Effect of the Hydric Factor and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) on the Severity of Phytophthora colocasiae
Asseng Charles Carnot,
Taffouo Desire,
Djoko Kuate Daniel Caustel,
Ngueuleu Armand,
Ebongo Lobe Emmanuel,
Nanda Djomou Giresse Ledoux,
Ngono Ngane Annie,
Ambang Zachée
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
61-67
Received:
17 August 2017
Accepted:
5 September 2017
Published:
16 October 2017
Abstract: Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott is an important food for millions of people in countries of Africa, Asia and Central America. The cultivation of taro suffers from an epidemic disease, the taro mildew, caused by P. colocasiae, which is a disease that manifests itself as oily and circular spots on tubers, stems, petioles and on taro leaves causing losses of more than 50% in less than ten days. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of this pathogen on the leaf area parameter in two varieties of taro (Ibo coco and Atangana) at different water levels, then evaluate the incidence of the disease severity on the leaves at different water levels and study the behavior of this pathogen on plants previously inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of the genus Gigaspora magarrita and Acaullospora tuberculata. The plants were separated into three batches (control batch not infected, batch infected with pathogen and batch not only infected but also inoculated with AMF at different water contents (500 ml, 370 ml, 250 ml and 125 ml), the batch infected with the pathogen alone showed a reduction in the growth parameters compared to the control, and the inoculated and infected batch also showed a reduction in growth parameters but closer to the control. In addition, the speed of propagation of the lesion in the inoculated batch is reduced compared to that of the uninoculated batch, and this speed also decreases with the water content, as a result of which the mildew of taro develops easily. Moreover, the addition of AMF makes it possible to minimize its propagation.
Abstract: Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott is an important food for millions of people in countries of Africa, Asia and Central America. The cultivation of taro suffers from an epidemic disease, the taro mildew, caused by P. colocasiae, which is a disease that manifests itself as oily and circular spots on tubers, stems, petioles and on taro leaves causing lo...
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Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of Organic Extracts of Roots of Glycyrrhiza Glabra Linn
Zafar Iqbal,
Zhang Hai,
Hong Yan Ping,
Abdul Ghaffar,
Munaza Mumtaz,
Luban Liaqat
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 4, July 2017
Pages:
68-72
Received:
7 March 2017
Accepted:
27 March 2017
Published:
30 October 2017
Abstract: Extacts of root of Glycyrrhiza glabra linn were prepared by using n-hexan, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, ethylacetate, and ethanol and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were measured. Secondary metalbilites like flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, and steroids were measured and it was found that highly polar solvents ike ethyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and THF extract more metabolites as compared to less polar solvents. In vitro antioxidant activity of organic extracts of glycyrrhiza glabra root was measured by using DPPH scavenging radicle. Ethanolic extract gave highest antioxidant activity of 92% followed by ethyl acetate 89%, THF 87%, toluene 45% and hexane 23% respectively. The organic extracts of the plant root was further tested for its antibacterial activity against two bacteria viz. Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Ethanolic extract and THF extracts have showed mild antibacterial activity against saphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli respectively whereas n-hexane extract failed to inhibit the growth of bacteria. The results have shown that organic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra linn is rich source of secondary metabolites, a strong antioxidant and possess mild antibacterial activity.
Abstract: Extacts of root of Glycyrrhiza glabra linn were prepared by using n-hexan, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, ethylacetate, and ethanol and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were measured. Secondary metalbilites like flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, and steroids were measured and it was found that highly polar solvents ike ethyl a...
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