Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China

Ling Zhu; Qing-hua Yi; Can-hong Bai; Wei-li Tian; Li-jian Liu; Xiao-ping Ye; Li-ping Qiu; Feng-lian Yang; Shao-chang Ma; Zhi-fang Li; Li-ping Fu; Ding Luo

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11

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| Peer-Reviewed

Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China

Ling Zhu

, Qing-hua Yi

, Can-hong Bai

, Wei-li Tian

, Li-jian Liu

, Xiao-ping Ye

, Li-ping Qiu

, Feng-lian Yang

, Shao-chang Ma

, Zhi-fang Li

, Li-ping Fu

, Ding Luo^*

Published in American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 13, Issue 6)

Received: 14 October 2025 Accepted: 26 October 2025 Published: 22 November 2025

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Abstract

Objective: To investigate the correlation between blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function with the prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly individuals aged 65 and above in this region, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design, selecting 11,510 residents from nine communities in this region who participated in elderly health examinations from 2022 to 2023 as the study subjects. Demographic data (age, gender, education level), medical history, and other baseline information were collected through standardized questionnaires. Laboratory data such as fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function were measured, and cognitive function status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in individuals aged ≥65 in this region. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the impact of blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function on cognitive impairment. Results: Among the 11,510 elderly individuals, 2,803 had cognitive impairment, with a prevalence rate of 24.4%. The results showed that hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, glomerular filtration rate, age, gender, and education level had significant effects on cognitive impairment (P < 0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed no significant association. Conclusion: Female gender, advanced age, low education level, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, high cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and decreased glomerular filtration rate are risk factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly population of this region.

Published in	American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (Volume 13, Issue 6)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11
Page(s)	162-169
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Renal Function, Blood Glucose, Blood Lipid, Cognitive Dysfunction, Prevalence

References

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[13]	LUANA LL, GRO T, MARIA LB, et al. Does hyperglycemia downregulate glucose transporters in the brain? [J]. Medical Hypotheses, 2020, 139: 109614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109614
[14]	PEDRINIS, HONEE, GUPTAVB, etal. Plasma high density lipoprotein small subclass is reduced in Alzheimer's disease patients and correlates with cognitive performance [J]. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease, 2020, 77(2): 733-744. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-200291
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APA Style

Zhu, L., Yi, Q., Bai, C., Tian, W., Liu, L., et al. (2025). Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 13(6), 162-169. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11

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ACS Style

Zhu, L.; Yi, Q.; Bai, C.; Tian, W.; Liu, L., et al. Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2025, 13(6), 162-169. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11

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AMA Style

Zhu L, Yi Q, Bai C, Tian W, Liu L, et al. Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2025;13(6):162-169. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11

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@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11,
  author = {Ling Zhu and Qing-hua Yi and Can-hong Bai and Wei-li Tian and Li-jian Liu and Xiao-ping Ye and Li-ping Qiu and Feng-lian Yang and Shao-chang Ma and Zhi-fang Li and Li-ping Fu and Ding Luo},
  title = {Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China
},
  journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {162-169},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20251306.11},
  abstract = {Objective: To investigate the correlation between blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function with the prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly individuals aged 65 and above in this region, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design, selecting 11,510 residents from nine communities in this region who participated in elderly health examinations from 2022 to 2023 as the study subjects. Demographic data (age, gender, education level), medical history, and other baseline information were collected through standardized questionnaires. Laboratory data such as fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function were measured, and cognitive function status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in individuals aged ≥65 in this region. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the impact of blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function on cognitive impairment. Results: Among the 11,510 elderly individuals, 2,803 had cognitive impairment, with a prevalence rate of 24.4%. The results showed that hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, glomerular filtration rate, age, gender, and education level had significant effects on cognitive impairment (P < 0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed no significant association. Conclusion: Female gender, advanced age, low education level, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, high cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and decreased glomerular filtration rate are risk factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly population of this region.
},
 year = {2025}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China

AU  - Ling Zhu
AU  - Qing-hua Yi
AU  - Can-hong Bai
AU  - Wei-li Tian
AU  - Li-jian Liu
AU  - Xiao-ping Ye
AU  - Li-ping Qiu
AU  - Feng-lian Yang
AU  - Shao-chang Ma
AU  - Zhi-fang Li
AU  - Li-ping Fu
AU  - Ding Luo
Y1  - 2025/11/22
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11
T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
SP  - 162
EP  - 169
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11
AB  - Objective: To investigate the correlation between blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function with the prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly individuals aged 65 and above in this region, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design, selecting 11,510 residents from nine communities in this region who participated in elderly health examinations from 2022 to 2023 as the study subjects. Demographic data (age, gender, education level), medical history, and other baseline information were collected through standardized questionnaires. Laboratory data such as fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function were measured, and cognitive function status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in individuals aged ≥65 in this region. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the impact of blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function on cognitive impairment. Results: Among the 11,510 elderly individuals, 2,803 had cognitive impairment, with a prevalence rate of 24.4%. The results showed that hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, glomerular filtration rate, age, gender, and education level had significant effects on cognitive impairment (P < 0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed no significant association. Conclusion: Female gender, advanced age, low education level, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, high cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and decreased glomerular filtration rate are risk factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly population of this region.

VL  - 13
IS  - 6
ER  -

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Author Information

Ling Zhu

Department of General Practice, Taihe Sub-district Community Health Service Center of Guandu District, Kunming, China

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0000-3867-2636
Qing-hua Yi

Department of Endocrinology, Guandu District People's Hospital, Kunming, China

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0009-6039-7154
Can-hong Bai

Department of General Practice, Guanshang Sub-district Community Health Service Center of Guandu District, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0006-8368-3194
Wei-li Tian

Department of General Practice, Wujing Sub-district Community Health Service Center of Guandu District, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0003-5832-9837
Li-jian Liu

Department of General Practice, Taihe Sub-district Community Health Service Center of Guandu District, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-3490-8538
Xiao-ping Ye

Department of General Practice, Taihe Sub-district Community Health Service Center of Guandu District, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0003-0274-0651
Li-ping Qiu

Department of General Practice, Taihe Sub-district Community Health Service Center of Guandu District, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0002-9513-9138
Feng-lian Yang

Department of General Practice, Taihe Sub-district Community Health Service Center of Guandu District, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-8001-4053
Shao-chang Ma

Department of Endocrinology, Guandu District People's Hospital, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0007-8659-5349
Zhi-fang Li

Department of Endocrinology, Guandu District People's Hospital, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0008-8004-6768
Li-ping Fu

Department of Endocrinology, Guandu District People's Hospital, Kunming, China

http://orcid.org/0009-0000-6763-7709
Ding Luo

Department of General Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Anning City, Kunming, China

Contact Email

http://orcid.org/0009-0004-9059-6174

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APA Style

Zhu, L., Yi, Q., Bai, C., Tian, W., Liu, L., et al. (2025). Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China. American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 13(6), 162-169. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11

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ACS Style

Zhu, L.; Yi, Q.; Bai, C.; Tian, W.; Liu, L., et al. Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China. Am. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 2025, 13(6), 162-169. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11

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AMA Style

Zhu L, Yi Q, Bai C, Tian W, Liu L, et al. Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China. Am J Clin Exp Med. 2025;13(6):162-169. doi: 10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11,
  author = {Ling Zhu and Qing-hua Yi and Can-hong Bai and Wei-li Tian and Li-jian Liu and Xiao-ping Ye and Li-ping Qiu and Feng-lian Yang and Shao-chang Ma and Zhi-fang Li and Li-ping Fu and Ding Luo},
  title = {Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China
},
  journal = {American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine},
  volume = {13},
  number = {6},
  pages = {162-169},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajcem.20251306.11},
  abstract = {Objective: To investigate the correlation between blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function with the prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly individuals aged 65 and above in this region, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design, selecting 11,510 residents from nine communities in this region who participated in elderly health examinations from 2022 to 2023 as the study subjects. Demographic data (age, gender, education level), medical history, and other baseline information were collected through standardized questionnaires. Laboratory data such as fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function were measured, and cognitive function status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in individuals aged ≥65 in this region. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the impact of blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function on cognitive impairment. Results: Among the 11,510 elderly individuals, 2,803 had cognitive impairment, with a prevalence rate of 24.4%. The results showed that hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, glomerular filtration rate, age, gender, and education level had significant effects on cognitive impairment (P < 0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed no significant association. Conclusion: Female gender, advanced age, low education level, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, high cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and decreased glomerular filtration rate are risk factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly population of this region.
},
 year = {2025}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Impact Analysis of Renal Function, Blood Glucose, and Lipid Levels on Cognitive Dysfunction in the Elderly in Southwest China

AU  - Ling Zhu
AU  - Qing-hua Yi
AU  - Can-hong Bai
AU  - Wei-li Tian
AU  - Li-jian Liu
AU  - Xiao-ping Ye
AU  - Li-ping Qiu
AU  - Feng-lian Yang
AU  - Shao-chang Ma
AU  - Zhi-fang Li
AU  - Li-ping Fu
AU  - Ding Luo
Y1  - 2025/11/22
PY  - 2025
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11
DO  - 10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11
T2  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JF  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
JO  - American Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
SP  - 162
EP  - 169
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2330-8133
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajcem.20251306.11
AB  - Objective: To investigate the correlation between blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function with the prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly individuals aged 65 and above in this region, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design, selecting 11,510 residents from nine communities in this region who participated in elderly health examinations from 2022 to 2023 as the study subjects. Demographic data (age, gender, education level), medical history, and other baseline information were collected through standardized questionnaires. Laboratory data such as fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function were measured, and cognitive function status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to determine the prevalence of cognitive impairment in individuals aged ≥65 in this region. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0 software, and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the impact of blood glucose, blood lipids, and renal function on cognitive impairment. Results: Among the 11,510 elderly individuals, 2,803 had cognitive impairment, with a prevalence rate of 24.4%. The results showed that hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, triglycerides, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, glomerular filtration rate, age, gender, and education level had significant effects on cognitive impairment (P < 0.05), while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol showed no significant association. Conclusion: Female gender, advanced age, low education level, hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, high triglycerides, high cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and decreased glomerular filtration rate are risk factors for cognitive impairment in the elderly population of this region.

VL  - 13
IS  - 6
ER  -

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