' knowledge of sexual and reproductive health is not optimistic, and there is a certain misunderstanding of knowledge, to prevent unintended pregnancy, prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and other related skills are far from enough. Colleges and universities should strengthen the publicity and education of sexual and reproductive health knowledge of college students, enhance their consciousness and ability of youth health, and ensure their physical and mental health.
Abstract: To inquiry the status of in awareness, behavior and attitude of sexual and reproductive health of college students in Guangzhou city, and to provide scientific basis for the promotion and education of sexual and reproductive health in college. An investigation was carried out on this issue. Questionnaire survey was used as mainly method that involv...
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Assessment of COVID-19 Cases by Haematological and Biochemical Markers: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study in Dhaka, Bangladesh
Sanjoy Kumar Saha,
Md. Nuruzzaman,
Sajalendu Biswas,
Amitav Saha,
Mohammad Obayedur Rahman,
Mohammad Asaduzzaman
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 5, September 2021
Pages:
133-139
Received:
13 September 2021
Accepted:
12 October 2021
Published:
29 October 2021
Abstract: Background: On 8 March 2020 the first COVID-19 case was detected in Bangladesh. Day by day this disease is changing its own nature and dimension. So, it is very difficult to define the exact risk factors associated with such ferocious diseases. In this situation, haematological and biochemical analysis of COVID-19 patients may play an important role in the current and future planning of COVID treatment. Aim of the study: The aim of this study was to assess the COVID-19 status of Covid patients by haematological and biochemical markers. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted among 350 participants who attended the Bashundhara Ad-Din Medical College Hospital, Hasnabad, South Keranigonj, Dhaka, Bangladesh after confirmation by RT-PCR. Using 5 ml fasting venous blood samples different haematological and biochemical biomarkers were analyzed. These were analyzed in auto analysis using a standard protocol as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Finally, results were analyzed using standard statistical calculation by% positivity, confidence interval, p values where p≤0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: In this study, in critical participant group, the mean (±SD) HBC, RBC, TLC, PCV, NLR, Platelet Counts, SGOT and SGPT were found 11.56±2.07, 3.64±2.82, 12372±2920, 29.17±7.84, 2.8±0.32, 98743±32127, 67.91±31.54 and 71.39±33.74 respectively. On the other hand, in non-critical patient group those reading were found 12.78±2.17, 4.02±2.90, 10956±2744, 35.03±8.22, 2.7±0.28, 129544±51228, 65.68±27.96 and 67.55±26.57 respectively. In analyzing the haematological and biochemical parameters among participants we found ‘extremely significant correlations’ between critical and non-critical groups in HBC, TLC, PCV, Platelet Counts, S. Creatinine and D-Dimer test results where p values were <0.0001. On the other hand, we found only ‘significant correlation’ between critical and non-critical groups in NLR, CRP, Serum Ferritin and LDH test results where the p values were <0.05. The average age of the total participants was 47.27±14.66 years. In the critical group, it was 54.19±15.23 and in the non-critical group, it was 43.03±13.68 years. So, the mean age of critical patients was higher than that of non-critical patients. Conclusion: Haematological and biochemical markers may be considered as the most potential parameters in assessing the severity of COVID-19 infection. But, advanced training required for laboratory personnel’s who are responsible for collecting, transporting and handling biological samples and carrying out the various laboratory tests for patients with COVID-19 is recommended.
Abstract: Background: On 8 March 2020 the first COVID-19 case was detected in Bangladesh. Day by day this disease is changing its own nature and dimension. So, it is very difficult to define the exact risk factors associated with such ferocious diseases. In this situation, haematological and biochemical analysis of COVID-19 patients may play an important rol...
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